The name for the kind of point mutation/base substitution when a codon changes from CCC (which codes for proline) to CGC (which codes for arginine) is mutation.
Q: Okazaki fragments are short DNA pieces that explain how
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Q: GCA UGC CGA UAC
A: 1. The tRNA anticodons for the amino acid sequence shown above is - GCA UGC CGA UAC
Q: What amino acid sequence is encoded by the codon sequence ACGCAGCGCCCGGUC? Use the 3 letter…
A: The amino acids are produced by the help of ribosome in the process of translation. In this process…
Q: A mutation converts an AGA codon to a TGA codon (in DNA) this mutation is
A: The mutation is sudden change occurs in the nucleotide sequence of DNA. It is due to exposure of…
Q: Refer to the Table of the Genetic Code and match the type of mutation to the following codon changes
A: Mutation : A mutation is defined as the changes in the nucleotide sequence. These results in…
Q: Which is the crucial role of base pairing between codon and anticodon
A: The triplet code expresses the genetic information that is transcribed into mRNA. The tRNA translate…
Q: If the sequence of amino acids encoded by a strand of DNA is serine-alanine-lysine-leucine, what is…
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Q: What enzyme is responsible for forming peptide bonds between amino acids? Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.…
A: Translation is the process of synthesis of protein in the cytoplasm.
Q: Explain why the base sequence ATC could not be a codon.
A: A three nucleotide sequence in mRNA molecule that codes for a specific amino acid is known as codon.…
Q: The codon chart below shows that adenine-uracil-guanine (AUG) codes for the amino acid methionine,…
A: CENTRAL DOGMA:- The whole process of Central Dogma involves two processes:- 1) Transcription- When…
Q: If one nucleotide is randomly changed in a DNA sequence, that is an example of ___ mutation
A: To answer this question we should have knowledge of biochemistry.
Q: Chargaff's Rule states that adenine is paired with and cytosine is paired with
A: The rule that in DNA, the bases A and T are always equal in amount, and the bases G and C are always…
Q: A mutation that substitutes a nucleotide sequence, such that in the MRNA transcript the original UAA…
A: mRNA serves as a template for the process of protein synthesis.
Q: Methionine is also known as Select one: a. the start codon b. the stop codon c. isoleucine d.…
A: Methionine is an amino acid that consists of a sulfur atom in its side chain. It is a part of many…
Q: TAT is a codon for the amino acid tyrosine (Tyr). If a mutation changes TAT to TAA, what kind of…
A: The genetic code is a set of rules that is used in the living organisms to translate genetic…
Q: Which of the following is not a characteristic of codon?
A: In this question, we have to explain which statement is not correct about the characteristics of…
Q: Which of the following amino acids is coded for by the above tRNA molecule (in a typical…
A: A tRNA atom has a "L" structure held together by hydrogen connections between bases in various…
Q: What would be the effect of an insertion or deletion of one of the bases in a codon?
A: Mutation may be defined as change in single or multiple base pairs resulting in altered phenotype.…
Q: An addition or deletion mutation that results in all of the amino acids after the mutation being…
A: A mutation refers to the sudden change in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that subsequently affects the…
Q: A transition mutation would be replacing A by
A: Transition mutation is a process in molecular biology and genetics where it refers to point in…
Q: Use the table of the codons to answer the following question. Starting with the start codon, what is…
A: A codon is a sequence of three consecutive nucleotides in a DNA or RNA molecule that codes for a…
Q: Which of the following best describes a stop codon?
A: Stop Codons constitute of three nucleotide sequence of m-RNA that doesn't code for any amino acid.…
Q: Which of the following codons is not a termination codon for protein synthesis?a) UUUb) UAGc) UAAd)…
A: UUU is not a termination codon for protein synthesis. Hence option a is the right answer UUU codes…
Q: Write the amino acid for the codons below 5'-AUG UUC CAG CUA GAU GAU AUG CUG GUA AUU GGG GAA CGC…
A: Biological macromolecules are those large molecules that are necessary for the survival and growth…
Q: Mark the one, which is NOT a stop codon?
