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- Which of the following terms is used for the stage of viral replication primarily responsible for host range specificity? Maturation Penetration Release O Adsorption ReplicationViruses can easily mutate exchange genetic material, mechanisms referred to as antigenic drift and antigenic shift. These changes allow the virus to evade the immune system defenses. Match each term with the correct definition Antigenic drift [ Choose ] [Choose ] Different strains of a virus or strain of different viruses, combine and form a new strain that now has a mixture of the surface antigens Antigenic shift The virus changes genetically by accumulating mutations within the genes that code for antibody-binding sitesFigure 21.10 Which of the following statements is false? In the lytic cycle, new phages are produced and released into the environment. In the lysogenic cycle, phage DNA is incorporated into the host genome. An environmental stressor can cause the phage to initiate the lysogenic cycle. Cell lysis only occurs in the lytic cycle.
- An antimicrobial drug binds to the HIV reverse transcriptase enzyme, preventing it from working. Which of the following is true of this drug? It would inhibit early replication steps of some viruses, but not affect normal eukaryotic cell activity. It would directly interfere with translation of some viral proteins and some eukaryotic proteins. It would block assembly/maturation steps of some viruses, and interfere with translation in eukaryotic cells. It would interfere with release of newly formed viruses from a host cell, but not affect eukaryotic cells. It would interfere with protein synthesis in bacteria, but not affect eukaryotic ribosomes. It would interfere with mRNA transcription in bacteria and viruses, but not affect eukaryotic transcription.2009 H1N1 pandemic Multiple Answer: Choose all that apply to this diagram target cells for this virus are found in the digestive system The 2008 virus is a product of the reassortment of a human virus triple reassortment is implied This virus is used in phage therapy Only humans are involved in the reassortment process that results in new strains of this virus The 2008 virus in the diagram indicates that only Hemagglutinin was reassorted from an earlier strain of virusThe lytic cycle of a bacteriophage can be characterized by A large number of phages are released at a time. The virus-host relationship usually lasts for generations. The viral genome replicates without destroying the host. Viral DNA is incorporated into the host genome.
- Which is the usual order of a viral replication cycle when it is making new virions? O Host recognition > replication > entry > uncoating > release O Uncoating > host recognition > replication > entry > release O Prophase > metaphase > anaphase > telophase > cytokinesis Host recognition > entry > uncoating > replication > release MacBook Air DII DD F11 888 F8 F9 F7 F6 F5 F3 F4 & %24 % 7 8 LOlatent infection by animal viruses is most similar to which of the following events: lytic life cycle in bacteriophages O antigen shift antigen drift persistent infection by animal viruses O lysogenic life cycle in bacteriophagesA person is infected with HIV. The individual is treated with several drugs, including azidothymidine (AZT). Which of the following is the most immediate effect of this drug? O It inhibits formation of the capsid. O It does not allow the viral genome to become integrated into the host genome. O It allows reverse transcriptase to proofread, and this will allow successful treatment with a vaccine. O It does not allow the virus to make a DNA copy of its genome.
- Which of the following statements are correct for a class V ssRNA (-) virus? it uses its genome directly for translation it must make the complementary (+) RNA strand to synthesize more of its genome it replicates its genome via classical semiconservative replication it converts its genome to DNA via reverse transcriptase as part of its life cycleHuman Papillomaviruses are characterised by all of the following EXCEPT A genome of double-stranded circular DNA encoding around eight open reading frame These viruses are small naked and icosahedral They replicate in dividing cells and encodes three oncogenic proteins E5, E6 and E7 These viruses transmit primarily by nosocomial infection in hospitals HPV serotypes 14, 16, 18, 31, 45 are known to cause cervical cancer Rotarix is a vaccine indicated for the prevention of Rotavirus gastroenteritis caused by G1 and non-G1 types (G3, G4, and G9). Which of the following is NOT correct regards this vaccine? following immunisation, children may become irritable and experience diarrhoea ill infants or who born with SCID should not be immunized is live-attenuated vaccine derived from the G1P[8] rotavirus strain is prepared for IV administration is given in two doses None of the above Internationally, which clinical sample, at minimum, is used to diagnose COVID-19? Lung biopsy Blood Faeces…phage can be "induced" as a result of DNA damage. Consequences of induction include. Temperate phage, e.g lambda phage; lytic cycle and transduction Lytic T4 phage, assembly, conjugation O Lytic phage, e.g. T4 phage; lysogenic cycle, prophage formation Temperate phage, e.g. lambada phage, prophage formation, transformation O T4 phage, lytic cycle, specialized trasnduction
