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14. what is The process by which foreign DNA is introduced into a cell via a viral vector?
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- 27. Class VI animal viruses include HIV, Based on the type of viral genome, how is this class distinguished from the other classes of animal virus? A) It has double stranded RNA. B) It has single stranded RNA that serves as mRNA (positive sense). C) It has single stranded RNA that serves as a template for the synthesis of DNA. D) It has single stranded RNA that serves as a template for mRNA (anti-sense). does HIV26. In some cases involying bacteriophages, the viral DNA will insert itself into the bacterial DNA. Which of the following statements does not correctly describe this type of insertion? A) The inserted viral DNA is referred to as a prophage. B) The inserted viral DNA can leave the bacterial DNA. C) The inserted viral DNA is a part of the lysogenic cycle of replication. D) The inserted viral DNA can never leave the bacterial DNA and enter the lytic cycle.15. Why do viruses with a + strand of RNA make a - strand of RNA. .
- 28. Class VI animal viruses include the retroviruses such as HIV, What type of enzyme does HIV introduce into the host cell (white blood cell) when its genome has gained entry? A) Reverse transcriptase B) Restriction enzyme C) DNA polymerase D) RNA polymerase A denovinus-vector1)What are the difference between RNA and DNA? 2)Describe steps of viral replication, what are the differences in the replication between RNA and DNA viruses ?32. The CRISPR-Cas system helps some prokaryotes defend against the phage! Which of the following statements correctly describes how this system works? A) it produces RNA that is translated into proteins that attack viral DNA. B) it inserts specific genes randomly into the prokaryotic genome ) it causes the synthesis of proteins that are then secreted by the prokaryote that attack viruses in the environment. D) it cuts viral DNA at specific sequences before it can replicate.
- 3. Diagram the replication of a double-stranded DNA viral genome and the production of viral mRNAA botanist notices that a tomato plant looks diseased. How could the botanist confirm that the agent causing disease is a viroid, and not a virus?15. Write a brief description about the antibiotics that inhibit DNA transcription including during their Mode of action
- 6. Retroviruses have an RNA genome instead of a DNA genome, and the RNA must be copied into the host's DNA. How does this process differ from other reactions in biochemistry? What additional steps must happen for the virus to infect a cell?4. Shown below is the structure of the anti-retroviral drug AZT. HOCH, H 3 N₂ HN AZT H 2 H O CH₂ a) What nucleotide does the drug resemble? b) Describe a plausible mechanism for how this drug would inhibit the growth of HIV. c) Given what you know about DNA replication, why does the drug kill the virus but not people?1. Explain why it is NOT possible to treat diseases caused by prions with the same drugs that inhibit nucleic acid replication? 2. Explain how the attachment of viruses to bacterial cells is different from the attachment of viruses to animal cells.