Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The number of valence electrons found in
Concept introduction:
In an atom, the outermost shell of electrons is the valence shell and the electrons present in this shell are called as valence electrons. For any neutral atom in a group of a periodic table, the number of valence electrons is equal to its group number.
Answer to Problem 1.1P
The number of valence electrons found in
Explanation of Solution
The given atom is sodium. The electronic configuration of sodium is,
It belongs to the group (IA) of the periodic table. Therefore, it has one valence electron.
Sodium has one valence electron.
(b)
Interpretation:
The number of valence electrons found in
Concept introduction:
In an atom, the outermost shell of electrons is the valence shell and the electrons present in this shell are called as valence electrons. For any neutral atom in a group of a periodic table, the number of valence electrons is equal to its group number.
Answer to Problem 1.1P
The number of valence electrons found in
Explanation of Solution
The given atom is calcium. The electronic configuration of calcium is,
It belongs to the group (IIA) of the periodic table. Therefore, it has two valence electrons.
Calcium has two valence electrons.
(c)
Interpretation:
The number of valence electrons found in
Concept introduction:
In an atom, the outermost shell of electrons is the valence shell and the electrons present in this shell are called as valence electrons. For any neutral atom in a group of a periodic table, the number of valence electrons is equal to its group number.
Answer to Problem 1.1P
The number of valence electrons found in
Explanation of Solution
The given ion is oxide ion. The electronic configuration of
Now, the electronic configuration of
Oxygen belongs to the group (VIA) of the periodic table and with six valence electrons tends to gain two electrons to complete its octet and form the oxide ion,
The ion,
(d)
Interpretation:
The number of valence electrons found in
Concept introduction:
In an atom, the outermost shell of electrons is the valence shell and the electrons present in this shell are called as valence electrons. For any neutral atom in a group of a periodic table, the number of valence electrons is equal to its group number.
Answer to Problem 1.1P
The number of valence electrons found in
Explanation of Solution
The given ion is
Now, the electronic configuration of
Bromine belongs to the group (VIIA) of the periodic table and with seven valence electrons tends to lose an electron to form the ion,
The ion,
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
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- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning