Q: Define the following terms:a. methotrexateb. circadian rhythmsc. calmodulind. Lesch-Nyhan syndromee.…
A: Molecular biology is the study of composition, structure, and interactions of cellular molecules…
Q: In a person with diabetes mellitus, what would be causing polyuria? Glucose has saturated the…
A: The first statement that is, Glucose has saturated the secondary active transporters in the PCT…
Q: How beta blocker and thiazide diuretics interlinked with the hyperlipidemia? Please answer at your…
A: Beta blockers is a beta-adrenergic blocking agents which help in reducing the blood pressure. It…
Q: Saline is a slightly salty solution sometimes given to Patients to help replenish fluids. What type…
A: A saline solution refers to a solution, which has a mixture of sodium chloride in water.
Q: Indicate in these situations the effect of plasma osmolarit, clinical outcome and how it can be…
A: Plasma osmolarity is an estimation of concentration of plasma which correlates to the number of…
Q: As compared to standard formulas, enteral formulas suitable for acute kidney injury have all of the…
A: The acute kidney injury In this condition glomerulus filtration rate is decrease and kidney unable…
Q: Why would it be dangerous to administer intravenous fluids that do not have an osmotic pressure…
A: Osmosis is the process of movement of water molecules via a semipermeable membrane, through a…
Q: Can you explain why this statement is incorrect or correct? A person with central diabetes…
A: Diabetes insipidus or DI is a condition in which an imbalance of fluids in the body takes place. It…
Q: VA 256 192 128 9 1.5 10- 38 25- 19 125- 64. .032- .023 .047
A: The MIC, or minimum inhibitory concentration, is the lowest concentration (in μg/mL) of an…
Q: bilirubin formation
A: Bilirubin is a yellow bile pigment that produce by breakdown of red blood cells through a process…
Q: Actions of ACE inhibitors in hypertension and heart failure include all the following EXCEPT…
A: ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitors are medicines used mainly for the treatment of high…
Q: How can a Osmoloarity test help diagnose Diabetes Insipidis? Please be specific, thanks!
A: Diabetes insipidus is a disease characterized by an insufficient amount of antidiuretic hormone in…
Q: Explain the composition of low osmolar infusions handwritten answers
A:
Q: The following is true of dose-related nephrotoxicity caused by aminoglycoside
A: Correct Options are: Option 1. Is characterized by drug accumulation in renal tubular cells. Option…
Q: Which of the following drugs would least likely cause mydriasis? Cyclopentolate Isoproterenol…
A: 1.The drugs Isoproterenol,epinephrine,Atropine, Glycopyrrolate are cause mydriasis. Answer is 1 for…
Q: Why Enalapril is prescribed for kidney failure and hypertensive patients?
A: Kidney failure is a medical condition characterized by the inability of the kidneys to remove or…
Q: Why did the differential renal vein renin test show an increase in the blocked renal artery side…
A: Renal vein renin test compare the renin release from two kidneys. It is the ratio of the measurement…
Q: how do excretion of drug will be modulated to extend the drug action in our body? explain briefly?
A: Drugs are the chemical molecules, which acts on our body to bring back the normal physiological…
Q: Define the ff. (own words) Volume of distribution Biliary recycling Excretion Protein binding…
A: All the given terms are important concepts in the the pharmacokinetic field that deals with the…
Q: ACE inhibitors in patients with chronic kidney disease
A: ACE inhibitors are the group medicines which are mainly used to treat heart and kidney conditions.…
Q: Describe the process through which hippuric acid is formed in the body. Please explain the…
A: Introduction Hippuric acid is a kind of acid. Knoop discovered the formation of Hippuric acid during…
Q: Can you give me definitions of Epinephrine and Saline.
A: Epinephrine famously known as adrenaline, is a hormone.It is also used as Medication. Adrenaline or…
Q: How does antidiuretic hormone effect the cells of the kidney? be specific.
A: The anti-diuretic hormone is made of special nerve cells which are found at the base of the brain…
Q: In the management of a patient with DKA, why is potassium added to the maintenance fluids even if…
A: a. Insulin promotes renal potassium loss: Insulin will cause the potassium shifts intracellularly,…
Q: Major Routes in Drug Administration and Significance of Renal Excretion
A: Drug administration is an essential part of patient care. Medications are regarded as a lifesaver.…
Q: Some patients with hypertension are kept on a low-salt (low-sodium)diet. Propose an explanation for…
A: Hypertension is a prolonged medical condition characterized by abnormally increased blood pressure,…
Q: ANF promotes loss of Na* thereby increasing urinary output Drugs that block angiotensin Il…
A: Answer- Dialysis is the selective diffusion of the nitrogenous waste from blood to the dialysate.
Q: insufficient protein in the blood plasma
A: Edema in kwashorikar is basically due to insufficient protein in blood plasma which is albumin…
Q: Discuss the role of immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the investigation of renal disease.
A: Immunohistochemistry- It is a laboratory method which uses antibodies to check for certain antigens…
Q: My mother who is a type 2 diabetes mellitus patient is taking empagliflozin, a SGLT2 inhibitor, for…
A: SGLT2 which stands for Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2). It is a anti hyperglycemic drug.
