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Genetics Question 4
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- Question 6 The helical turns of the DNA does not only provide spaces for binding with regulatory proteins but they cause the molecule to resemble a spiral staircase. A) True B) FalseQuestion 10 The proteins and other substances that bind to the DNA rely mostly on non-covalent interaction to deliver the effects on the DNA. A True B) FalseQuestion 2. Ribosomes are cellular structures that are composed of protein and RNA; this structure is responsible for catalyzing peptide bond formation between amino acids during a process known as translation. a) Many antibiotics that kill bacteria target translation. Why might this be an effective mechanism to kill bacteria? Why don't antibiotics also kill human (eukaryotic) ribosomes? b) The antibiotic Kasugamycin (KSG) destabilizes the P-site of the ribosome. Describe what parts of translation would be altered in the presence of this antibiotic. c) How does the following graph show the efficacy of translational knockdown with KSG? Met-Methionine C % of Met incorporation 100 80 60 40 20 0 + 0 2 4 6 8 KSG concentration (mg/ml) 10
- QUESTION 7 For each statement below, state whether it is true of DNA, RNA, Both DNA and RNA, or Neither DNA nor RNA using the letters indicated below: a. DNA b. RNA c. Both DNA and RNA d. Neither DNA nor RNA 1. Can contain the nucleotide Uracil. 2. The nucleotides are connected via phosphodister linkages. 3. Can contain the nucleotide Adenosine. 4. Has a secondary structure that is a double helix. 5. Is a polymer that is composed of a series of amino acids.QUESTION 21 Observation of purified DNA as "beads on a string" first indicated the presence of: a. supercoiling b. double helix C. nucleosomes O d. base pairingQuestion 8 Electrophoresis in agarose gel |A The DNA will migrate to the negative elec- trode due to the presence of phosphate groups. B For a given DNA molecule, the higher the percentage in G/C pairs, the less the DNA will migrate. C The migration speed depends on the agarose percentage. D] The migration of an undigested, circular plasmid DNA will depend solely on its number of base pairs. E If the migration buffer is at physiological pH (7.4), the DNA will not migrate.
- QUESTION 21 Very carefully analyze each nucleotide structures (base and sugars) and identify the structure(s) that is (are) expected to be the part of DNA only. NH NH OH B A O only A O A and C O c and D O only C O A and BQuestion 17 What is the nucleotide sequence of the DNA strand that is complementary to 5'-ATCGCAACTGTCACTA-3 A 5'-UAGUGACAGUUGCGAU-3' B 5-TAGCGTTGACAGTGATA-3 5'-ATCACTGTCAACGCTA-3 D 5'-TAGTGACAGTTGCGAT-3'Question 16 The Watson and Crick model of DNA structure shows the following EXCEPT A the turn of the DNA helix results in spatial grooves for binding with regulatory proteins B covalent bonding between bases to form the primary structure C Along the interior of the double helix are van der Waals forces and hydrophobic interactions stabilizing the molecule D the base pairs are nearly perfectly planar and are perpendicular to the axis of the molecule
- QUESTION 9 Complementary strands in DNA double are defined by: а. a. jonic interactions H bonds С. C. hydrophobic interactions Od. base stackingQuestion 42 The A and B forms of DNA A both have 12 base pairs per turn of the helix B are both right handed helices c) both have 10 base pairs per turn of the helix D are both left handed helixQUESTION 26 In a double-stranded DNA molecule, how are the sequences of each strand related to each other? A The sequences are identical. B The sequences are identical except that one strand has a U where the other strand has a T. C The sequences are the reverse compliment of each other and use the nucleotides, A, G, U, and C only. D The sequences are the reverse complement of each other.