Q: What parts are persistent throughout the development of the embryo? Why are these present in all the…
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Q: Are all of the cell nuclei in the embryo sac haploid or is just the egg haploid?
A: The group of organisms with eukaryotic cells having cell walls and autotrophic nutrition are called…
Q: State the function of homeotic genes. Describe how nurse cells in fruit flies can affect larval…
A: Homeotic genes are a group of genes that control the pattern of body formation during early…
Q: Do genetic differences ever occur in asexually reproducing organisms? If so, how?
A: There are two different modes of reproduction namely, asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction.…
Q: Is the mammalianembryonic development director indirect?
A: The process of embryonic development is otherwise known as embryogenesis. Fertilization is the…
Q: If a fertilized Drosophila egg is punctured at the anterior end and a small amount of cytoplasm is…
A: Egg polarity genes are the earliest activated genes, which decide the formation of main body axis;…
Q: What generates the first differences among cells in an early embryo? And what controls the…
A: Embryonic differentiation refers to the process in which embryonic cells possess specialization and…
Q: What is the rationale behind the cleavage stages undergone by the early embryo?
A: Cleavage: The series of synchronized mitotic cell divisions of the fertilized egg that results in…
Q: With regard to development, what are the roles of the maternaleffect genes versus the zygotic genes?…
A: Maternal-effect is a phenomenon in which the phenotype of the offspring is defined by the genotype…
Q: What are homeotic genes and what is the “homeobox” contained in such genes?
A: A gene can be defined as the physical and functional unit of the hereditary. Genes consists of…
Q: Carefully distinguish between the terms differentiation and determination. Which phenomenon occurs…
A: Cells are the basic, structural, and functional units of every single living being. Every cell…
Q: State the neuromere origin of each brain region?
A: Introduction Neuromeres Are Known As The Segments Of The Neural Tube That Forms The Embryonic Brain…
Q: What Causes the End of Cleavage in a Frog Embryo?
A: All frogs reproduce sexually, but instead of the fertilization taking place inside the female, it…
Q: Why are blastomeres in the pigmented part of the egg smaller and more numerous than in the…
A: The other terms associated with developmental biology include embryogenesis or embryology. This…
Q: What is meant by the term “activation” in embryology?
A: Embryology is a branch of biology. It is the study of formation, growth as well as the development…
Q: Illustrate the top-to-bottom and head-to-tail orientation of the fruit fly embryo.
A: The fruit fly is known as Drosophila melanogaster is a common fly found on fruits like ripe bananas.…
Q: Explain how egg rotation and gravity determine anterior posterior patterning in chick embryos
A: Anterior posterior pattern formation is the regionalization process in which specific areas of cell…
Q: Explain the developmental and functional similarities and differences between: 1. Avian yolk…
A: Three fetal membranes are present in mammals; yolk sac, amnion, and allantois. Yolk sac and…
Q: Does the distribution of Ca²+ in an egg correlate with formation of the fertilization envelope?
A: During fertilization, sperm-induced rise in cytoplasmic Ca2+concentration.
Q: Gradients of morphogens can be preestablished in the oocyte. Also, later in development, morphogens…
A: A substance whose non-uniform distribution governs the tissue development in the pattern formation…
Q: What is meant by “induction” in embryology? Describe the famous organizer experiment of Spemann and…
A: Embryonic development refers to the development and formation of the embryo. It is characterized by…
Q: What parts are persistent throughout the development of the embryo? Why are these present in all the…
A: The fitness of the organism depends on the early stages of embryonic development, which include…
Q: If Ca2+ from the egg’s endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for the cortical granule reaction and…
A: Reproduction is the process of production of own kinds.
Q: what causes activation of certain genes before fertilization?
A: Fertilization is the process of fusion of male and female gametes for the formation of a zygotes.
Q: Are the extraembryonicmembranes the same in allvertebrates?
A: An embryo is an early phase development for an unborn baby. A small fertilized egg divides and grows…
Q: What are the distinguishable parts of the 72-hour chick embryo? Give at least 5 parts and the adult…
A: Probably the best magical occurrence of nature is the change of the egg into the chick. A chick…
Q: In identifying the marginal cells of the tunicate embryo, which of the following is the role of the…
A: The seas squirts are examples of tunicates which are a type of invertebrates found in Marine…
Q: what is celluar cleavage thats occur in the early stages of development?
A: The development of an embryo is characterized by the process of cell division and cellular…
Q: How do fruit fly maternal effect genes determine thepolarity of the egg and the embryo?
A: Drosophila melanogaster is generally known as the common fruit fly. It belongs to the family…
Q: What role do homeotic genes play in the development of fruit flies?
A: Drosophila melanogaster popularly known as fruit flies is one of the common organisms used in…
Q: Describe two different experimental approaches that provide evidence for nuclear equivalence in…
A: Nuclear equivalence principle states that the nuclei of the differentiated cells in an adult cell of…
Q: What is the impact of in ovo and ex ovo avian embryo culture in various fields such as medicine?
A: In ovo and ex ovo are Avian embryo culture methods. The basic characteristic of Avian embryo is that…
Q: Differentiate between following. a. specification and determination in development b. anisogamy and…
A: Since there are multiple questions in this particular question, I will answer the first one for you.…
Q: What are the defferent mechanism the egg employed to ensure that only one sperm cell will fertilize…
A: Polyspermy is a fatal condition in which several sperm nucleus engage with the female nucleus.…
Q: How does von baer's law of development relates with the development of the frog embryo? evidences?
