His388 Glu357 His388 Glu357 Ring opening Proton HO HO abstraction HO G6P His388 Glu357 His388 His388 Glu357 Glu357 HO HO OH ci-enediol intermediate F6P Ring closare Describe the mechanism shown above for phosphoglucose isomerase. • Describe the chemistry of each step · How the enzyme appears or might facilitate the chemistry • How the enzyme increases the reaction rate.
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- Answer the following questions based on the structure of the following peptide and the information in the attached table of enzyme activities. M-F-V-W-E-Q-A-P-S-P-L Subjecting this peptide to trypsin would result in OA Met-Phe-Val-Trp-Glu-Gin-Ala-Pro-Ser-Pro-Lys Met-Phe-Val-Trp-Glu-Gin-Ala-Pro-Ser-Pro-Leu OB. Met-Phe-Val-Trp-Glu-Gin-Arg-Pro-Ser-Pro-Leu OC. D. Met-Phe-Val-Trp-Glu-Gin-Arg and Pro-Ser-Pro-Lys O E. Met-Phe-Val-Trp and Glu-Gin-Arg-Pro-Ser-Pro-LeuThe interconverison of DHAP and GAP greatly favors the formation of DHAP at equilibirum. Yet the conversion of DHAP by triose phosphate isomerase proceeds readily. Why?If phenylalanine was not an essential amino acid, would diet therapy (the elimination of phenylalanine from the diet) for PKU work?
- Using the ActiveModel for phosphofructokinase (Trypanosoma), describe the difference between the APO1, AP02, and holoenzyme conformations.The interconversion of DHAP and GAP greatly favors the formation of DHAP at equilibrium. Yet the conversion of DHAP by triose phosphate isomerase proceeds readily. WhyIntracellular concentrations in resting muscle are as follows: fructose- 6-phosphate, 1.0 mM; fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, 10 mM; AMP, 0.1 mM; ADP, 0.5 mM; ATP, 5 mM; and P, 10 mM. Is the phosphofructokinase reac- tion in muscle more or less exergonic than under standard conditions? By how much?
- Acid phosphatases are an important group of enzymes that can be detected in human bloodserum. Under slightly acidic conditions (pH 5.0), this group of enzymes can hydrolyzebiological phosphate esters as follows:R-O-P-O3-2 + H2O -----> R-OH + HO-P-O3-2Acid phosphatases are produced and can be detected in erythrocytes, kidney, spleen, the liver,and prostrate gland. The enzyme from the prostrate gland is clinically important because anincreased activity in the blood is frequently an indication of cancer of the prostrate gland.Tartrate ion can strongly inhibit the phosphatase from the prostrate gland, but not acidphosphatases from other tissues. How can you use the information above to develop a specific procedure for measuring the activity of the acid phosphatase of the prostrate gland in humanblood serum?The large amount of energy used during aerobic exercise(e.g., running) requires large amounts of oxaloacetate.Explain why acetyl-CoA cannot be used to produceoxaloacetate in this circumstance. What is the sourceof oxaloacetate molecules during aerobic activity?The biosynthesis of vitamin D₂ is a two-step reaction, requiring two types of concerted pericyclic reactions. Draw in the arrows for each step and identify the structure of precalciferol. If an electrocyclic reaction is required, identify if it occurs through a conrotatory or disrotatory reaction. HO H H ergosterol hv precalciferol Cast HO ergocalciferol