Tutorials in Introductory Physics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780130970695
Author: Peter S. Shaffer, Lillian C. McDermott
Publisher: Addison Wesley
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 13.2, Problem 4dT
(1)
To determine
The nature of temperature, internal energy, pressure and volume of the gas in process 3
(2)
To determine
The sketch of
(3)
To determine
The work done on the gas and
(4)
To determine
Whether the answer is consistent with the first law of
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
The ideal gas law PV = nRT gives a relationship
between the pressure P in pascals (you can read
about the pressure unit pascals here if you'd like 2),
the volume V in cubic meters, n is the number of
moles of a substance present and R is Avogadro's
number (you can read about moles and Avogadro's
number here if you'd like 2 ) and T is the temperature
in Kelvins (here's some information about the Kelvin
scale) 2.
It's worth mentioning that the ideal gas law assumes
we can ignore things like the volume of individual
molecules and the attraction between particles. So if
we say something like "Pretend we have an ideal gas
in a box," we are quite literally pretending, because
there is no ideal gas! But this equation is a statement
about the relationship of units to each other, and thus
is useful for comparing quantities in an approximate
way. In practice, chemists might measure the
deviation from the ideal gas law in order to deduce
information about other properties.
The tools we developed…
An ideal gas is heated from 25.0°C to 335°C under a constant pressure of 2.81 kPa.
i.
If its initial volumeis 1.45m?, what is its final volume?
ii.
If the change in internal energy is 5.84kJ, how much heat is added to the gas?
Assume any kinetic and potential energies are negligible.
ii.
What type of a process is this?
Given:
• Energy balance on a closed system at steady state AU + AE + AE, = Q – W,
where U stands for internal energy, E for kinetic energy, E, for potential energy, Q
for heat flow and W for work done by the system.
PV = nRT, R = 8.314 = 8.314:
T(K) = T(°C) + 273.15; 1N = 1 m: 1 Pa = 1.
m³Pa
mol K
mol K
%3D
Constant P: W = P(V; - V.); Constant T: W = NRTIN
5.0g of nitrogen gas at 20° C and an initial
pressure of 2.2 atm undergo a constant-pressure
expansion until the volume has tripled.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Tutorials in Introductory Physics
Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 1aTCh. 13.1 - In the space provided, draw an arrow to indicate...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 1cTCh. 13.1 - Prob. 1dTCh. 13.1 - Prob. 1eTCh. 13.1 - Prob. 2aTCh. 13.1 - Prob. 2bTCh. 13.1 - Consider the following student dialogue. Student...Ch. 13.1 - Sketch the process described in section II on the...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 3bT
Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 4aTCh. 13.1 - A student looks up the molar masses and finds the...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 4cTCh. 13.2 - Recall the definition of work done on an object by...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 1bTCh. 13.2 - Prob. 1cTCh. 13.2 - Prob. 2aTCh. 13.2 - Does the internal energy of a gas in an insulated...Ch. 13.2 - Two students are discussing process 1: Student 1:...Ch. 13.2 - Imagine that the cylinder from section II is no...Ch. 13.2 - In process 2, is the heat transfer to the gas...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 3cTCh. 13.2 - Prob. 4aTCh. 13.2 - In process 1 (section II) you did not need to...Ch. 13.2 - In process 2 (section III) you did not need to...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 4dTCh. 13.2 - How does the compression in process 3 differ from...Ch. 13.2 - A student is considering process 3: “The...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Six thermodynamic states of the same monatomic ideal gas sample are represented in the figure. (Figure 1) Rank these states on the basis of the temperature of the gas sample in each state. Rank from largest to smallest. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them. • View Available Hint(s) Reset Help E F В A Figure 1 of 1 largest smallest F The correct ranking cannot be determined. E Submit A B Part B Complete previous part(s)arrow_forwardPart A 5.0 g of nitrogen gas at 20° C and an initial pressure of 2.2 atm undergo a constant-pressure expansion until the volume has tripled. What is the gas volume after the expansion? Express your answer with the appropriate units. • View Available Hint(s) µÀ V = Value Units Submit ▼ Part B What is the gas temperature after the expansion? Express your answer in kelvins. • View Available Hint(s) ΑΣφ T = Karrow_forwardConstants Imagine the Carnot heat engine represented by the p vs. V diagram given in (Figure 1). Part B In a real isothermal expansion, the temperature of the surroundings must be the temperature of the gas. Complete the sentence above. • View Available Hint(s) greater than less than Figure 1 of 1 Submit Part C Complete previous part(s) Part D Complete previous part(s) Isothermal Part E Complete previous part(s) Adiabatic Part F Complete previous part(s) Adiabatic Isothermal Part G Complete previous part(s)arrow_forward
