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Suppose the economy of Macroland is described by the following:
C = 200 + 0.8 DI (DI = disposable income)
I = 300 + 0.2Y − 50r (Y = GDP)
(r, the interest rate, is measured in percentage points. For example, a 9 percent interest rate is r = 9).
For this economy, assume that the Federal Reserve uses its
r = 5
G = 750
T = 0.25Y
X = 200
M = 150 + 0.2Y
Hint: DI = Y − T
| a. |
75 surplus
|
|
| b. |
475 surplus
|
|
| c. |
475 deficit
|
|
| d. |
75 deficit
|
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- Suppose an economist believes that the price level in the economy is directly related to the money supply, or the amount of money circulating in the economy. The economist proposes the following relationship: P=A×MP=A×M • P=Price LevelP=Price Level • M=Money SupplyM=Money Supply • A=A composite of other factors, including real GDP, that change very slowly over time.A=A composite of other factors, including real GDP, that change very slowly over time. How might an economist gather empirical data to test the proposed relationship between money and the price level?The mandate of the South African Reserve Bank (SARB) states that “the Reserve Bank is required to achieve and maintain price stability in the interest of balanced and sustainable economic growth in South Africa”. There are several macroeconomic determinants that in many ways affect the outlook of the economy, such as inflation, growth, interest rates, unemployment and exchange rates. There has been an ongoing conversation among economists and politicians about the mandate of the SARB. Do you think that the mandate of the SARB should change? Support your view.Research suggests that macroeconomic factors can explain the dynamics of interest rates in the economy. Suppose we are interested in understanding whether inflation plays a role in explaining interest rates. Fitting a line between the current nominal interest rate i and current inflation we obtain: i = 0.041 -0.147 What is the expected level of interest rates when inflation is at the level of 4%?
- The commodity market for a simple two-sector economy is in equilibrium when Y = C + I. The money market is in equilibrium when the supply of money (Ms) equals the demand for money (Md), which in turn is composed of the transaction-precautionary demand for money (Mt) and the speculative demand for money (Mz). Assume a two-sector economy where C = 5 + 0.8Y, I = 100 - 75i, Ms = 250, Mt= 0.3Y, and Mz = 50 - 150i. , find the IS and LM and equliprium in commodity and money markets. Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.Suppose the economy begins at full employment. Label this starting point as point "1." Then, suppose that the minimum wage increases to $15 in the United States, which affects the entire labor market and increases the cost of production. Show the effects on your graph and label the new equilibrium point "2." Lastly, suppose the Federal Reserve wants to keep prices in the economy as low as possible. Should the Fed intervene? If so, show the impact of successful monetary policy on your graph. Label this new equilibrium point "3."After staying virtually flat for about a year and a half, the average lending rate of banks has started to show signs of decline in April after the Bank of Ghana reduced the monetary policy rate the month before. The Summary of Economic and Financial Data (May 2020) published by the Bank of Ghana has shown that average lending rate has finally moved out of its comfort zone to a step downward. Prior to recording 22.38 percent in April, the average lending rate has since the past 17 months (December 2018) not come below 23%.How would banks benefit when interest rates decrease?
- Consider an economy that is characterized by the following equations: C = 150 + 0.65(Y - T) – 200r (Consumption) (Тахation) (Investment Demand) (Government Expenditure) (Exports) (Imports) T = 100 + 0.2Y I = 200 G = 500 - 200r X = 100 IM = 150 + 0.1(Y – T) – 100r (Money Demand) (Money Supply) L = -25 + 0.5Y - 500r M = 133,200 pSR = 120 (Short-Run Price Level) Answer each of the following questions. In your answers, be sure to state any assumptions that you impose and provide an explanation. Derive the AD and SRAS curves. Solve for the short-run equilibrium in the AD-SRAS model. Is your solution the same as in part 3 above? Why or why not? Is the fiscal multiplier in this economy larger or smaller than if the asset market were not accounted for in the model? Briefly explain. True or false? The aggregate demand curve is downward-sloping because the demand for goods and services increases as the price decreases. Briefly explain.answer c and d Suppose that the following system of equations describe the macroeconomy of a hypothetical country: Y= C(y)+I(i)+G : IS or goods market M/p=L(i,y) : LM or money market b) Taking money supply and government expenditure as exogenous and the price level as fixed, determine and provide economic intuition for the signs and magnitudes of the following multipliers dY/dG and di/dG c) For a simultaneous increase in both the interest elasticity of investment and interest elasticity demand for money parameters, determine the net effect on the values of the multipliers in part b). d) For a horizontal LM curve, determine the numerical values of your answers in part b) above if: Marginal propensity to consume=5/6 Tax rate=0.25 Interest elasticity of investment=5 Interest elasticity of demand for money=50 Income elasticity of demand for money=2 answer c and d onlyThe monetary policy rate is the rate at which the Central Bank of Ghana lends to commercial banks. The results from table 4.4.1 shows that the monetary rate in Ghana declined from 2019 to 2021, before rising in 2022. The decline in the monetary rate from 2019 to 2021 can be attributed to an expansionary monetary policy, which was implemented to boost the economy of Ghana by reducing unemployment. The rise in the monetary rate in 2022 is a sign of a contractionary monetary policy, which is intended to reduce money supply and increase the cost of borrowing. This can help control inflation but may also lead to lower economic growth due to reduced aggregate demand (consumption). Consumption which is a component of GDP, the decrease in Aggregate demand will lead to decrease GDP and economic growth at large. Digitalization has become the norm in all parts of life, including finance. Mobile money has acquired substantial acceptance in Ghana as a simple mechanism for fund transfers, payments,…
- Deriving the aggregate demand curve from the quantity equation of money allows the aggregate demand curve to be written as P = MV / Y. If V = 3, and M = 1,000, then P = 3,000 / Y, and the slope of this function is:Consider a closed economy in which: C=250+0.8 (Y-T)I=400−30 rT=150G=220Y=C+I+G where Y is GDP, C is consumption, I is investment, T is taxes, G is government purchases, and r is the interest rate. If the economy were at full employment (that is, at its natural rate), GDP would be 3,000. a. Suppose the central bank’s policy is to adjust the money supply to maintain the interest rate at 3 percent, so r = 3. Solve for GDP (Y). Y=______ b. How much is the private saving (SPVT)? SPVT=______ c. How much is the government spending multiplier (k)? k=______ d. Assuming no change in monetary policy, what change in government purchases (ΔG) would restore full employment? ΔG=______ e. Assuming no change in fiscal policy, what change in the interest rate (Δr) would restore full employment? Δr=______Introduction to Macroeconomics: End of Chapter Problem 18. According to By the Numbers, the personal savings rate trended upward during the last five economic recessions. Personal savings might increase during a recession because of high unemployment and income anxiety. an increase in interest rates. an increase in the prices of the products. an increase in per capita income. Anna Graham is the new Treasury Secretary, and she is trying to interpret some inflation measures. In year one, the aggregate price level increased by 7% and in year two, the aggregate price level decreased by 1%. Which statement accurately characterizes the changes in the nation's price level? O In year one, the economy is experiencing inflation. In year two, the economy is also experiencing inflation. O In year one, the economy is experiencing inflation. In year two, the economy is experiencing deflation. In year one, the economy is experiencing deflation. In year two, the economy is experiencing disinflation.…