Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 22, Problem 37CTQ
Farmers continually rotate the crops grown in different fields to maintain nutrients in the soil. How would planting soybeans in a field the year after the field was used to grow carrots help maintain nitrogen in the soil?
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The practice of crop rotation uses nitrogen fixation to create fertile fields. First, a plant without a nitrogen-fixing relationship, such as corn, is planted. After the harvest, a nitrogen-fixing plant replaces the initial crop. Instead of harvesting the nitrogen-fixing plant, however, it is plowed under. The cycle continues in this manner. Why would nitrogen-fixing plants be plowed under instead of harvested?
a) To increases usable nitrogen in the soil.
b) To increase water retention.
c) Nitrogen-fixing plants are not a food crop.
d) To decrease bacteria in the soil.
The practice of crop rotation uses nitrogen fixation to create fertile fields. First, a plant without a nitrogen-fixing relationship, such as corn, is planted. After the harvest, a nitrogen-fixing plant replaces the initial crop. Instead of harvesting the nitrogen-fixing plant, however, it is plowed under. The cycle continues in this manner. Crop rotation would allow the farmer to reduce which of the following?
a) Planting seeds.
b) Watering the fields.
c) The use of manufactured fertilizer.
d) The burning of fossil fuels by farm equipment.
Soil microorganisms, collectively referred to as dizotrophs, fix 90% of the inert nitrogen gas to
ammonium and nitrate. There are two-main types of nitrogen-fixing bacteria: free-living (nonsymbiotic)
and mutualistic (symbiotic). Describe the mutualistic relationship between Rhizobium and legumes. What
is the advantage of using legumes as a cover crop in agricultural systems?
A point of interest is that the nitrogenase enzyme complex is highly sensitive to oxygen. This is a major
problem for free-living aerobic species such as cyanobacteria and species of the genera Azotobacter and
Beiigrinckia. Describe two ways the bacteria can overcome to levels of oxygen in their cells.
Chapter 22 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 22 - Figure 22.8 Compared to free-floating bacteria,...Ch. 22 - Figure 22.16 Which of the following statements is...Ch. 22 - Figure 22.19 Which of the following statements...Ch. 22 - The first forms of life on Earth were thought to...Ch. 22 - Microbial mats. are the earliest forms of life on...Ch. 22 - The first organisms that oxygenated the atmosphere...Ch. 22 - Halophiles are organisms that require a salt...Ch. 22 - Many of the first prokaryotes to be cultured in a...Ch. 22 - The presence of a membrane-enclosed nucleus is a...Ch. 22 - Which of the following consist of prokaryotic...
Ch. 22 - The cell wall is ___________ . interior to the...Ch. 22 - Organisms most likely to be found in extreme...Ch. 22 - Prokaryotes stain as Gram-positive or Gramnegative...Ch. 22 - Pseudopeptidoglycan is a characteristic of the...Ch. 22 - The lipopolysaccharide layer (LPS) is a...Ch. 22 - Which of the following elements is not a...Ch. 22 - Prokaryotes that obtain their energy from chemical...Ch. 22 - Ammonification is the process by which. ammonia is...Ch. 22 - Plants use carbon dioxide from the air and are...Ch. 22 - Cyanobacteria harness energy from the sun through...Ch. 22 - A disease that is constantly present in a...Ch. 22 - Which of the statements about biofilms is...Ch. 22 - Which of these statements is true? An antibiotic...Ch. 22 - A person in England arrives at a medical clinic...Ch. 22 - MRSA has emerged as a serious infectious disease,...Ch. 22 - Which of these occurs through symbiotic nitrogen...Ch. 22 - Synthetic compounds found in an organism but not...Ch. 22 - Bioremediation includes. the use of prokaryotes...Ch. 22 - In addition to providing yogurt with its unique...Ch. 22 - Describe briefly how you would detect the presence...Ch. 22 - Why do scientists believe that the first organisms...Ch. 22 - A new bacterial species is discovered and...Ch. 22 - Mention three differences between bacteria and...Ch. 22 - Explain the statement that both types, bacteria...Ch. 22 - A scientist isolates a new species of prokaryote...Ch. 22 - Think about the conditions (temperature, light,...Ch. 22 - Farmers continually rotate the crops grown in...Ch. 22 - Imagine a region of soil became contaminated,...Ch. 22 - Explain the reason why the imprudent and excessive...Ch. 22 - Researchers have discovered that washing spinach...Ch. 22 - Your friend believes that prokaryotes are always...Ch. 22 - Many people use antimicrobial soap to kill...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In New York, farmers typically have a 3 year crop rotation of corn – soybeans – green manure. A) explain one reason crop rotation is important in farming B) explain what green manure is and why a grower would use it as part of their rotation schedulearrow_forwardMicronutrient deficiency is, or may be:Group of answer choices A.) pH dependent B.) affected by excess macro and secondary nutrients. C.) Is not as typical in acidic soil environments as in alkaline soil environments. D.) All of the abovearrow_forwardWhy is nitrogen fixation so energetically costly?arrow_forward
- Soil could be deficient in any of the following nutrients. If you had to supply one of these to the soil, which would be required in the smallest amount? Nitrogen 2. Potassium 3. Phosphorus 4. Sulfur 5. Ironarrow_forwardThere is a general statement that "organic matter content of Pakistani soil is low" ,why?arrow_forwardFarmers sometimes plant clovers or other legumes in fields during seasons when they are not growing crops. When a crop-planting season approaches, the “cover crop” is plowed under. Explain how this procedure enhances soil fertility.arrow_forward
- What is meant by legumes, and similar plants, “fixing “ nitrogen in soil?arrow_forwardSoil could be deficient in any of the following nutrients. If you had to supply one of these to the soil, which would be required in the smallest amount? Potassium Sulfur Phosphorus Nitrogen Ironarrow_forward- Situation 3: Irrigation was used when soil moisture dropped to 1%. a. If irrigation begins when soil moisture reaches 49%, what application of nitrogen will result in the lowest percentage of protein in wheat grain? b. If irrigation begins when soil moisture reaches 34%, what application of nitrogen will result in the same protein content of wheat grain as begin- ning irrigation when soil moisture reaches 1%? c. If you irrigate when soil moisture reaches 34%, how much nitrogen should you apply to achieve a 13% protein content in wheat grain? d. Does Figure 1.45 indicate that, for nitrogen levels at 45 pounds per acre or higher, increased protein content in wheat grain is associated with higher or lower soil moisture? 14 1% 13+ 34% 12 49% 11+ 10- 6, 40 60 80 100 120 140 Nitrogen FIGURE 1.45 Protein content versus availability of nitrogen % Protein 20arrow_forward
- you have isolated a Bacillus species and would like to test its plant growth promoting abilities. other than nitrogen fixation and ACC deaminase production, discuss three other traits that you would look for and their significance in promoting plant growth.arrow_forwardWhy is the Nitrogen content of Fertilizers so important?arrow_forward. Why was it necessary to make sure that chemicals could not movethrough the soil from one plant to the next?arrow_forward
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