Which of the following in the figure below is the most efficient form of dual opsonization of the pathogen by antibody and C3b to maximize phagocytosis?

Q: Which of the following is a FALSE statement about innate immunity? Natural killer cells are…

A: Answer:  2nd option: It must be primed by presence of a specific antigen.

Q: -Which of the following best characterizes the mode of pathogen recognition for opsonin-dependent…

A: The immune system is a complex network of biological structures (cell) and protein that defends the…

Q: Which of the following is not true about the complementsystem?(a) It is a set of more than 20…

A: The complement system is otherwise known as complement cascade and is associated with the immune…

Q: Which of the following interactions will NOT provoke an immune response?     A. Endogenous antigen +…

A: Ans - d) Endogenous antigen + MHC Class I + BCR, will not provoke an immune response. The two types…

Q: Pathogens produce several types of proteins that can inhibit complement activation. The importance…

A: Complement activation is one of the most important ways of innate immune system, to get rid of…

Q: Describe briefly the three effector functions of complement activation that result from the initial…

A:

Q: Which of the following statements is NOT correct? Group of answer choices -Natural killer cells are…

A: In both human and mice NK cells are known for directly inducing the death of tumor cells. They act…

Q: complement

A: Option D is answer .    The presentation of the antigens to the T helper cells for their activation…

Q: All of the following are involved in the alternative pathway of complement activation except _____.…

A: The alternative pathway is one of three complement pathways that opsonize and kill pathogens. The…

Q: Figure shows a series of events for the response in innate immune defense. a)State ONE main event…

A: Innate immunity is an immunity that is present during the birth of an individual. It is also known…

Q: Some primitive organisms, such as invertebrates, have no lymphocytes and thus lack an adaptive…

A: Immune system fight against disease-causing agents but as the age increases the immune system get…

Q: Which of the following activities leads to the redness of inflammation? Group of answer choices…

A: Inflammation is the response of the immune system of the body to potentially harmful factors like…

Q: rue/False: Several pathogens produce proteins, either membrane-bound or secreted, that inactivate…

A: The organisms that cause the disease to any human is known as the pathogen. The organism a…

Q: What is the difference between natural killer cells and macrophages? Natural killer cells are not…

A: natural killer cells : Natural killer cells( NKC)) are lymphocytes , They are large granular…

Q: Which of the following is true about complement? Check all that apply. Three pathways of…

A:

Q: Multiple pathways for regulating complement activation limit the potential damage caused by…

A: The complement pathway is a complicated process that aids in the eradication or suppression of…

Q: The classical complement pathway is initiated by C1q binding to the surface of a pathogen. In some…

A: The process of the complement system circulate in an inactive form, but in response to the…

Q: What is the function of mucus in preventing infections? Group of answer choices To stimulate the…

A: Mucus is a aqueous layer that is secreted by the mucous membranes.

Q: There are different pathways through which B cells can be activated, one of which is CD4 T -…

A: B cells are a type of white blood cell of the lymphocyte subtype. They function in the humoral…

Q: Ingestion of complement-tagged pathogens by phagocytes is mediated by receptors for the bound…

A: INTRODUCTION The complement system, also known as complement cascade, is a part of the immune system…

Q: What are TLRS? How does this work to ensure to prevent pathogens to cause diseases? Where are the…

A: The innate immune system is the first line of protection in opposition to pathogens, which is…

Q: Many of the inflammatory mediators produced by tissue macrophages at sites of infection act on the…

A: Inflammation is a defensive mechanism used by the host against injuries and infections. The…

Q: The C1 complement protein is activated when it binds to the Fc region of an antigen-bound antibody.…

A: The C-1 complement activation occurs on direct binding with the antigen and the classical complement…

Q: The formation of the C3 convertase is a key step in complement activation that occurs in all three…

A: The complementary system occurs in the cascade of reactions which is a part of the immune system. It…

Q: Which of the following does not accurately describe complement components?   A. made by the spleen…

