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genome is the complete set of genetic information for humans. This information is located in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) which in the 23 chromosomes pairs. Both protein coding DNA and non-coding DNA make up the human genome. DNA is a nucleic acid, which is responsible for storage, expression and the transmission of genetic information. There are two types of nucleic acids, DNA which stores the genetic information, and Ribonucleic acid (RNA) which is decodes the genetic information for form a polypeptide

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the evolutionary approaches to optimization problems based on permutation encoded individuals. A new proposed recombination operator for permutation based encoding is described \cite{Chira-2012}. The proposed operator is using not only genetic information from the two parents, but from the best individual obtained up to the current generation too. Some of the most widely studied NP-hard optimization problems with many applications in domains such as logistics, planning, routing, and scheduling are

In this section, we present a brief background on security design patterns and FCA. 2.1. Security Design Patterns Christopher Alexander first introduced the concept of design patterns for use of living spaces, in his book ‘A Pattern Language’, published in 1977 [3]. The concept of a pattern was adopted by the software community in the book ‘Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software’, published in 1994 whose authors Gamma, Helm, Johnson, and Vlissides are known as the ‘Gang of

2.7.2 Formal Concept Analysis Formal Concept Analysis (FCA), also known as Galois lattice mining, is a branch of lattice theory that allows identification of meaningful groupings of objects that have common attributes (Wille, 2009; Ganter & Wille, 2012). It is a data analysis method which enables the discovery of hidden knowledge in the data in the form of concepts. Godin, Gecsei, and Pichet (1989) have demonstrated the effectiveness of using FCA for indexing and retrieval as an alternative to hierarchical

The goal is every business is to generate profits for its shareholders and to operate for the foreseeable future. For ABC Complete Kitchens, Inc., manufacturing has been the industry of choice. With the building and upcoming opening of the new plant, it is expected that a boost in productivity and profitability will follow. To be able to adequately measure how much the new plant will contribute to the overall productivity and profitability of the company, certain factors need to be taken into consideration

Ticket to Ride is a board game created by Alan R. Moon that has been growing in popularity since its first release in 2004 by Days of Wonder. The game components include a map with cities and defined train routes, sets of 45 colored, plastic train car tokens for up to five players, destination tickets, and colored train cards. The premise of the game involves collecting enough of the colored train cards to claim or build train routes to connect various major cities in the United States and southern

Complexity and Tractability The area of tractability explores problems and algorithms that can take an impossible amount of computation to solve. Tractable problems can be roughly defined as problems that can be solved in a reasonable amount of time, while intractable problems are those which take too long to solve to be useful. Finding solutions to these problems is a key problem in computer science today and has been for many years. It is also important for a computer scientist to recognise intractable

Robots are a more important part of society now then they have ever been. Issac Asimov lived in a time where robots were merely an idea, but that didn’t stop him from using this idea of a robot to represent different aspects of humanity throughout the chapters of his book I, Robot. Asimov’s book reflects on human nature and what it means to be human. Reflecting can help people to better understand themselves and the people that surround them. One part of human nature that Asimov brings up is the

Envision a plant that can support your body by giving the vast majority of the protein you have to live, help keep the irritating wheezing and sniffling of hypersensitivities, strengthen your safe framework, help you control hypertension and cholesterol, and help shield you from malignancy. Does such a "super sustenance" exist? Yes! And it 's called spirulina! Spirulina has quickly become one of my top favorite superfoods. After doing much research and discovering how powerful and potent it is