Interpretation:
The difference between primary, secondary, and tertiary
Concept introduction:
Amines are nitrogen-containing organic compounds. The general formula of amines is
Answer to Problem 16.1E
In primary amines, nitrogen atom is attached to one alkyl or aryl group. In secondary amines, nitrogen atom is attached to two alkyl or aryl groups. In tertiary amines, nitrogen atom is attached to three alkyl or aryl groups.
Explanation of Solution
In primary amines, one of the hydrogen atoms of ammonia is replaced by alkyl or aryl group. The nitrogen atom is attached to one alkyl or aryl group in primary amine.
In secondary amines, two of the hydrogen atoms of ammonia are replaced by alkyl or aryl group. The nitrogen atom is attached to the two alkyl or aryl groups in secondary amine.
In tertiary amines, all hydrogen atoms of ammonia are replaced by alkyl or aryl group. The nitrogen atom is attached to three alkyl or aryl groups in tertiary amine.
In primary amines, nitrogen atom is attached to one alkyl or aryl group. In secondary amines, nitrogen atom is attached to two alkyl or aryl groups. In tertiary amines, nitrogen atom is attached to three alkyl or aryl groups.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
- Define the process of determining the Amide That Forms an Amine by Reduction ?arrow_forwardWhich of the following amines are derivatives of 2-phenylethylamine? Label the atoms of 2-phenylethylamine in those amines that contain this unit.arrow_forwardProvide the structure of a molecule that contains an amide functional group. The molecule should exhibit electron delocalization over the amide functional groups and neighbouring atom(s).arrow_forward
- Write the systematic (IUPAC) names for the amines. The names should have the format alkanamine. H,C-N-CH-CH, systematic (IUPAC) name: NH–CH, H,C-CH-CH-CH, systematic (IUPAC) name: These compounds are secondary amines.arrow_forwardWrite the chemical equation for a pentanoate ion acting as base when it reacts with hydrochloric acid (HCI). Which is formula of this rule of reaction?arrow_forwardThree amide isomers, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylacetamide, and propanamide, have respective boiling points of 153 °C (426 K), 202 °C (475 K), and 213 °C (486 K). Explain these boiling points in light of their structural formulas.arrow_forward
- Because amines are basic, they can often accept a proton. Draw the protonated structure of n-propylamine.arrow_forwardDescribe the sources of alkaloids, name some examples, and tell how their properties are typical of amines.arrow_forwardWrite the systematic (IUPAC) names for the amines. The names should have the format alkanamine. H₂C-N-CH3 H3C-CH2-CH-CH3 systematic (IUPAC) name: HC-N-CH2-CH3 HC-CH2-CH2-CH₂ systematic (IUPAC) name: These compounds are amines.arrow_forward
- The C-N distance in an amide bond is approximately 1.32 Å. A typical C-N single bond is 1.45Å, while a typical C=N double bond is 1.25 Å. Explain this observation and describe how thebonding in amides restricts the conformations amides can adopt.arrow_forwardComplete this table for different amine compounds. Chemical propylamine quaternary ammonium ion methylphenylamine Molecular formula C3H9N C₂H7N C5H13N C4H10N Structural formula (CH3)3N (CH3)2NH CH 3 I (CH₂) 11 | H3C(CH2) 11 -N-(CH₂)11CH3 NHCH3 (CH₂)11 CH3 CH3CH2CH2-NH-CH3 + Classification Tertiary Quaternary Tertiary Secondaryarrow_forwardWrite the names for the amines using the naming styles taught in the McMurry text. H2 H3C-N-C-CH3 name: H2 H2 H3C-C-Ņ-c-CH3 H name: These compounds are amines.arrow_forward
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