The starting compound was treated with different nucleophiles shown in the table. The reaction was carried out in ethanol (similar to CH3OH) at 25°C. This time the leaving group isn’t a single (halogen) atom; it’s a group of atoms that leaves as a unit. (CH3);COC,H4NO2 + NaNu or HNu (CH3)3CNU + brightly colored compound The byproduct has an intense yellow color, while the starting materials are colorless, so the appearance of a yellow color indicates the reaction is occurring. Reaction Nucleophile (Nu) Compound Relative reactivity Number Color change observed NaOCH3 Yellow after 0.52 sec 1 Very bright yellow immediately НОСН3 2 NaSCH3 Yellow after 0.52 sec 3 Faint bright yellow immediately HSCH3 4 1. Rank the relative reactivity of nucleophiles. The shortest time means fastest reaction, which gets number 1 reactivity. The longest time means slowest reaction, which gets the highest number. There may be some tied scores. 2. The name of the mechanism that best explains all four reactions is 3. True or False: Doubling the concentration of nucleophile in Reaction 4 would double the reaction rate.

The starting compound was treated with different nucleophiles shown in the table. The reaction was carried out in ethanol (similar to CH3OH) at 25°C. This time the leaving group isn’t a single (halogen) atom; it’s a group of atoms that leaves as a unit. (CH3);COC,H4NO2 + NaNu or HNu (CH3)3CNU + brightly colored compound The byproduct has an intense yellow color, while the starting materials are colorless, so the appearance of a yellow color indicates the reaction is occurring. Reaction Nucleophile (Nu) Compound Relative reactivity Number Color change observed NaOCH3 Yellow after 0.52 sec 1 Very bright yellow immediately НОСН3 2 NaSCH3 Yellow after 0.52 sec 3 Faint bright yellow immediately HSCH3 4 1. Rank the relative reactivity of nucleophiles. The shortest time means fastest reaction, which gets number 1 reactivity. The longest time means slowest reaction, which gets the highest number. There may be some tied scores. 2. The name of the mechanism that best explains all four reactions is 3. True or False: Doubling the concentration of nucleophile in Reaction 4 would double the reaction rate.

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Identify the major product of the following reaction sequence. 1) [H*], H₂NNH2, (-H₂O) 2) KOH/H₂O, heat HO₂C HO₂C HO CO,H OH OH There is no reaction under these conditions or the correct product is not listed here.
The reaction below is a base-catalyzed aldol reaction. O || CH₂-C-H CH3-C-H Ethanal (Acetaldehyde) H I CH3-C-H Ethanal (Acetaldehyde) NaOH Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in the step of the mechanism shown below. Arrow-pushing Instructions AC⇒x= :O: || :CH₂-C-H OH Bl CH3-CH—CH2-CH -CH₂-1-1 a 3-Hydroxybutanal (B-hydroxyaldehyde; formed as a racemic mixture) :0: :0: || CH3—CH—CH2-C-H A tetrahedral carbonyl addition intermediate X
What is(are) the major final product(s) formed during the following sequence of reactions? 01 11 V 1.0₂ 2. (CH₂)₂S C₂H₂O 2 identical molecules ||| =PPhy < IV орна
The nucleophile approaches from the opposite side of the carbon with the leaving group in which reaction mechanism? O E2 O SN1 O SN2 O SN1 and SN2
In the presence of light or heat, diazomethane (CH,N2) creates a carbene, which then adds to an alkene to make a cyclopropane. In the boxes below. draw the mechanism arrows for the reaction. H INEN: INE N:
Determine the mechanism of nucleophilic substitution of each reaction and draw the products, including stereochemistr CH₂CH3 CI Br + CN d. + CH3COOH a. acetone + -OCH3 e. DMF f. b. C. ||||| a ||||| Br H Br CH2CH2CH3 + CH3OH DMSO H CH3 CI Br + OCH₂CH3 + CH3CH₂OH
Q-I: Determine the product(s) of the rxn and llustrate the mechanism. AlCl3 ? Q-II: Determine which reagent would complete the rxn and illustrate the reaction mechanism. F3C F;C (Br2 ) (HBR ) (Br2 + Fe) (None of the Above) Q-III: Determine which reagents are needed to conduct the synthesis. OH NO, 1) NANO2 II) R-COOH I) HNO3/H2SO4 II) KMN04/HCI I) R-COOH II) NANO2 1) R-COOH II) HNO3/H2S04
H3C-C O: H ethanal :CN: and the electrophile is cyanide ion In the step you have just written, the nucleophile is slow rate-determining Ö—0—1 H3C-C-C=N; adduct
How many acid-base steps occur in this mechanism? :OH fö OH ₂ H CI: -H₂O (C5H12O) (CsH3O*) :CI: :CI:- yox (C5H1*) (C5H₁1CI)
The given reaction scheme is an example of which type of reaction? O || R₁-C-OH + R₂-OH Oxidation Fischer esterification Nucleophilic substitution Reduction Rearrangement reaction Acid O || R₁-C-O-R₂ Meeting in "General"
One of the steps in the mechanism of the above reaction as shown below. Draw the structure of all the products of this reaction. com/mm/takeAssignCourt Rotivity.do?locator assignment-take 1 pt ment Eto O Eto O 3. NaOH, H₂O, heat 4. HCI, H₂O, heat One of the steps in the mechanism of the above reaction is shown below. Draw the structure of all of the products of this reaction. O OEt O 1. Eto Na 2 Å OH You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • Draw enolate anions in their carbanion form. . You should include all products. Ôno P Ć [References) . Include counter-ions, e.g., Na, I, in your submission, but draw them in their own separate sketcher. . Draw one structure per sketcher. Add additional sketchers using the drop-down menu in the bottom right corner. . Separate multiple products using the + sign from the drop-down menu. ///-000- IF Previous Email Instructor
Which of the following is the target product formed after the following sequential reactions? 1. NaOEt 2. CH,CH,Br `OEt 3. H30* / 1s1 |