- Part A A 2300 cm container holds 0.11 mol of helium How much work must be done to compress the gas to 1100 cm at constant pressure? gas at 350° C. Express your answer with the appropriate units. • View Available Hint(s) HÀ Xb X•10n Value Units %3D Submit Previous Answers X Incorrect; Try Again; 4 attempts remaining Part B 3 How much work must be done to compress the gas to 1100 cm at constant temperature? Express your answer with the appropriate units. • View Available Hint(s) HAarrow_forwardConstants I Periodic A sealed container containing 4.5 mol of gas is squeezed, changing its volume from 2.4x10-2 m3 to 1.9x10-2 m³. During this process, the temperature decreases by 6.0 K while the pressure increases by 500 Pa. Part A What was the original pressure of the gas in the container? Express your answer using two significant figures. Bν ΑΣφ ? P = Ра %3D Submit Request Answer Part B What was the original temperature of the gas in the container? 1ν ΑΣφ ? T1 = °C Submit Request Answerarrow_forwardProblem 4: An ideal diatomic gas in a cylinder near room temperature undergoes the cyclic process shown. The four steps in the process are labeled A, B, C, and D. 1 (b) P2 V2 Volume Vị For each of the steps, A, B, C, D, determine whether each of the following is positive, negative, or zero: The work done on the gas. The change in energy content of the gas. The heat added to the gas. Express answers in terms of P1, P2, V1, and V2, then determine the sign. a) Make the table below showing, for each of the four steps, the sign (+, -, or 0) of W, Q and AU. AU B D b) Compute the net heat added, the net work done, and the net change in internal energy for one complete cycle.arrow_forward
- In the text, it was shown that N/V=2.681025m3 for gas at STP. (a) Show that this quantity is equivalent to N/V=2.681019cm3, as stated. (b) About how many atoms are mere in one m3 (a cubic micrometer) at STP? (c) What does your answer to part (b) imply about the separation of Mama and molecules?arrow_forwardA cylinder measuring 8.0 cm wide and 9.5 cm high is filled with gas. The piston is pushed down with a steady force measured to be 19. N. • piston cylinder gas Calculate the pressure of the gas inside the cylinder. Write your answer in units of kilopascals. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. O kPa ?arrow_forwardProblem Statement A piston-cylinder heat engine containing a monatomic ideal gas undergoes the three processes drawn on the p-V diagram below. The gas is initially at room temperature (300 K). Determine the total work done by the gas, and the total heat flow into the gas after completing one cycle. What is the thermal efficiency of this engine? Visual Representation • Draw the pV diagram of the cycle (if not already given). Identify the type of each process. p (kPa) 3 400 200 V (cm³) 200 100 Mathematical Representation V and T at the beginning and end of each process. Determine • Calculate Q, Wby, and AEtherm for each Verify that (AEtherm)net=0. • Calculate desired quantities. p, process.arrow_forward
- Two moles of an ideal gas undergo a reversible isothermal expansion from 2.32×10-2 m³ to 4.59x10-2 mở at a temperature of 24.4 °C. Part A What is the change in entropy AS of the gas? Express your answer numerically in joules per kelvin. • View Available Hint(s) ? AS = J/K Submitarrow_forwardThe specific heat of liquid water is 4190 J/kg. K. ▼ Part A What is the molar specific heat of liquid water in J/mol. K? Give your answer as a multiple of R, rounded to the nearest half integer. Express your answer as a multiple of R to the nearest half integer. Cmol = 9 R Submit Correct Part B Previous Answers Equal moles of liquid water and helium gas are heated at constant pressure from the same initial temperature to the same final temperature. By what factor is the entropy increase of the water larger than the entropy increase of the helium? Express your answer to two significant figures. AS water ASHe Submit 17| ΑΣΦ Request Answer ?arrow_forward3P ЗРо Process 2 2Po- Po Process 1 Vo 3Vo A sealed cylinder with a movable piston contains N molecules of an ideal gas. The gas is initially in the state with pressure Po and volume 3V, shown on the graph of pressure P as a function of volume V. The gas is then taken through the two processes shown. Which of the following correctly describes the change in average speed of the molecules, if any, as the gas is taken through each process?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781938168000Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger HinrichsPublisher:OpenStax College
College Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781938168000
Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
Publisher:OpenStax College