A Brief Note On The Internal Revenue Service

Confidentiality is the protection of information from unauthorized access. This is the assurance that information provided has not been made known to unauthorized persons, processes or devices. The application of this security service suggests information labeling and need-to-know imperatives are core aspects of the system security policy. Information, in today’s world, has value and everyone has information they wish to keep secret. Information such as credit card details, trade secrets, personal information, government documents, and many more. It was stated (Securitas Operandi™, 2008) that, we are bound to keep many secrets – corporate, staff, and personal secrets. We must keep this confidential information under wraps and earn the trust of employers, colleagues, and regulators every day. Mechanisms to enforce this include cryptography, which is, encrypting and decrypting data, access controls such as

The IRS has a long history of enforcing various form of taxes and a variety of regulation in the United States of America. In fact, federal agencies such as the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms began as part of the IRS before separation onto its own agency. Below is a brief timeline of the origins of the IRS and subsequent events that transformed it into the agency it is today:

Another step involves security checks upon implementation and describes agency-level threat to the business scenario or the mission. It similarly entails sanctioning the information system for processing and lastly constant monitoring of the security controls. FISMA and NIST's standards are aimed at offering the ways for agencies to achieve their identified missions with safety commensurate with the threat (United States Department of Agriculture, 2015). Together with guidelines from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), FISMA and NIST create a framework for advancing and growing an information security scheme (SecureIT, 2008). Such framework includes control descriptions and evaluation, program development, and system certification and accreditation. The final objective involves conducting daily functioning of the agency and achieving the agency's articulated objectives with sufficient security commensurate with risk.

Ensuring the security of organizational and employee information is vital for any organization. Security misfortune can be damaging to the organization and the affected employees. In the case of Huffman Trucking information stored in the database includes names, social security numbers, and personal employee information used for the Benefits Election System. The cost of loss of such information typically results in the same outcome - the loss of financial resources or the harm to one's information. In an effort to

The purpose of this paper is to review State of Maryland information security program documentation and to determine the security standards used to create the program in order to protect confidentiality, integrity and availability of agency operations, organizational assets or individuals which is the main agenda of State of Maryland Department of information technology. We will also discuss about other standards that can be useful for the State of Maryland Information technology and compare and contrast the standards.

My clients, Charlene and Alton Dutro, have lived in their home for two and one-half years. However, the Dutros choose to remodel and enlarge their house. Consequently, their architect cautioned that increasingly strict building and permit restrictions had been in effect since a decade ago when the house was built. As a result, the Dutros decided to demolish their house and rebuild on the property. They did not reside in the house but instead sold it and realized a gain of over $500,000. For calculation on their Federal income tax return, the Dutros reduced the realized gain that exceeded the $500,000 by the $500,000 exclusion of § 121. The IRS issued an income tax deficiency notice because they noted that the Dutros did not satisfy the two-out-of-five years requirement under § 121 (a). Consequently, the present issue is to determine who is correct in this situation. Therefore, I must ascertain if the Dutros satisfied this requirement under § 121 (a).

The 501(c)3 tax code specifically for organizations that are reserved for educational institutions, churches or other nonprofit organizations including what is often deemed as charitable (Lavarda, 2009). There are two main reasons that an organization will seek to attain a tax-exempt status with the federal government through the Internal Revenue Services (IRS). First, is to provide for their beneficiaries a tax-deductible contribution, which allows taxpayers benefits when paying their federal income taxes and secondly, simply is for organizations the ability to not pay federal income taxes (Lavarda, 2009; Arnsberger, Ludlum, Riley, & Statnton, 2008). Organizations who seek out the tax-exempt status do benefit from the protection that the tax code provides, however due to tax code regulations and reform, organizations that do not heed to the code may be in jeopardy of violating the code. This violation will result in the IRS revoking the tax-exempt status. For emerging organizations that are on the cusp of defining their affiliations in society must determine if applying for tax-exemption status is a profitable move. Due to the scrutiny of these organizations and such organizations must take into account the liability that comes with the tax exemption status. The liability is not one that an organization can take lightly, if an organization does gain tax-exemption status and then later fails to abide by the regulations, the risk is simple; the revocation of the

The Internal Revenue Service provides five different tax filing statuses to choose from when filing individual tax returns:

to distort the original intent Congress had when Section 7704 was added to the Internal Revenue Code.

Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA) is a U.S. federal law for Information Security, enacted in December 2002, with the intent to protect government information against any natural or man-made threats. It is also referred to as Title III of the E-Government Act. This law would want each and every federal agency to document, develop and implement an agency-wide program to provide Information Security for the Information Systems that support the operations and assets of the agency. This act requires chief Information officers and the head of each agency to conduct annual reviews of Information security programs and submit the results to OMB. The purpose of conducting reviews

2. ROLES & RESPONSIBITIES: .The E-Government Act of 2002 requires federal agencies to provide mandatory periodic security awareness training and accepted computer security practices for anyone involved with management, use, operation or access to federal information or information systems. VA requires the completion of initial training before obtaining access to information or information systems and annual refresher training thereafter to retain access privileges. The Facility Chief Information Officer (FCIO) is responsible for safeguarding the Automated Information Systems (AIS) assets under his/her management control, Information Security Officer (ISO), Office of Information Technology (OIT), VistA Staff, and TELECOM Staff, and including those shared with other VA organizations.

Title III of the E-Government Act, entitled the Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA) requires each federal agency to develop, document, and implement an agency-wide program to provide information security for the information and systems that support the operations and assets of the agency, including those provided or managed by another agency, contractor, or other sources (Staff, 2016). FISMA was amended by The Federal Information Security Modernization Act of 2014. The amendment was established to modernize the Federal security practices to focus on security concerns. The results of these changes will strengthen continuous monitoring, continue focusing on agency compliance, and report on issues caused by security incidents. FISMA, Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 and the Information Technology Management Reform Act of 1996 (Clinger-Cohen Act), clearly highlights the plans for a cost-effective security program. In support of and reinforcing this legislation, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) through Circular A-130, “Managing Federal Information as a Strategic Resource,”1 requires executive agencies within the federal government to:

Drafters of the Internal Revenue Code provided adjustments to the basis of partnership property as a consequence to the sale or exchange of a partnership interest, including transfer of such an interest on the death of a partner provided the partnership made an election or the partnership has a substantial built-in loss. Absent a basis adjustment, the incoming/transferee partner will be taxed on the same gain when realized by the partnership if the interest transferred had appreciated. The selling/transferor partner will recognize gain the sale regardless of consequences to the remaining partners and partnership. Likewise if the partnership interest depreciated, the transferor partner would recognize a loss on the sale, and the

The Stakeholders are individuals or groups, inside or outside of the organization, encouraging, directly or ramblingly of the success of the team (Palmer, Dunford, & Akin, 2009, p.146). Charles Rossotti took leadership at the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) in 1997 as commissioner to amid complaints of abuse of workers and taxpayers (Riccucci, Rainey, & Thompson, 2006, p.596). Rossotti supervised the establishments and the stakeholders of IRS. The primary stakeholders in the transformation of the IRS are the internal stakeholders meaning the employees such as the tax preparators. In additional the external stakeholders are the customers identified as the taxpayers. Rossotti’s determination was to show to the Congress that the employees and the

Information security is the protection of information against accidental or malicious disclosure, modification or destruction. Information is an important, valuable asset of IDI which must be managed with care. All information has a value to IDI. However, not all of this information has an equal value or requires the same level of protection. Access controls are put in place to protect information by controlling who has the rights to use different information resources and by guarding against unauthorised use. Formal procedures must control how access to information is granted and how such access is changed. This policy also mandates a standard for the creation of strong passwords, their protection and frequency of change.