A: Stop codons are those codons which leads to the termination of the translation process. In other…
Q: explain why a mutation in the dna nucleotide sequence that corresponds to the 3rd nitrogen base in…
A: A mutation is a change that occurs in our DNA sequence, either due to mistakes when the DNA is…
Q: What amino acid does the codon AGC code for? Use the chart below. Thr (threonine) Arg (arginine)…
A: Genetic code was discovered by crick. It is the sequence of nitrogen bases in mRNA molecule which…
Q: If the DNA triplet is TTA, then the transcribed MRNA codon would be
A: All living organisms store their genetic information in form of DNA / RNA. This genetic information…
Q: Use the codon wheel on page 10.11 to identify any stop codons in the stop codons. Use the codon…
A: During transcription process RNA is formed with the help of complementary base pairing with template…
Q: Sometimes knowing the DNA sequence of a gene that codes for a protein does not tell you the amino…
A: A DNA sequence is copied into a messenger RNA in the process of transcription that occurs in the…
Q: A point mutation that changes a codon specifying an amino acid into a stop codon is called a
A: Point mutations are those which substitutes one nucleotide (within) a codon into another. Due to…
Q: The sequence of a polypeptide is determined by the order of codons that specify the amino acids in…
A: Proteins are the ultimate products of the genes. DNA is transcribed into m RNA and this is…
Q: Give two reasons why a point mutation in the codon for methionine (Met) would likely be more serious…
A: Point mutation is a mutation where a single nucleotide is changed i.e. insertion, deletion or…
Q: why is it nessecary to modify the RNA molecule?
A: RNA molecules are highly interesting molecules, which perform a variety of functions and helps in…
Q: For each mutant, state what change has occurred in the DNA, whether it was a substitution by…
A: CODONS 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 NORMAL PRO THR VAL THR THR ARG TRP CODON CCC ACG GUG ACG ACA CGG UGG…
Q: * Part of a sequence of DNA from a person without this genetic disease is: TAG TAA AAA CCA CCC AGG…
A: Anticodons are nucleotide sequences that are the opposite of codons. They're located in tRNAs, and…
Q: A missense mutation is a single base pair change that Results in no amino acid change Results in one…
A: In genetics, a missense mutation is a point change in which a solitary nucleotide change brings…
Q: Using the codon chart, if the DNA strand being described is AGG TCT GAT , the resulting amino acid…
A: The order in which amino acids are found in a protein. Proteins are made up of 20 different types of…
Q: The “start” codon is ____ - ____ - ______
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Q: A mutation that changes a normal codon to a stop codon is called a
A: The mutation is a permanent alteration in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene, such that the…
Q: A base change that has no discernible effect is called a____________________ mutation.
A: Mutation- A sudden, heritable change the base sequences of the organism's genome that leads to…
Q: If instead of 20 amino acids there were 200 amino acids, then how many nucleotides would you be…
A: An mRNA directs the insertion of single amino acid to a protein per three nucleotides. A codon is a…
Q: Each tRNA has an _____ complementary to themRNA codon specifying the particular amino acid.?
A: Central Dogma of life is- DNA ---->mRNA -----> Protein The process of synthesis of a DNA…
Q: Use the following sense DNA sequence 5'- ATGTCCTGGTAA-3' to answer the following questions below.…
A: A) The resulting polypeptide from the mutated DNA sequence is- 5'-ATGTCCTGGTAA-3' Sense DNA…
Q: he anticodon for the codon GCA is:
A: CENTRAL DOGMA- Replication is the process when DNA replicates itself means it will make copies of…
Q: Which statement is true regarding the number of start (initiation) and STOP codons in the standard…
A: Genetic code carries the information present in mRNA in the form of nitrogen bases, for the…
Q: THE CODONS THAT CODE FOR THE AMIMO ACID SER (SERINE) ARE UCU, UCC,_____ AND _____
A: Codon: A three-nucleotide sequence in DNA or RNA that encodes a protein amino acid or indicates the…