Q: Canagliflozin is therapeutically useful for managing type 2 diabetes because this drug decreases the…
A: Canagliflozin is used with a proper diet and exercise program to control high blood sugar in people…
Q: Abnormally increased blood levels of sodium aretermed ________.a. hyperkalemiab. hyperchloremiac.…
A: Sodium is important because it helps in maintaining water and electrolytes balance in body. It also…
Q: CHANGES IN THE URINARY SYSTEM: give a 2-3 sentence description of the NORMAL function of the…
A: Urinary system mainly consists of Kidneys that consists of nephrona which is the smallest unit of…
Q: Beyond stimulating aldosterone secretion, list the effects of ANG II. Give examples and brief…
A: The RAAS (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system) is operated by JGA (juxtaglomerular apparatus). The…
Q: How does ANP control kidney function? Please include all outlined factors in explanation
A: Atrial natriuretic peptide or ANP is a hormone which helps in restoring the atrial pressure is the…
Q: A Class III antiarrhythmic blocks _______________ channels. A) Potassium B) Calcium C) Sodium D)…
A: The irregular beats of the heart are called arrhythmia. The antiarrhythmic drugs are classified into…
Q: is glucose always present in the urine of normal individuals?
A: Glucose is the main source of energy in the body. where blood carries glucose to all the cells of…
Q: All of the following is CORRECT regards serum alpha-1 antitrypsin, EXCEPT * A. can inhibit…
A: Alpha-1 antitrypsin is a protein belonging to the serpin superfamily. It is encoded in humans by the…
Q: A Patient has just received an administration of an intravenous potassium too rapidly. a) What signs…
A: There are different routes for medicine administration. Administration of medication directly into…
Q: Cystinuria is caused by mutations in the cystine transporter, which is an antiporter which…
A: A mutation is a permanent change in the DNA of a cell such that the sequence deviates from what is…
Q: Which of the following is a pentapeptide and considered as a natural opiate in the body? A.…
A: A peptide refers to a chain of amino-acids which are linked to one another by a peptide bond. A…
Q: Why do site-IV diuretic drugs administer with the combination of site-I, site-II ans site-III…
A: Diuretics are medicines that are used to increase the rate of formation of urine in our bodies. The…
Q: Why is ADH also called vasopressin?
A: Vasopresssin: It is a hormone which is synthesised as a peptide pro-hormone in the hypothalamus and…
Q: Angiotensin Il receptors are located in all of the target tissues, EXCEPT: ascending loop of Henle…
A: Answer. Tubular reabsorption is a selective process that reclaims materials from the tubular fluid…
Why is beta blocker not used for patients with renal disease? Please explain at your own words.
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
- Why is the use of first-generation H1-antihistamines discouraged in clinical practice today?Why anesthesiologist often prefer combined uses of GA instead of single agent?My professor instructed me to make presentation speech on this drug "Lacosamide " and told me to find the below mentioned information regarding the drug: 1) Indications 2) Congratulations 3) Dose 4) Dose adjustment is necessary or not in Renal impairment
- Now that Mr. James has completed 25 days of antibiotics to treat S. marcescens in the blood, should single or double antibiotic coverage be recommended for the remainder of his 6-week course of therapy? Provide the rationale for your recommendation. Mr. Jones’ serum creatinine is 1.4 mg/dL at 1 month after discharge. At what point would you consider restarting the ACE inhibitor? Justify the use of ACE inhibitors in patients with chronic kidney disease.The order is for 0.35 mg of epinephrine stat; the drug is available as an ampule with the concentration labeled as 1:1000 (weight in grams: volume in mL). How much volume should be administered to the patient per dose? 1) 0.035 mL 2) 0.35 mL 3) 3.5 mL 4) 35 mLEzetimibe is used on treatment of: Select one: a. Primary Hypercholesterolemia b. Combined Hypercholesterolemia
- "Flurazepam, Zaleplon, Zolpidem"- Among these drugs, are dose adjustment require in moderate to severe hepatic impairment or renal impairment? Please answer at your own easy words.A patient is taking entacapone (Comtan) as part of the therapy for Parkinson’s disease. Which intervention by the nurse is appropriate at this time? a )Notify the patient that this drug causes discoloration of the urine.b )Limit the patient’s intake of tyramine-containing foods.c )Monitor results of renal studies because this drug can seriously affect renal function.d )Force fluids to prevent dehydrationJustify the use of ACE inhibitors in patients with chronic kidney disease.
- Colin who is 78 years old has been admitted to a ward where you are working, with acute bacterial meningitis. The duty doctor wants to treat with meropenem and she would like to know what dose to treat with. In Colin’s notes you see that he has a history of kidney injury, you have his weight which is 49kg and his serum creatinine is 157micromol/L. What is Colin’s estimated creatinine clearance? 2. What is the maximum daily dose (in grams) of meropenem that Colin will receive?Colin who is 78 years old has been admitted to a ward where you are working, with acute bacterial meningitis. The duty doctor wants to treat with meropenem and she would like to know what dose to treat with. In Colin’s notes you see that he has a history of kidney injury, you have his weight which is 49kg and his serum creatinine is 157micromol/L. What is Colin’s estimated creatinine clearance? X([140-age] × weight in kg)/(serum creatinine IN micromol/L Where X =1.04 for female and X= 1.23 for male 2. What is the maximum daily dose (in grams) of meropenem that Colin will receive?▪ A patient arrives at the ER complaining of seizures. The patient is taking phenytoin as prescribed which has a therapeutic range of 10-20 ug/mL. You order the SDC and find it is 8 ug/mL at steady state. This is an indication that A) dose needs to be increased. The dose needs to be individualized. ▪ B) The patient is noncompliant.