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Will the results of an in vitro antibiotic sensitivity test always agree with the results of an in vivo use of the antibiotic? Why or why not?
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- A high-throughput assay is being conducted in a 96 well plate to test compounds for anti-bacterial activity. Live bacterial cells are detected using “Live clear", a dye which is initially coloured blue, but turns clear in the presence of live bacterial cells. The control wells are shown below. Penicillin kills bacteria; glycerol does not affect them. Which of the control wells will appear blue at the end of the assay? "Live clear" glycerol penicillin - - + (A1 A2)(A3)A4) bacterial cells B1 (B2 (B3)B4 А4, В1, B2, ВЗ, B4 A2, A4, B2, B3, B4 А4, B2, ВЗ, В4 A1, АЗ, В1, В2, вЗ, В4 + + |What kind of benefits will be gained in the terms of patient approach by pharmacogenomic tests?Why won’t in vitro results necessarily ensure clinical success
- Does TGF-β treatment cause cells to grow more or less in the soft-agar assay? (a) More, (b) Less3) Were all of the conditions of a standardized Kirby-Bauer test met as you performed this assay? If not, which were not? 4) What is the significance of colonies that develop within otherwise clear zones of inhibition? If the laboratory report for one of your patients indicated colonies within the zone, what concerns would you have for your patient?Explain how in vivo testing differs from in vitro testing.
- -Two hundred patients without chest pain were screened with a new biochemical test that showed 190 had a negative screening result. What is the test's specificity? a) 80% b) 95% c) 90% d) 75%How is the Etest® carried out? When might it be used instead of the Kirby-Bauer test?The disc diffusion assay measuring a disinfectant's effectiveness against a microorganism is more standardized than measuring an antibiotic's effectiveness with the kirby-Bauer assay. a) True b) False
- What are other methods of measuring the sensitivity of organisms to antibiotic?With detail, compare and contrast the following 5 real-time assays; Taqman, SYBR Green, Molecular Beacon, FRET, and Scorpion. Please write complete sentences in paragraph form. Identify how the assays are similar but more importantly, what are the distinguishing features of each of the technologies.You are concerned that the level of lead in drinking water has reached potentially harmful levels in certain regions of the country. How would you go about testing what concentrations of lead would be safe for consumption? Include at least one approach from the following 3 categories: in vitro assay, cell-based test, and, toxicogenomic approach.