Rapid transit

Brazilian city of Curitiba has since been incorporated in other cities as TransMilenio in Bogota, Columbia; Metrovia in Guayaquil, Ecuador and the Orange Line of Los Angeles where urban transport and urban growth are incongruous. The essence of a Bus Rapid Transit hence is to improve bus operating speed and reliability on arterial streets by reducing or eliminating the various types of delay (Goodman et al, 2005). The history of public transport development in Sub-Saharan Africa differs from one country

The third article, Bus Rapid Transit Service Design, by American Public Transportation Association focuses on fare evasion and smart cards on BRT. The overall objective of BRT is to enhance transit through travel times that are faster than traditional fixed-route bus service. “While seen as a premium service, BRT should not be implemented at the expense of existing fixed-route service, but rather in a way that complements and enhances other transit services” (APTA). With buses coming every ten to

1. Introduction "A City is not an accident but the result of coherent vision and aims." - Leon Krier, The Architecture of Community India is moving towards fast paced economic growth. After India entered Open Market Operations under the leadership of Prime Minister P.V. Narsimha Rao, economic policies endured lots of opportunities for foreign direct investment further offering people new windows of employment and growth of the nation overall. In the reports of McKinsey 's India 's Urban awakening

A report published in 2008 titled Transit Co-operation Research Program (TCRP) synthesis 78– based on the survey responses provided by 94 educational institutions – revealed some facts about the transit systems in college and universities (TRB, 2008). The most of the survey respondents were from four-year universities. All of the universities indicated that they have either self-operated transit system or a public transportation office-operated transit system to serve the campus communities. The

With its modern amenities and high tech features, the new no. 7 line station at 34th street and Hudson Yards is a rare sight for New Yorkers. For the first time, subway service has finally extended to the far West Side of midtown Manhattan, luring new development in the emerging, mixed-use Hudson Yards community. According to the MTA, the new station links to 18 subway lines, essentially connecting the rest of the city to this new developing neighborhood and offering easy access to the Jacob Javits

The Ottawa Light Rail Transit Project Introduction: The roadways of Ottawa, Ontario have been become battered and congested due to the poor infrastructure of public transit. There have been many proposed temporary short term solutions for the issue such as toll roads, public transit route optimization and rapid road rehabilitation. But ultimately, the plan is to implement an expansion to the Ottawa Light Rail Transit (OLRT) system and widen Highway 417. There are many requirements in order to achieve

1 Introduction background From 2011 to 2050 it is expected that the world urban population is rise from 7.4 billion to 9 billon. Much of this will be in the cities of developing and less developing countries (World Urbanization Prospects the 2011 Revision, 2012). Therefore maximum of the development will happen in Asia and Africa. Population will be living in urban areas by 2020 and 2035 respectively. It is forecast that the world’s urban population will grow by 1.4 billion during the period of

Another Way to Understand Gentrification Introduction As urban development progressively changes people’s living behaviors, gentrification has created new urban movements for everyone to follow. It refers to the special migration in population who is seeking either a better living space and/or a better employment environment through an intra-city moving. As many studies have discovered, the future global population growth will only take place in the urban area. It is projected to be a 70% of the

in the world, such as: New York City, Tokyo and Paris, comes a exceptional transit system. Whether its is subways, buses, light rail transit (LRT) or a combination of the above, they all perform a crucial role in transporting people from one destination to the next. Since opening in 1954, Toronto’s Transit Commission, also known as the TTC, has a system that just about cover every part of Toronto, with 4 subway/rapid transit lines, 143 bus and 11 streetcar routes in 2015, (TTC, 2015). Unfortunately

efficient, accessible and feasible public transport system is needed more than ever. To overcome the above mentioned problems, most of the metropolitan cities in India are trying to streamline their transportation system so as to introduce a Mass Rapid Transit System (MRTS) as an alternative to bus