Q: A one base-pair change in a genetic sequence is called a mutation. revertible frameshift insertion…
A: Mutation: It is a change in the nucleic acid of an organism. It alters the nucleotide sequence of…
Q: Which of the following is/are codon/s for Glutamic Acid? O CAA GAA O GAG O GAA & GAG CAA & CAG
A: Codons are tri-nucleotide sequences of a DNA or RNA molecule which code to specific amino acid, as…
Q: The kind of mutation where a stop codon is inserted and a protein is not completely made. _______
A: Such mutation are called as NON SENSE MUTATION
Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
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- First letter U UUU Phenyl- UUC alanine Leucine UUA UUG CUU CUC CUA CUG AUU AUC Isoleucine AUA AUG GUU GUC Leucine GUA GUG Methionine; start codon Valine Normal, wild-type sequence A. mutation I mutation A UCU UCC mutation C UCA UCG mutation B CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU ACC ACA ACG GCU GCC B. mutation II C. mutation III Point mutations are underlined. GCA GCG Second letter Serine Proline Threonine Alanine UAU UAC Tyrosine UAA Stop codon UAG Stop codon CAU CAC CAA CAG AAU AAC Histidine Glutamine Asparagine AAA AAG Lysine GAU Aspartic GAC acid GAA Glutamic GAG acid G UGU UGC Cysteine UGA Stop codon A UGG Tryptophan G CGU CGC CGA CGG AGU AGC AUG UCU CGG GCU UAC AUA UCU CGG GCU UAC AUG UUU CGG GCU UAC AUG UCU AGG GCU UAC GGU GGC AGA AGG Arginine GGA GGG Arginine Serine UOAGUO AGUOAGUCAG Glycine Which mutation would result in a conservative substitution with potentially serious consequences to the translation of the mRNA and synthesis of the protein? Third letterFirst letter U U UUU Phenyl- UUC alanine Leucine UUA UUG CUU CUC CUA CUG AUU AUC Isoleucine A AUA AUG GUU GUC Leucine GUA GUG Methionine; start codon Valine Normal, wild-type sequence A. mutation I mutation A UCU UCC mutation C UCA UCG mutation B CCU CCC CCA CCG ACU ACC ACA ACG GCU GCC B. mutation II C. mutation III Point mutations are underlined. GCA GCG C Second letter Serine Proline Threonine Alanine UAU UAC Tyrosine UAA Stop codon UAG Stop codon CAU CAC A CAA CAG Histidine Glutamine AAU AAC Asparagine AAA AAG Lysine GAU Aspartic GAC acid GAA Glutamic GAG acid G UGU UGC Cysteine UGA Stop codon A UGG Tryptophan G CGU CGC CGA CGG AGU AGC GGU GGC AGA AGG Arginine GGA GGG AUG UCU CGG GCU UAC AUA UCU CGG GCU UAC AUG UUU CGG GCU UAC AUG UCU AGG GCU UAC Arginine Serine Glycine Which mutation could result in the removal of a site for glycosylation or phosphorylation? DOAGUO AGUO AGUAG Third letter сUse the codon chart to determine the following RNA strand in amino acids (Remember to write it the same way the strand is): ACA-AGG-UUA-UGA second letter C A UAU Tyr U UUU UCU UGU Phe Cys UUC UCC UAC UGC C Ser UAA stop | UGA stop| A UAG stop UGG Trp UUA UCA UUG Le UCG CUU CCU CAU CGU His CUC ССС CAC CGC Leu Pro Arg CUA ССА САА CGA Gln СCG CAG CGG CUG AGU AAU Asn AUU ACU Ser AGC S AGA Arg AAC AUC } lle A AUA АСC Thr AAA Lys АСА AUG Met ACG AAG AGG GUU GCU GAU GGU Asp GAC GGC Gly GGA GCC GUC Val Ala GAA GAG } GUA GCA Glu GGG GUG GCG Your answer first letter ACUCAGUCAGUCAG third letter
- Second letter C A UUU Phenyl- UUC alanine UCU UCC UAU UAC UGU UGC Tyrosine Cysteine Serine UCA UCG UAA Stop codon UAG Stop codon UGA Stop codon UGG Tryptophan UUA A Leucine UUG CCU ССС CAU CAC CUU CGU CGC Histidine C CUC C CUA Leucine Proline Arginine CCA СCG CGA CGG A CAA CAG CUG Glutamine AGU AGC AUU AAU ААС ACU Asparagine Serine AUC Isoleucine A AUA ACC АСА Threonine AAA AGA Methionine; start codon ACG Lysine Arginine AUG AAG AGG U GUU GUC GUA GCU GCC GCA GAU Aspartic GAC acid GGU GGC GGA GGG Valine Alanine Glycine GAA Glutamic GAG acid GUG GCG G Given the codon UCA in the first exon of a gene, which change is most likely to result in a nonsense mutation? A transversion of A to U Change of nucleotide in the third position Change of nucleotide in the first position A transition of A to G Change of nucleotide in the second position First letter Third letter(ol soupe bannos96 SAM 3 A small strand of DNA has this sequence: 0pxbeter owl nade hoparg TACCGGAAACTG ATGGCCTTTGAC a. If the TOP strand is the template