Biological Science (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780134678320
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Greg Podgorski, Emily Taylor, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 36, Problem 2TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The nutrient concentration is low in the soil surrounding the plant roots. The nutrients are imported into the plants against the concentration gradient by pumping of protons to the extracellular space for transport process to occur.
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Water transport from roots to leaves occurs by
a. evaporation, tension, and cohesion
b. a pressure gradient inside sieve tubes
c. the pumping force of xylem vessels
d. different solutes at source and sink regions
Which of the following is/are true?
I. A measure of how much water is present in comparison with the solute molecules in the same volume of solution known as diffusion gradient
II. The region found above the region of cell division can be seen in different young roots because of the presence of numerous root hairs that increase absorption.
III. The meristematic region is has cells that elongate several times their original length and push the root tip through the soil.
IV. The meristematic region is the growing apex of the root
When absorption of water by the roots fails to keep up with the rate of transpiration, gain in turgor occurs, and the stomata close.
A. Agree, because the transpiration occurs faster than root absorption.
D. Disagree, because the condition should be when root absorption is able to keep up with transpiration, then stomates close.
B. Disagree, because under this condition, the turgor pressure decreases and the stomates close.
C. Agree, because increase in turgor pressure under this condition, closes the stomates.
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- (3) a. b. The characteristics of water molecules to maintain a continuous column of water is: a. Root pressure b. Transpiration C. d. Forces Cohesion - Addison The reason for my answer is because : a. Releasing water as water vapors b. A pressure excreted by root through root system C. Releasing water from tips of leaves as liquid d. Interaction among water molecules and adsorption of water molecules to walls of xylem vesselsarrow_forwardThe process of bulk flow transports fluids in a plant. What are the two main bulk flow processes? * A. Movement of water up the xylem and movement of solutes up and down the phloem B. Movement of water up the phloem and movement of solutes up and down the xylem C. Movement of water up and down the xylem and movement of solutes up the phloem D. Movement of solutes up the xylem and movement of water up and down the phloem E. Movement of solutes down the phloem and movement of water up and down the xylem F. Movement of solutes down the phloem and movement of water up the xylemarrow_forward(4) a. Which one of the following process is responsible for carrying water to the leaves of a tall plant through xylem vessels : a. Transpiration pull b. Root pressure c. b. Absorption through roots Euron The reason for my answer is: a. Due to a force of moving water upward through xylem vessels b. Deficiency of water in the xylem C. Due to a upward pressure exerted by roots d. Removal of water from the leaves and fill that deficiencyarrow_forward
- According to the pressure-flow model, sugar is actively transported into phloem anda. enters xylem, where it is moved toward the leaves due to transpiration.b. creates pressure to move water toward the roots.c. is transported out of the leaves through stomata.d. water follows by osmosis, providing pressure that moves the water and sugar through the phloem.arrow_forwardWhat role do cohesion and adhesion play in xylem transport?a. Like transpiration, they create a tension.b. Like root pressure, they create a positive pressure.c. Like sugars, they cause water to enter xylem.d. They create a continuous water column in xylem.e. All of these are correct.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is/are false? A. Water is actively transported from source cells into companion cells. B. The transport of sucrose into the Osieve tube elements increases water potential in the phloem. C. The transport of water from the xylem into the phloem increases the O pressure which forces the sucrose water mixture down towards the sink. D. Transpiration cause the water to O move up to the leaves through the vessel elements. E. A and B F. B and Carrow_forward
- A Vhet do we call the structures found on the root epidermis that increase the plant's capacity absorb water? d) Briefly explain how the structures you mentioned in c) increase the plant's capacity to absort water. e) Complete the table below: Transport method for water Transport method for (passive / active?) Root Tissue minerals (passive/activ Epidermis: Active Cortex: Active Endodermis: Active Xylem:arrow_forwardWhich of the following pathways best summarizes the route of a mineral that isabsorbed by a plant? a. Root hairs → epidermis → cortex → endodermis → pericycle → xylem b. Root hairs → epidermis → endodermis → cortex → xylem c. Root hairs → pericycle → endodermis → cortex → xylem d. Root hairs → endodermis → cortex → pericycle → xylemarrow_forwardCan you answer this question with both parts a. How does plant growth respond to gravity in stems vs. roots? b. How is gravitropism controlled during root growth?arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is inaccurate?a. Water that evaporates from leaves is ultimately replaced by water diffusing from the xylem.b. Xylem transports water up the plant while phloem transports carbohydrates throughout the plant.c. Water movement in the xylem is largely due to the pressure-flow hypothesis.d. Water movement across membranes is often due to differences in solute concentrations.arrow_forwardDescribe how water and minerals move in xylem. Why is water and mineral movement in xylem unidirectional?arrow_forward
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