Would you expect this molecule to spontaneously assemble into a liposome? Why orwhy not?CH₂CH-CH₂-0=0C.Yes: this compound contains oxygen, and all oxygen-containing compounds arevery polar (amphipathic).No: this compound is roughly conical-shaped, and thus would have a highertendency to form a micelle than a liposome.No: this compound would have a high tendency to repel water, and thus wouldforce a liposome to form a micelle.No: this compound is not strongly amphipathic and thus could notspontaneously form a liposome in aqueous solution.No: this compound is hydrophilic and so would dissolve before it could form aliposome.Yes: this compound is cylindrical in shape and thus could spontaneouslyassemble into a liposome.

There are four classes of biological macromolecules- nucleic acid, proteins, lipids and…

Answered: Would you expect this molecule to…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Of the following cell membrane lipids, which one 1) prefers to reside in the inner leaflet (or inner half) of the membrane bilayer, AND 2) is not zwitterionic at physiological pH (7.4)? 1. SM (sphingomyelin) is inner-leaflet & NOT zwitterionic 2. PC (phosphatidylcholine) is inner-leaflet & NOT zwitterionic 3. PS (phosphatidylserine) is inner-leaflet & NOT zwitterionic 4. 2 of these 3 responses are correct
If you start with 100 mM Na+ and 100 mM K+ outside the liposomes, and 100 mM Na+ and 100 mM K+ inside the liposomes like in (A), then you add ATP to the solution outside the liposomes, then how will the Na+ and K+ concentrations change?
Of the following cell membrane lipids, which one prefers to reside in the inner leaflet (or inner half) of the membrane bilayer, AND has an overall neutral charge at physiological pH (7.4)? a) PE (phosphatidylethanolamine) is inner-leaflet with an overall neutral charge at pH 7.4 b) SM (sphinogomyelin) is inner-leaflet with an overall neutral charge at pH 7.4 c) PS (phosephatidylserine) is inner-leaflet with an overall neutral charge at pH 7.4 d) PC (phosphatidylcholine) is inner-leaflet with an overall neutral charge at pH 7.4
Proteoglycan aggregates in tissues form hydrated, viscousgels. Can you think of any obvious mechanical reason whytheir capacity to form gels is important to cell function?[Hint: Liquid water is virtually incompressible.]
ONE of the following is true about liposomes? O They are derived from a bilayer sheet. O They form because the cross-sectional area of the head group is similar to that of the acyl side chain O They form because the cross-sectional area of the head group is greater than that of the acyl side chain. O They contain a hollow non-aqueous interior cavity. O They are spherical structures with their hydrophilic regions aggregated in the interior cavity.
In order to investigate the action of a bacterial membrane protein that is a light-driven proton pump, you purify the protein and assemble it together with phospholipids into liposomes that contain an indicator dye, which is blue at high pH, colorless at neutral pH, and red at low pH. You then expose the liposomes, in an aqueous solution, to sunlight. The interior of the liposomes turn blue. Further investigatin of the proton pump protein you find that treatment of either intact bacteria or the purified protein with the protease chymotrypsin result in cleavage of the protein at a single site near the amino terminus, which destroys its capacity to pump protons. When you treat the liposomes described above with chymotrypsin, the interior of the liposomes remains colorless. Create an illustration/ diagram of that illustrates the orientation of the pump protein in the plasma membrane of the intact bacterium and the direction in which it pumps protons.
In order to investigate the action of a bacterial membrane protein that is a light-driven proton pump, you purify the protein and assemble it together with phospholipids into liposomes that contain an indicator dye, which is blue at high pH, colorless at neutral pH, and red at low pH. You then expose the liposomes, in an aqueous solution, to sunlight. The interior of the liposomes turn blue. Further investigatin of the proton pump protein you find that treatment of either intact bacteria or the purified protein with the protease chymotrypsin result in cleavage of the protein at a single site near the amino terminus, which destroys its capacity to pump protons. When you treat the liposomes described above with chymotrypsin, the interior of the liposomes remains colorless. From these results create a diagram of that illustrates the orientation of the pump protein in the plasma membrane of the intact bacterium and the direction in which it pumps protons. Explain your reasoning.
The lipid portion of a typical bilayer is about 3 nm thick. (a) Calculate the number of residues in an a helix that will just span this distance. (b) The epidermal growth factor receptor has a single transmem- brane helix. Find it in this partial sequence: .--RGPKIPSIATGMVGALLLLVVALGIGILFMRRRH-…
For the lipids within the bilayer that comprise the plasma membrane: O The hydrophilic ends face outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) and inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells, with hydrophobic ends buried in the center of the lipid bilayer. The hydrophobic ends face outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) and inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells, with hydrophilic ends buried in the center of the lipid bilayer. The hydrophilic ends face the outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) of the cells and the hydrophobic ends face inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells. O Hydrophobic and hydrophilic ends face outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) and inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells randomly. The hydrophobic ends face the outside (extracellular/exoplasmic face) of the cells, the hydrophilic ends face inside (cytoplasmic face) of the cells.
How does the phospholipid bilayer of a liposome differ from the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane of a cell? (a) The phospholipid bilayer of a liposome contains only phospholipids, without the proteins that are embedded in the plasma membrane of a cell. (b) The phospholipid bilayer of a liposome contains two bilayers of phospholipid molecules, whereas the plasma membrane of a cell contains only one. (c) The phospholipid bilayer of a liposome completely envelops the liposome, whereas the plasma membrane of a cell does not completely envelop the cell. (d) The phospholipid molecules in the phospholipid bilayer of a liposome are oriented with the lipid ends on the outside of the bilayer and the phosphate groups on the inside.
6:18 < BCH351_Assignment... 6.1. The graph below shows the fluidity of liposomes composed from 4 different phospholipid bilayers. Melting curve 'a' corresponds to a membrane composed of phosphatidate linked with hexadecanoate fatty acids. The melting temperature, Tm, for that membrane is indicated on the graph as a dotted vertical line. At temperatures below the Tm, the membrane becomes more gel-like and much less fluid than above the Tm. Curve b) The compositions of the other 3 liposomes are listed below (numbered 1-3). Match the liposome compositions to the different melting curves (labeled 'b', 'c' and 'd' on the graph). Explain your answers. 1) Phosphatidate composed of octadecanoate fatty acids 2) Phosphatidate composed of hexadecanoate fatty acids + cholesterol 3) Phosphatidate composed of 16:1cA³ fatty acids Curve c) 3 Curve d) Fluidity 5G UC.ll 90% a B Tm Temperature :
Liposomes used in COVID vaccines also contain phospholipids like those in the plasma membrane of human cells which mediate fusion of the two membranes. By fusion, we mean that the liposome and plasma membranes become contiguous, or become one membrane. What drives the process of fusion once the two membranes are close enough to each other?

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