Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134089089
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Seth Shostak
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 8RQ
What do we mean by the tree of life? List three important ideas that we learn from the tree and that differ from older ideas about biology.
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Which of the following seems least reasonable regarding life on Earth?
Group of answer choices
There is much scientific evidence suggesting that all creatures living on Earth today appear to have evolved from a common ancestor.
Louis Pasteur discredited the concept of spontaneous generation by demonstrating that even bacteria and other microorganisms arise from parents resembling themselves.
There is ample physical evidence that the earliest life forms on Earth were multicellular creatures, perhaps resembling some of our primitive fish.
When the earth formed some 4.6 billion years ago, it was a lifeless, inhospitable place.
Before the mid-17th century, most people believed that God had created humankind and other higher organisms and that insects, frogs, and other small creatures could arise spontaneously in mud or decaying matter
About billion years into its development, the Earth it was teeming with organisms resembling blue-green algae.
Which of the following statements about the "tree of life" is correct?
Before Carl Woese, all cellular life forms were classified into five kingdoms: Monera, Fungi, Plants, Animals, and Protists.
Using rRNA genes for phylogenetic reconstruction, Carl Woese uncovered a previously unrecognized group that was thought to be bacteria. Afterward, all cellular life forms were classified into three domains: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya.
It is found that the relationship among Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya changes, depending on which gene was used for phylogenetic reconstruction.
All of the above
Put in order the organization levels for life:
Organs→
- Organisms Populations
:: Tissues
:: Ecosystems
: Organ systems
: Cells
: Communities
1 2 3
4
5
6
7
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Life in the Universe (4th Edition)
Ch. 5 - Briefly describe the six key properties that...Ch. 5 - What is natural selection? Summarize the logic by...Ch. 5 - Briefly describe the evidence that points to a...Ch. 5 - Why do we say that living cells are carbon-based?...Ch. 5 - Briefly describe each of the four main classes of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 6RQCh. 5 - What are the three domains of life? Which domain...Ch. 5 - What do we mean by the tree of life? List three...Ch. 5 - What is metabolism, and what are the two basic...Ch. 5 - Why is water so important to life on Earth? List...
Ch. 5 - Describe the double helix structure of DNA. How...Ch. 5 - What is a gene? A genome? The genetic code?Ch. 5 - What are mutations, and what effects can they...Ch. 5 - What are extremophiles? Give several examples of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 15RQCh. 5 - Explain how evolution exhibits each of the three...Ch. 5 - Suppose we found an organism on Earth with the...Ch. 5 - Suppose we found an organism on Earth with the...Ch. 5 - Suppose we found an organism on Earth with the...Ch. 5 - Suppose we found an organism on Earth with the...Ch. 5 - Suppose we found an organism on Earth with the...Ch. 5 - Suppose we found an organism on Earth with the...Ch. 5 - Suppose we found an organism on Earth with the...Ch. 5 - Suppose we found an organism on Earth with the...Ch. 5 - Suppose we found an organism on Earth with the...Ch. 5 - Suppose we found an organism on Earth with the...Ch. 5 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 5 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 5 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. 5 - An organisms heredity is encoded in (a) DNA; (b)...Ch. 5 - Prob. 31TYUCh. 5 - Which of the following is not a source of energy...Ch. 5 - People belong to domain (a) eukarya; (b) archaea;...Ch. 5 - Which of the following mutations would you expect...Ch. 5 - Generally speaking, an extremophile is an organism...Ch. 5 - Based on what you have learned in this chapter, it...Ch. 5 - The History of Evolution. Many people assume that...Ch. 5 - Prob. 38POSCh. 5 - Rock Life? How do you know that a rock is not...Ch. 5 - Genetic Variation. One of the underlying facts...Ch. 5 - Artificial Selection. Suppose you lived hundreds...Ch. 5 - Prob. 43IFCh. 5 - Dominant Life. While most of us tend to think of...Ch. 5 - The Human Power to Destroy. We may have the...Ch. 5 - The Search for Life. Based on what you have...Ch. 5 - Prob. 47IFCh. 5 - Atomic Numbers in Life. A typical bacterium has a...Ch. 5 - Oxygen Atoms in People. Figure 5.6 shows that...Ch. 5 - Cellular Energy. A typical eukaryotic cell, such...Ch. 5 - The Genetic Code. Suppose that, as evidence...Ch. 5 - Science and Religion. Science and religion are...Ch. 5 - Computer Life. Although scientists have already...Ch. 5 - Genetic Engineering and Future Evolution. For...Ch. 5 - Prob. 55IF
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- How can we apply the principles of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection in our everyday life?arrow_forwardWhat are the advantages to using radio waves for communication between civilizations that live around different stars? List as many as you can.arrow_forwardWhy are we limited to finding life on planets orbiting other stars to situations where the biosphere has created planet-scale changes?arrow_forward
- In this chapter, we identify these characteristic properties of life: life extracts energy from its environment, and has a means of encoding and replicating information in order to make faithful copies of itself. Does this definition fully capture what we think of as “life”? How might our definition be biased by our terrestrial environment?arrow_forwardWhat are the three requirements that scientists believe an environment needs to supply life with in order to be considered habitable?arrow_forwardIf we do find life on Mars, what might be some ways to check whether it formed separately from Earth life, or whether exchanges of material between the two planets meant that the two forms of life have a common origin?arrow_forward
- If you represent Earths history by a line that is 1 m long, how long a segment would represent the 400 million years since life first moved onto the land? How long a segment would represent the 4-millionyear history of humanoid life?arrow_forwardA radio broadcast left Earth in 1911. How far in light years has it traveled? If there is, on average, 1 star system per 400 cubic light years, how many star systems has this broadcast reached? Assume that the fraction of these star systems that have planets is 0.50 and that, in a given planetary system, the average number of planets that have orbited in the habitable zone for 4 billion years is 0.20. How many possible planets with life could have heard this signal?arrow_forwardWhich statements best describe natural selection?arrow_forward
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