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Introduction:
Parasitic infection is widespread in different regions. Children are more prone to parasitic attacks. Parasitic infections have been seen frequently in developing countries like Asia, and Africa. The major causes of parasitic infections are poor hygiene, living style and socioeconomic background.
Explanation of Solution
Parasitic infections are very common in developing countries. The common parasites are protozoa and helminths. The protozoan parasites include Entamoeba, Giardia intestinalis, and plasmodium and helminths are roundworms, and ectoparasites like ticks, and mites. In severe infection surgical removal is needed.
Amoebiasis is caused by E. hystolytica. It causes liver abscesses when enters the liver. Contamination occurs by contaminated food and water. Amoebiasis is treated with drugs. In severe cases such as amoebic colitis, surgery is required. This might be required when drugs are ineffective.
Helminthic infection is rampant in African children. A good example is Ascariasis caused by Ascaris lumbricoid. This parasite invades the intestine. Symptoms are malnutrition, growth retardation, and abdominal pain. In case of biliary obstruction, open surgery is required. It is for the removal of a large number of worms from the intestine and hepatic cells. The worms are extracted from the affected organelles.
Blood flukes are trematode worms. It causes schimatosomiasis. It is a chronic parasitic infection. When the worm attacks the bladder, cause carcinoma surgery can remove the parasite. In this condition, drugs fail to treat the parasitic infection.
Other diseases such as Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola gigantic, and biliary disease require surgery to extract the mass invasion. In parasitic infection prevention can avoid surgery. Good hygienic conditions, proper sanitary habits, and good food and water can stop the parasitic infection.
Parasitic infections are more frequent as they are spread by various zoonotic vectors. In severe cases, surgical removal is required to solve the pathological condition.
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Chapter 10 Solutions
Microbiology for Surgical Technologists (MindTap Course List)
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