strand, what will be the mRNA made from this DNA read from left to right? What process allows for the mRNA to be made? b. If this is a eukaryotic mRNA, where does transcription occur? What would happen if the mRNA was not processed? c. What is the sequence of the protein made (use the genetic code below)? What process allows for the protein to be made?Given the following codons and their corresponding amino acids: UUU-Phenylalanine GAA- Glutamate CAA- Glutamine AAU- Asparagine AAC- Asn AAA- Lysine UCU- Serine GGA-Glycine ACC-Threonine AUG- Met/ START codon CCU- Proline GUU- Valine UAU-Tyrosine UAA- STOP AGG- Arginine AUU- Isoleucine CAU- Histidine GCU- Alanine UGU-Cysteir GAU-Asparti CUA-Leucine UGG-Tryptol CGU-Arginin Box 1: Show the mRNA sequence which codes for the short peptide, lys-ala-phe- leu. Include what should come before and after this short message. Don't leave any spaces between the letters. Box 2: Show the tRNA anticodon sequence that would line up with the mRNA strand from Box 1. Don't leave any spaces between the letters. Box 3 & 4: Show the DNA base sequence that would be found in the DNA double helix which carries the gene for this peptide. Give the coding strand sequence in Box 3 and template strand sequence in Box 4. Don't leave any spaces between the letters. Box 5: What if there was a frameshift at leucine…
- If the sequence of amino acids encoded by a strand of DNA is serine-alanine-lysine-leucine, what is the order of bases in the sense strand of DNA? Use the codon chart below to help you: second letter A G UAU Tyr UGU UUU UCU Phe Сys UUC UCC UAC UGC Ser UAA stop |UGA stop | A UAG stop UGG Trp UUA UCA UUG Leu G UCG CUU CCU CAU CGU His CUC ССС САС CGC Leu Pro Arg CUA ССА САА CGA Gln CUG CCG CAG CGG AUU ACU AAU AGU Asn Ser AUC le A AUA AAC AAA AGC AGA Arg АСС Thr ACA AUG Met | ACG AAG Lys AGG GUU GCU GAU GGU Asp GUC Val GUA GAC S GAA Glu GCC GGC Gly GGA Ala GCA GUG J GCG GAG GGG) O 3' AGACGTTTCAAT 5' O 3' UGUGCAAAGUUA 5' О 5 TGTGCTTТCТТА 3' first letter UCAG UCAG PCAG third letterComplete the labels for the following diagram of translation. NOTE: A is the product of this process, B is a protein that recognizes the stop codon, C and D are types of RNA A B C Write your response here... Write your response here... Write your response here... Write your response here...Which of the lettered arrows in the diagram of translation indicates an amino acid? A/G|G A AUGGG A C
- Explain what is meant by the concept of "central dogma of molecular biology". Name the main processes involved in this dogma and highlight the roles of the different types of RNA molecules involved in them. Point mutations in multiple tumor suppressor proteins have been linked to cancer. For example changes in the gene for adenomatous-polyposis-coli protein (APC gene) may result in colorectal cancer. Consider the following DNA sense strand. 3'-TAC CGG TTG TGA AGC TGA ATC-5' (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Derive the mRNA molecule from the given DNA strand sequence above, paying attention to the polarity of the molecule. Write down the polypeptide chain sequence arising from the mRNA molecule of the question above, using the table of the genetic code (Table Q1 overleaf) and indicate the C- and the N-terminus of the peptide chain. Point mutations of a cytosine (C) often lead to the dysfunction of the APC protein. Write down all possible polypeptide chains that can result from all possible DNA…The codon chart below shows that adenine-uracil-guanine (AUG) codes for the amino acid methionine, and cytosine- adenine-guanine (CAG) codes for glutamine in humans. RNA Codon Chart UCAGUGA Alanine Tyrosine Stop Cystoine Stop Valine G U A GTryptophan Arginine A Leucine Serine Lysine Proline Asparagine ACU lGACU Select the two amino acids that those two codons code for in carrots. O glutamine O isoleucine methionine serine O valine oupne Glycine Phenyl- acid Asparti oartic acid Histidine Glutamine Arginine uauonejos Methionine Threonine5'GGT ACG TTG GGG CTC CAT3' This sequence is transcribed and translated. Write the resulting amino acid sequence using the 3 letter code. Write the answer in a all capital letters. Leave a space between the amino acids. Do not write 5' and 3'.