A: Von Baer's laws of development These are rules proposed by Karl Von Baer. The laws demonstrates the…
Q: How are genes turned on and off in embryological development?
A: One way cells regulate their genes is by DNA methylation, in which a molecule known as a methyl…
Q: You inject bicoid MRNA into the posterior end of a fertilized fruit fly egg just prior to the first…
A: Drosophila refers to the genus of flies that is commonly called fruit flies. It is a small fly seen…
Q: Explain further each number 1. Compare and contrast the sequence of fertilization events that take…
A: Fertilization is termed as the process of meeting of male gametes with female gametes. The male…
Q: What is the impact of in ovo and ex ovo avian embryo culture in various fields such as medicine?…
A: Answer :- As we know that ovo and ex ovo avian embryo culture is evacuation of the first eggshell or…
Q: explain Three egg types in variegated four-o’clocks.
A: Four o clock plant or Mirabilis jalapa refers to the perennial bushy flowering plants. These plants…
Q: Distinguish between the syncytial blastoderm stage and the cellular blastoderm stage in Drosophila…
A: Both the syncytial and cellular blastoderm are early developmental stages of Drosophila. The…
Q: How did we learn about the levels of gene regulation involved in vulval development in C. elegans?
A: The development of the vulva of C. elegans occurs during postembryonic development which occurs from…
Q: What is the importance of the pharyngeal pouches in development? Discuss.
A: In embryology, pharyngeal pouch is defines as "any of a series of evaginations of ectoderm on either…
Q: What are morphogens? Explain how they influence tissue patterning during embryonic development.…
A: Zygote is the first cell of a human being it is formed by the fusion of male and female gametes.…
Q: Discuss the role of par genes in generating anterior/posterior polarity in the C. elegans embryo.
A: C. elegant is a nematode that is used as a model organism in developmental research. Six proteins…
Q: Does the distribution of Ca21 in an egg correlatewith formation of the fertilization envelope?
A: Calcium plays a very significant role in several life processes that takes place within the body of…
Q: Describe the role of master regulators in embryonic development
A: Embryonic development is the early stage in development when cells undergo division and the…
Q: How does internal fertilization facilitate life on land?
A: Internal fertilization occurs inside the body of a female individual. Mostly internal fertilization…
Q: How does distribution of the gray crescent affectthe developmental potential of the first two…
A: Introduction: Gray crescent is a cortical region present in the egg of the frog that is recently…
What experimental evidence demonstrates that molecular gradients in the egg control development?
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- Gradients of morphogens can be preestablished in the oocyte. Also, later in development, morphogens can be secreted from cells. How are these two processes similar and different?Ectodermal Derivatives of the 10 mm Pig Embryo QUESTIONS: State the neuromere origin of each brain region?Does the distribution of Ca21 in an egg correlatewith formation of the fertilization envelope?
- Give examples of genes that affect development in fruit flies by regulating gene expression at the level of (a) transcription and (b) translation.What is true of the Progress Zone model? a) the length of time a cell resides in the progress zone dictates its identity along the proximodistal axis b) it is consistent with the outcome of removing the AER at successively later stages of limb development c) once a cell leaves the progress zone, its identity is established along the proximodistal axis d) cells of the progress zone are stimulated to divide by the AER e) all of the above You isolate a new mutant chicken strain in which limb outgrowth is severely curtailed. Limbdevelopment begins and the AER initially forms, but the AER then degenerates and subsequent development of the limb is aborted. Which of the following is a possible explanation for the AER phenotype? a) the mutant gene may function cell autonomously in the AER b) the mutant gene may function cell-nonautonomously in the limb bud mesenchyme c) the mutant gene may interfere with the feedback loop between the mesenchyme and AER d) all of the abovethe ectoderm of a gastrula stage vertebrate embryo, what is the major function of BMP4? a). repress nervous system development b). repress skin development c). promote nervous system development d). promote the onset of gastrulation e). More than one of the above are correct. 2. Which is an essential characteristic of neural stem cells? a) The ability to differentiate into any type of cell b) The ability to dispense with bacteria, damaged neuron, or toxic proteins in the brain c) The ability to guide neurons to their final location d) The ability to suppress the activity of the immune system e) The ability to differentiate into any cell type found in the central nervous system
- what is the process which involves in the self-destruction of cells in the developing embryo as shown in the disappearance of the embryo’s tail?What generates the first differences among cells in an early embryo? And what controls the differentiation of all the various cell types as development proceeds?Neurulation in model vertebrates and in fly follows soon after gastrulation.Do vertebrates and fly-related invertebrates adopt different strategies forneural development, both at the cellular and molecular level?
- Briefly describe how the HoxC-6 gene affects vertebrate development.With regard to early cleavage in the sea urchin, is the entire zygote involved in early cleavage? What happens to the size of cells as the cell number increases? Do they get bigger or smaller in these early stages? How does the size of these cells compare to the size of the original fertilized egg?What would happen if one cell was removed or damaged at the 2-cell stage of sea urchin embryo development? What about if one cell was removed at the 4-cell stage? At the 8-cell stage? How about if two cells were separated after the first cleavage and allowed to develop on their own?