Replacement Policies Consider a cache using the Least Recently Used (LRU) policy with 16 blocks. If the sequence of memory block accesses is 3, 5, 2, 1, 5, 3, 4, 2, 1, what blocks will be present in the cache after these accesses?
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- . Cache Write Policies In a cache system using a write-back policy, if a cache block is modified and marked as "dirty" but not yet updated in the main memory, and that block is selected for replacement, what action should be taken to ensure data integrity?A write through cache will always store any changes made in the cache in memory immediately replace the first item that was inserted into the cache when it is full use fully associative cache mapping set a dirty bit when the cache has been modified so the changes can be stored laterIn the event of an unsatisfied cache request, what should happen to the block being sent to the main memory from the write buffer?
- A message slot is a cache line that contains status flags and the message itself. The state can be empty or ready, and communication occurs through a single cache line. Both the sender and the receiver write the message to the cache line. The receiver updates the state from empty to ready, then polls the cache line in a loop waiting for the sender to send a message. The sender waits in a tight loop until the receiver acknowledges the cache line, changes the state from ready to empty, and acknowledges receipt. Explain that the system uses a snooping cache coherence protocol and describe the cache-coherence transaction taking place on the coherence bus when a message transfer occurs.A cache is set up with a block size of 32 words. There are 64 blocks in cache and set up to be 4-way set associative. You have byte address 0x8923. Show the word address, block address, tag, and index Show each access being filled in with a note of hit or miss. You are given word address and the access are: 0xff, 0x08, 0x22, 0x00, 0x39, 0xF3, 0x07, 0xc0.A direct-mapped cache consists of 8 blocks. A byte-addressable main memory contains 4K blocks of eight bytes each. Access time for the cache is 20 ns and the time required to fill a cache slot from main memory is 300 ns. Assume a request is always started in sequential to cache and then to main memory. If a block is missing from cache, the entire block is brought into the cache and the access is restarted. Initially, the cache is empty. c) Compute the effective access time for this program. Show me how to solve using this equation: EAT = H x AccessC + (1 – H) x AccessMM where H is the cache hit rate and AccessC and AccessMM are the access times for cache and main memory, respectively. thanks
- 3. The series of memory address references given as word addresses are 122, 126, 126, 126, 116, 300, 116, and 118. Assume a direct-mapped cache with eight one-word blocks that is initially empty. Label each reference in the list as a hit or miss and show the contents of the cache with figure after each reference.What is the role of a cache that is completely associative?When a set-associative cache address is created, what are the three fields that make up the address, and how do you utilize them to locate anything in the cache?
- Differentiate between caches that are totally associative and those that are directly mapped.A direct-mapped cache consists of 16 blocks. A byte-addressable main memory contains 4K blocks of 16 bytes each. Access time for the cache is 30 ns and the time required to fill a cache slot from main memory is 250 ns. Assume a request is always started in sequential to cache and then to main memory. If a block is missing from cache, the entire block is brought into the cache and the access is restarted. Initially, the cache is empty. a) Show the main memory address format that allows us to map addresses from main memory to cache. Be sure to include the fields as well as their sizes. b) Compute the hit ratio for a program that loops 4 times from locations 0 to 42 (base 10) in memory. c) Compute the effective access time for this program.If a block is being pushed back to main memory from the write buffer when the processor sends a request that cannot be fulfilled in the cache, what should happen?