The location of enzymes is important for metabolic pathways. Which of the following enzymes is NOT localized to the cytosolic compartment of the cell? A) Phosphofructokinase. B) Aldolase. OC) Pyruvate dehydrogenase. OD) Pyruvate kinase.
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- The major control enzyme in glycolysis is: a) hexokinase b) phosphofructokinase c) aldolase d) pyruvate kinase In step 4, when fructose-1,6-biphosphate is cleaved, the two molecules formed are: a) GAP and DHAP b) GAP and 3-PG c) 3-PG and 2-PG d) PEP and pyruvate NAD is used in which step? A) conversion of DHAP to GAP b) conversion of GAP to 1,3-BPG c) conversion of 1,3-BPG to 3-PG d) conversion of PEP to pyrunate The number of ATP molecules formed at the substrate level in glycolysis is: a) 1 B) 2 c) 3 d) 5 The number of ATP molecules formed indirectly via oxidative phosphorylation in glycolysis is: a) 1 B) 2 c) 3 d) 5During the metabolism of glucose in anaerobic cells, the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase is essential to allow glycolysis to continue. This enzyme catalyzes the reduction of pyruvate to lactate. Why is this so essential? OA) It lowers the pH. B) It re-oxidizes NADH to NAD+. C) Lactate stimulates hexokinase activity. D) Pyruvate inhibits pyruvate kinase.Listed are some hypothetical medical conditions, describe their effect on cellular respiration (specifically refer to the effect they will have on energy production). a) A person is unable to take glucose into their cells. b) A mutation occurs in the ATP synthase protein and it is inactive. c) The mitochondrial inner membrane is very permeable to H+.
- Glycolysis consists of three irreversible steps. Which of the following enzyme- catalyzed reaction are not irreversible steps in glycolysis? a) Hexokinase Ob) Phosphofructokinase Oc) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate kinase Od) Pyruvate kinasethe reaction catalyzed by glyceradehyde 3-phosphate dehydrigenase is based on NAD+ and a active site cysteine. Also another phosphate group is added. what is the reason for that? a) because one ATP is consumed b) an inorganic phosphate is activated for ATP synthesis C) NADH can be recycld and than converted back to NAD+ for glycolysis d) because one ATP is generatedWhich of the following statements is/are CORRECT? OA) Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase is inhibited by ADP. B) Pyruvate carboxylase is inhibited by ADP. C) Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase is inhibited by ADP. OD) A and B. OE) B and C. 4
- The enzyme Phosphofructokinase (PFK) is a key regulator of glycolysis. A) Does ATP bind the PFK allosteric siteor the active site? B) Does high amount of ATP in the cell activate or inhibit PFK? Why? C)What do you suppose happens to glucose if glycolysis is inhibited in the cell?Cyanide is a highly toxic molecule. It bonds to a cytochrome in the electron transport chain located in the mitochondria, rendering the electron transport chain useless. The ingestion of cyanide, therefore, results in death due to which of the following? a) Starvation, due to an inability to create glucose. b) Build up of lactic acid. c) Inability to take in oxygen through the lungs. d) Cellular death from lack of energy.Which reaction listed is an actual metabolic reaction that occurs in the cell? a) lactate to pyruvate b) acetyl CoA to pyruvate c) pyruvate to urea d) carbon dioxid to glycerol
- Name a compound that can serve as a raw material for gluconeogenesis and is from the a.) glycolytic pathway ) from the citric acid cycle c.) an amino acid. Glucose is the only carbohydrate that the brain can use for energy. Which pathway is mobilized to supply the need of the brain during starvation?: a.) glycolysis b.) gluconeogenesis or c.) glycogenesis? Explain. The end product of glycolysis, pyruvate, cannot enter as such into the citric acid cycle. Which process converts this C3 compound to a C2 compound? Of the 36 molecules of ATP produced by the complete metabolism of glucose, how many are produced directly in glycolysis alone, that is, before the common pathway? Based on the names of the enzymes participating in glycolysis, what would be the name of the enzyme catalyzing the activation of glycerol?What enzyme will be used if only the non-oxidative portion of the pentose phosphate pathway is operating to produce ribose 5-phosphate? a) 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase b) 6-phosphoglucono-lactonase c) glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase d) transketolase1- The substrate used in the last step of glycolysis is: A) Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphateB) PyruvateC) 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerateD) Phosphoenolpyruvate 2- One of cellular processes is breaking down large molecules into smaller ones, which term most precisely describes this: A) catalysisB) dehydrationC) metabolismD) anabolismE) catabolism