A: The complement system is the major effectors of the humoral branch of immune system; this is the…

Q: Which compound is most likely responsible for initiating the inflammation response that results from…

A: An autoimmune disease's symptoms vary depending on whatever region of your body is afflicted. The…

Q: Mannose binding lectins (MBL) and ficolins are the two classes of proteins that can initiate the…

A: A complement system is an activated series of reactions against pathogens by the host immune system.…

Q: The Gram-negative bacterium Yersinia pestis, thecausative agent of the plague, is extremely…

A: Acetylation or phosphorylation are the modifications in the proteins by changing its structure,…

Q: Which of the following is not a function of eosinophils? Phagocytosis Antigen presentation…

A: Eosinophils which are also known as the acidophils , are the white blood cells and are one of the…

Q: Which cell recognizes stressed cells in the absence of expressed MHC or antibodies? A. B lymphocyte…

A: The cell that recognizes stressed cells in the absence of expressed MHC or antibodies are known as…

Q: In vertebrates, complement activation generally involves a pathogen recognition step followed by a…

A: Complement System --- Complement system is a part of immune system known as innate immune system…

Q: Each sentence below describes a step of inflammation. Indicate the order in which these steps occur…

A: Inflammation could be a defense mechanism utilized by your body's white blood cells and also the…

Q: An antibody binding to an antigen within the body can have which of the following outcomes that…

A: The term 'Antibody' defines certain proteins that circulate in the bloodstream and act against…

Q: Which of the following is not an example of innate immunity? Histamine release by mast cells…

A: Innate immunity can be described as the non specific immunity or the defense mechanism with which…

Q: PAMPS, TLRs, interferon

A: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus which attacks the human (body's) immune system.   it…

Q: phagocytic cells recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns using their:  Group of answer…

A: Pattern recognition receptors(PRR) These are class of transmembrane toll like receptors(TLRs) found…

Q: During the inflammatory response, histamine is released by damaged cells which attracts phagocytes…

A: Anergy is a term used in immunology to describe a lack of response by the body's defence mechanisms…

Q: The classical complement pathway involves activation of the complement proteins in which of the…

A: Complement system is a cascade that assists the antibodies and phagocytes to clear off…

Q: Based on your understanding of the innate immune system list 3 broad categories (and AT LEAST ONE…

A: The immune system protects the body against pathogens and cancer cells. Immunity can be divided into…

Q: The effector mechanisms that are recruited to clear an infection depend on the infectious agent.  In…

A: The immune system of a human being is concerned with the immune response towards the foreign…

Q: Which of the following is NOT an example of non-specific (innate) resistance mechanisms interacting…

A: The immune system is categorized into subparts: innate immunity and acquired immunity. Innate…

Q: The entry of naive T cells from the blood into lymph nodes and mucosal lymphoid tissues occurs by a…

A: Lymphocytes are the most common leukocytes in sites of chronic inflammation; they are unique in…

Q: Which of the following shows the highest phagocytic activity? NK cells Pmns involved in ADCC Tc…

A: Phagocytosis is a process by which phagocytic cells engulf non-self particles.

Q: Adaptive immunity includes which of the following processes?   Question 2 options:   A)…

A: A defense system in the body of an individual which constitutes a complex network of cells and…

Q: Which of the following complement components are generated during the classical path and bind…

A: The complement includes a group of proteins that are synthesized by the liver.

Q: Which components are considered a barrier to pathogen entry? all that apply Select one or more: a.…

A: pathogens are microorganisms which can cause disease and disorders in humans when they enter the…

Q: A mouse was injected with an antigen that is known to induce the generation Th1 helper T cells. At…

A: *Here a mouse was injected with antigen that is known to induce the generation Th1 helper T cells.…

Q: The virus shown in the diagram below is only able to infect and replicate in epithelial cells. In…

A: Immune system comprises several defense mechanisms against infection. Immune cells are involved in…