Using the situation below, how would I determine the net resultant force exerted on the reducer by the water? In this situation, water is flowing horizontally in a pipe that has a diameter of 25cm. This water is flowing at 8 m/s and at 300 kPa gage it enters a 90 degree bend reducing section. This bend reducing section is connected to a vertical pipe that has a diamater of 15cm. Moreover, the inlet of the bend is 45 cm above the exit. Here, fricition and gravity are negligible and the momentum flux correction factor is 1.04.

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Fluid Dynamics

The study of the flow of gases and liquids, usually in and around solid surfaces, is known as fluid dynamics in physics and engineering. Fluid dynamics, for example, can be used to evaluate the movement of air through an airplane wing or the surface of a vehicle. It can also be used in ship design to increase the speed at which ships pass through water.