ublic key is available online, Bob will use his p ed to encrypt the actual data exchanged betw ed to encrypt the symmetric key me private key to encrypt the data, then it is no
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- Explain how digital signatures work. In your explanation, try to, at least, explain which variables you need to sign the document, (e.g. public key of the sender, original document, etc.), what is being received by the recipient, and the properties that digital signatures have (e.g. what happens if somebody modifies the signed document). Explain how you would encrypt a document that you want to send to your friend Bob using public-key cryptography. Explain the process since the moment that you generate you key-pair. So, probably, the first step will be distributing one of your keys to the recipient. Also, explain the last step of this process when Bob decrypts your message.Alice sets up an RSA public/private key, but instead of using two primes, she chooses three primes p, q, and r and she uses n=pqr as her RSA-style modulus. She chooses an encryption exponent e and calculates a decryption exponent d. Encryption and Decryption are defined: C ≡ me mod n and m ≡ Cd mod n where C is the ciphertext corresponding to the message m. Decryption: de ≡ 1 mod φ(n) | Let p = 5, q = 7, r = 3, e = 11, and the decryption exponent d = -13. n = 105 & φ(n) = 48 Q: Alice upgrades to three primes that are each 200 digits long. How many digits does n have?Consider the case of Alice sending a message, m, to Bob. Both Alice and Bob use public key cryptography and each has a public and private key as described in the text. The figure attached below shows the operations that Alice must perform to provide confidentiality, authentication, and integrity when sending a message to Bob over the network. We can use either symmetric key or public key cryptography to encrypt a message. For our purposes, either technique will encrypt the message, and applying both doesn't make it "more secure". Also, we can assume that the session key would remain a secret so the fact that it is discarded does not make it "more secure". Why do we use a session key, Ks, instead of relying only on public key Cryptography? In other words, why do we use both public key and symmetric key cryptography?
- The Caesar Cipher is one of the oldest methods of encryption which was used by Julius Caesar and involved simply shifting text a specified number of positions in the alphabet. The number of shifted positions is known as the key. So a key = 4 would encrypt “ZOO” to “DSS”. Decrypt the following message which has a key = 4: “LIQQS”. Show your work.Which of the following statement is True? In reality, RSA is used to encrypt the symmetric key O In RSA, the public key and private key are identical Given that Bob's public key is available online, Bob will use his public key to generate digital signature O In RSA, if we use the private key to encrypt the data, then it is not possible to use the public key to decrypt it t get the original data In reality, RSA is used to encrypt the actual data exchanged between a sender and a receiverAhmed and one of his close friend, Ali, used to send e-mail using public and private key encryption. He can send e-mail to Ali using the following two methods: He encrypts an e-mail with Ali’s public key and decrypts it with his own private key. He encrypts an e-mail with his own private key and Ali decrypts it with his public key. In fact, anyone can have Ahmed’s public key and hence can read the e-mail sent out by Him through second method. Why he might still want to use second method
- This is case sensitive. The government hired you to decrypt the encrypted message. The hacker used a Denial of Service attack, which resulted in a massive blackout of the government websites' internet services. The only way to get things back to normal is to decode the message left by the hacker. The message has been decoded as follows: 01010011 01110100 01110101 01000100 01111001 00100000 01001000 01100001 01110010 01100100 00100000 00100110 00100000 01101101 01100001 01001011 01100101 00100000 01110011 01110101 01110010 01100101 00100000 01010100 01101111 00100000 01110000 01000001 01110011 01010011 00100000 01110100 01101000 01100101 00100000 01000101 01101101 01010000 01101111 01110111 01100101 01010010 01101101 01100101 01101110 01110100 00100000 01010100 01100101 01100011 01101000 01101110 01101111 01101100 00110000 01100111 01101001 01100101 01110011 00100000 01110011 01010101 01100010 01101010 01100101 01100011 01110100 00101110Ahmed and one of his close friend, Ali, used to send e-mail using public and private key encryption. He can send e-mail to Ali using the following two methods: He encrypts an e-mail with Ali’s public key and decrypts it with his own private key. He encrypts an e-mail with his own private key and Ali decrypts it with his public key. In fact, anyone can have Ahmed’s public key and hence can read the e-mail sent out by Him through second method. Why he might still want to use second method? Briefly describe and suggest a method of using public and private key encryption which would be better than first and Second method for allowing Ali to read e-mail sent by Ahmed. Answer the part bAhmed and one of his close friend, Ali, used to send e-mail using public and private key encryption. He can send e-mail to Ali using the following two methods: He encrypts an e-mail with Ali’s public key and decrypts it with his own private key. He encrypts an e-mail with his own private key and Ali decrypts it with his public key. In fact, anyone can have Ahmed’s public key and hence can read the e-mail sent out by Him through second method. Why he might still want to use second method? Briefly describe and suggest a method of using public and private key encryption which would be better than first and Second method for allowing Ali to read e-mail sent by Ahmed.
- Alice uses RSA to send a key to Bob for use in encryption of future messages. The key is the word "CINEMA" and the encoding from letters to numbers is done using the ASCII: A = 65... Z = 90, space = 99. The public parameters (n, e) = (9379, 11) are shared. Encrypt Alice's key word, using 2-letter blocks. Please show work.Given is the following string of ciphertext which was encrypted with substitution cipher. asvphgyt The encryption rule is given as C= (M + K) mod 26, where C is the ciphertext, M is the plaintext and K is the key. We assume that the plaintext is in English. You know that the first plaintext letter is a w. Decrypt the message.Suppose that you receive a digital certificate that contains M and (h(M)]CA, where M = (Alice, Alice's public key) and "CA" is Certificate Authority. Assuming that you trust the CA, after verifying the signature on the certificate, what do you then know about the identity of the sender of the certificate? Remember that: [Xleob indicates encryption via Bob's private key to X (signature) h(X) indicates the cryptographic hash function applied to X O The sender is Alice O The sender is Trudy I cannot deduce the identity of the sender from the certificate The sender is the Certificate Authority