Concept explainers
To write: The distinction between tube foot and ampulla.
Introduction: Echinoderms are deuterostomes which represent a significant transition in animal phylogeny. Echinoderms are aquatic mammals, and are the only species to have a deuterosome development and an endoskeleton in evolutionary history.
Explanation of Solution
Tube feet are thin, muscular, fluid-filled tubes which end up in suction-cup-like structures and are used in motion, food gathering, and respiration.
A muscular membrane, or ampulla, is the opposite end of the tube foot. When the muscles in the ampulla contract, water is pushed into the tube foot, and it grows.
Thus, it concludes that ampulla is connected to the surface by the suction-cup-like device at the end of the tube foot. This hydraulic suction causes all echinoderms to move and others like sea stars to exert a force that is powerful enough to break mollusk shells.
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Chapter 27 Solutions
Biology Illinois Edition (Glencoe Science)
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