Concept explainers
The ABO blood groups in humans are expressed as the
a. multiple alleles and incomplete dominance
b. codominance and incomplete dominance
c. incomplete dominance only
d. multiple alleles and codominance
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- Consider two blood polymorphisms that humans have in addition to the ABO system. Two alleles LM and LN determine the M, N, and MN blood groups. The dominant allele R of a different gene causes a person to have the Rh+ (rhesus positive) phenotype, whereas the homozygote for r is Rh− (rhesus negative). Two men took a paternity dispute to court, each claiming three children to be his own. The blood groups of the men, the children, and their mother were as follows:From this evidence, can the paternity of the children be established?arrow_forwardHuman ABO blood type is controlled by the I locus and has three possible alleles. The alleles which code for type A blood (IA) and type B blood (1³) are codominant, while the allele for type O blood (i) is recessive. In a cross between a person with a genotype of lªi and a person with genotype I³i, what is the probability of having three offspring with type 0 blood? O 1/4 O 1/32 O 1/64 O 1/8 O 1/16arrow_forwardA woman who has blood type A positive has a daughter who is type O positive and a son who is type B negative. Rh positive is a trait that shows simple dominance over Rh negative and is designated by the alleles R and r, respectively. A third gene for the MN blood group has co dominant alleles M and N. If both children are of blood type M in addition to their ABO blood type, list all of the possible parental phenotypes for the ABO, MN and Rh traits.arrow_forward
- A man who has type O blood has a child with a woman who has type A blood. The woman's mother has type AB blood and her father, type B. What is the probability that the child has type A blood? O 0% O 75% O 100% 50% O 25%arrow_forwardIn the ABO blood group, type A has three subtypes with an order of dominance shown as A 1> A 2> A 3 What are the genotypes of each subtype? (Make sure the alleles are big and clear enough to show the superscripts.)arrow_forwardBlood types in humans are caused by a combination of two of three possible alleles - IA, IB, and i. The i allele is recessive and individuals homozygous for this allele have blood types O. Blood type A may be due to either homozygous condition or the IA i Blood type AB is caused by having a copy of both the IA and IB alleles. Rh factor is another “marker” on human red blood cells and is either positive (dominant—RR or Rr) or negative (recessive—rr). Franks has blood type A-negative. Frank’s father is B-positive and his mother is AB-positive. Frank marries Susan, a woman that is B-positive. Susan’s mother is A-negative and her father is AB-positive. Give the genotype of all of the individuals mentioned above. b. Give the genotypes and phenotypes of the possible offspring from this marriagearrow_forward
- In human blood types, Rh positive is a trait that shows simple dominance over Rh negative. A woman who has blood type A positive has a daughter who is type O positive and a son who is type B negative. Which of the following phenotypes is possible for the father? O negative AB negative A negative B positivearrow_forwardA group of people are studiedd with made up blood types AZ blood group which is a blood type controlled by a single gene with two loci. Indivuals in this group may be “D” ( = that their homozygous for the “D” allele) “Z” = homozygous for the “z” allele. *DZ= Heterzygous ** Total Number of people with each type 102 people have D type blood 96 have blood type DZ 31 people in this group have type “Z” QUESTION Now please calculate the allele frequencies of “D”and “Z” In doing so use variable “P”= to represent “D” allele And “q”= to represent “Z” allele Calculate the genotype frequencies expected in the population based of the q and p frequencies you calculate. A)frequency of the “Z” allele in the population ________ B)Frequency of the “D” allele in the populations__________ C)A number of expected individuals with the “DD” genotype in the population? __________ D) NUMBER OF EXPECTED INDIVIDUALS WITH THE “ZZ” GENOTYPE IN THE POPULATION?_______ E) A NUMBER OF EXPECTED…arrow_forwardIn humans the ABO blood system is controlled by multiple alleles. Allele Ia produces antigen A, alleles Ib produces antigen B, and allele i produces no antigen. The hierarchy of dominance is Ia = Ib> i. QUESTION Two children are born in a hospital, both in group 0. The nurses confuse the children and now they do not know who the parents are. They call you to solve this situation: With the following information, tell which partner is each child. Explain your answer considering the phenotype and genotype of the parents. Couple 1 - Mr. A heterozygous and Mrs. AB Couple 2 - Mr. A heterozygous and Mrs. B heterozygous.arrow_forward
- In cardinals, a dominant allele R is required for red feathers (r = colorless). In addition, the dominant allele I (of an unlinked gene. is an inhibitor of color (birds with an I allele are colorless; I overrides the effects of R). If a true breeding red cardinal mates with a colorless female (genotype = r/r; I/I): a) What would be the genotype of the F1 progeny? b) What would be the phenotype of the F1 progeny? c) If the F1 progeny are selfed, what is the expected colorless:red ratio among the progeny?arrow_forwardA married couple, both with blood type AB are both carriers of the Bombay trait, are about to have a child. What is the probability that it will have each of these blood types? Туре AB A Barrow_forwardTTGG ttgg F1 TG tg F2 TtGg Which types of genotypes are represented in F1 and F2 in the above figure, respectively? heterozygous and heterozygous heterozygous and homozygous homozygous and heterozygous homozygous and homozygousarrow_forward
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