Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393615098
Author: John W. Foster, Joan L. Slonczewski
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 15.4, Problem 1TQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The regulation of chain length of the fatty acids that are required for the formation of cell membrane.
Introduction:
Fatty acid synthesis is the formation of fatty acids by the activity of enzymes called fatty acid synthase from acetyl CoA (Coenzyme A) and NADPH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen). This process takes place inside the cytoplasm of the cell. Synthesis of a molecule, dependent on repetitive units, involves a cyclic process that continuously feeds back the component and substrates for further synthesis. The upside of the cyclic process is that a limited number of enzymes can be used to make large
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Please calculate the number of ATP that can be generated from one molecule of the fatty
acid shown below. (Please "explain" your calculation step-by-step)
ОНННННННН Н Н Н
ПТТТТТТТТТТI
но-с-с-с-с-с-с-с-с-с-с-с-с-н
| | | | | | | | |..
ННННННННН Н Н
What is the metabolic basis for the observation that many adults cannot ingest large quantities of milk without developing gastric difficulties?
What is the benefit of fiber in the diet?
Why is it advantageous that polysaccharides can have branched chains?
No animal can digest cellulose. Reconcile this statement with the fact that many animals are herbivores that depend heavily on cellulose as a food source.
What is characteristically distinct about the amino acid composition of Collagen? Why is it so tightly packed?
Chapter 15 Solutions
Microbiology: An Evolving Science (Fourth Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Explain why oleic acid (18 carbons, one cis bond) has a lower melting point than stearic acid, which has the same number of carbon atoms but is saturated. How would you expect the melting point of trans - oleic acid to compare with that of cis -oleic acid? Why might most unsaturated fatty acids in phospholipids be in the cis rather than the trans conformation?arrow_forwardWhy does increasing carbon chain length decrease water solubility for fatty acids?arrow_forwardTrans-fatty acids are synthetic forms of fatty acids made from altered unsaturated fatty acids. Trans-fatty acids are denser, solid at room temperature, and store more energy in the same unit of volume than unsaturated fatty acids. The production of trans-fatty acids involves the reorientation of one of the hydrogen atoms attached to a double-bonded car- bon atom, as illustrated in the figure below. unsaturated fatty acid OHHHHH HOC CCCC-c II I I HHHH trans-fatty acid |||| Molecular model of an unsaturated and trans-fatty acid Based on the structures shown above, H -C-C-C-C-C-H HHHHH TTTTT !!!!! HHHHH OHHHHH | ! ! ! ! ! HO-C-C-C-C-c-c IIII HHHH H HHHHH H HH III C-C-C-H I (a) Identify one property of all fatty acids. (b) Describe one of the functions of fatty acids in living systems. (c) Explain how the reorientation of the hydrogen atom as shown in the image allows the trans- fatty acids to be denser and solid at room temperature. Respond to each part in 3 to 5 complete sentences.arrow_forward
- Provide an explanation for the fact that most fatty acids are16 or 18 carbons long.arrow_forwardHow does a double bond effect the number of hydrogens found between saturated/unsaturated fatty acids? How do double bonds effect the physical properties of fatty acids?arrow_forwardCholesterol ( above below ) has a fused four – ring core and is part of body membranes. The -OH group on C-3 is the polar head, and the rest of the molecule provides the hydrophobic tail that does not fit into the zigzag packing of the hydrocarbon portion of the saturated fatty acids. Considering this structure, does cholesterol contributes to the stiffening (rigidity) or the fluidity of a membrane? Why or why not?arrow_forward
- What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids? Give an example for each type of fatty acidarrow_forwardWhich statement about the glycoprotein shown below is true? OH CH₂OH OH HN HN-C =0 CH3 H₂ Protein CH N-H Protein It contains a deoxyribose sugar that could be metabolized by human enzymes. O The monosaccharide is attached to the protein via nitrogen in a residue's a-amine. It contains a ribose sugar that could not be metabolized by human enzymes. The monosaccharide is attached to the protein via nitrogen in a residue's side chain.arrow_forwardIn a fatty acid chain, 12-26 carbon atoms present a: Long chain fatty acid Short chain fatty acid Very short chain fatty acid Medium chain fatty acidarrow_forward
- A common structural feature of membrane lipids is their amphipathic nature. For example, in phosphatidylcholine, the two fatty acid chains are hydrophobic and the phosphocholine head group is hydrophilic. Complete the table by identifying the components that serve as the hydrophobic and hydrophilic units for each membrane lipid.arrow_forwardWhich of the following about glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids is incorrect? Select one: A. Both glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids are used as component of cell membrane. OB. Glycerophospholipids have two fatty acids connected to a glycerol backbone with a phosphate polar head group. * C. Both glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids contain at least one fatty acid. D. Sphingolipids have a sphingosine backbone in which a fatty acid can be attached to C1 and a sugar can be attached to C2. E. Ceramides are the precursors of all sphingolipids.arrow_forwardhow would i calculate the amount of ATP for an odd chain fatty acid? For example 17C chainarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:PEARSON
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781259398629
Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa Stouter
Publisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9780815344322
Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
Publisher:W. W. Norton & Company
Laboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & Physiology
Biology
ISBN:9781260159363
Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, Cynthia
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.
Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)
Biology
ISBN:9781260231700
Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht
Publisher:McGraw Hill Education