Chicken Child Attachment

Along with knowing the purpose of quality daycare/child care facilities, the next important factor is to be aware of what generates a high quality daycare/child care facility. It is vital to know the characteristics because these prime objectives are the driving forces influenced by what children need in order to succeed and grow in their developmental skills. Fundamentally, “High quality [preschool] education can support early development in ways that yield long term social, cognitive and emotional benefits” (Barnett 2005, p1). The most essential aspect of a high quality facility are the trained, certified and attentive teachers hired to support children’s developmental needs. They ensure this by respectful interaction,

Infant attachment is the first relationship a child experiences and is crucial to the child’s survival (BOOK). A mother’s response to her child will yield either a secure bond or insecurity with the infant. Parents who respond “more sensitively and responsively to the child’s distress” establish a secure bond faster than “parents of insecure children”. (Attachment and Emotion, page 475) The quality of the attachment has “profound implications for the child’s feelings of security and capacity to form trusting relationships” (Book). Simply stated, a positive early attachment will likely yield positive physical, socio-emotional, and cognitive development for the child. (BOOK)

Infant-toddler centers are about more than just feeding, changing and sleeping. There are many reasons why quality infant-toddler care and education are vital to children’s healthy development and learning. 61% of children are in childcare at a time where the brain is developing based on their environment (Laureate Education, 2008). Quality care promotes peer relationships by giving infants and toddlers access to environments and opportunities for socialization, problem-solving, empathy building, sharing, and relating (Gonzalez-Mena & Widmeyer Eyer, 2015). We also meet the needs of infants and toddlers cognitive, language, and social and emotional development through being relationships and responsive caregivers.

The birth of Attachment theory began when Harlow realized that by studying the rhesus monkey you learn more about human behavior than by studying rats—Harlow believed that you could not test humans well because of the fact that it leads to ethical and scientific dilemmas. Therefore, with these notions in mind, he set out to find his hypothesis and disprove the dominating theories of his time—no easy task. Harlow poised his hypothesis on the fact that when you remove all social contact from the rhesus monkey they then start to develop psychopathology—as Harlow would say, “that this just goes to show that one can not have a psychosis unless there is a psychiatrist around to diagnose it” (Suomi, Horst, and Veer 359). Thus, his meaning was that social

Maher Ridley, McWilliam, and Oates (2000) conducted a mixed method research study that investigated the quality of childcare programs based on engagement. The engagement was defined as the amount of time children spent interacting with the environment that included adults, peers, or materials in a developmentally and contextually appropriate manner. There were 46 toddler classrooms and 12 preschool classrooms; 30 of those classrooms

According to the learning theory, the young monkeys should have become attached to the 'mother' associated with food and offering drive reduction. In fact, the monkeys spent most time with the cloth-covered mother and would cling to it especially when they were frightened. These studies suggest that 'cupboard love' is not likely to be an explanation for attachment, though we must remember that this research concerned monkeys and it may not be wholly appropriate to generalise the findings to human behaviour. Schaffer and Emerson (1964) conducted an important study observing the development of attachments in 60 infants who came largely from working-class homes in Glasgow.

“Researchers have claimed that good communication between staff and parents (as well as good communication between staff) is a prerequisite for high-quality care and education of young children; that it positively influences children's cognitive and social development, increasing their educational success, and that it contributes to good relations between children and between staff and children”. (Mac Naughton,) The physical, social, and emotional environments welcome and support with variety of activities, different kinds of books, color, and words that shows express of pictures. The environment shows that the simple rules, routine, and expectation for the early childhood program for families and children. Every children have a different rates of grows and develop through an environments but they will, like, interest, or something important to them (Housand, 2012). The environment connect with physical, social, emotional through pictures that allow the families and children the challenge, curiosity, control, and competition their diverse characteristics and

8. Bowlby developed the attachment theory. He defined his theory as a “lasting psychological connectedness between human beings.” Bowlby believed that suggests infants are “biologically predisposed to form attachments with primary caregivers in early life.” The infant's means of attachment aids the infant in feeling more safe, secure and “increases their likelihood of survival.” Caregivers are a secure base. Harlow proposed the idea of contact comfort. The idea of contact comfort was shown with the rhesus monkey experiment. The monkeys were given two surrogate mothers, one of cloth and one of wire. Because of the cloths comfort, monkeys were most likely to be attached to that “mother”, even if the other “mother” of only wire was providing food. Harlow also concluded that if a monkey was isolated from their mother for a prolonged period of time that the monkey would show autistic characteristics. Ainsworth’s also made discoveries of her own when

Mary Ainsworth is known today as “The Mother of the Attachment Theory”, and it is by no fluke that she earned this title. In 1969, the British psychologist took on the studies of John Bowlby consisting of infant humans and their attachment styles towards their caregiver. While Bowlby already had his own theories, Ainsworth took his ideas and ran with them. She developed a study known as the “Strange Situation.” During this experiment, she took infants ranging from 12-24 months and categorized them according to their reaction to a stressful situation.

A few of characteristics of High-quality programs according to the NAEYC include, promote positive relationships for all children and adults, promote the nutrition and health of children and staff, and employ and support qualified teaching staff. These are just some of the requirements for high quality programs. Unfortunately, even with the NAEYC, the United States still faces a problem with poor-quality child-care centers. Roberta Berns in the book, Child, Family, School, Community, describes some of the causes of low quality of child care. These include, “high caregiver turnover, low wages and lack of benefits, and different state requirements for child-care facilities and teachers”. (Berns 2016) These are just some of the setbacks that contribute to poor-quality child

Harlow didn't stop there, this only made him more curious, so he gave them no choice between the mothers. He found that monkeys who had a soft contact and relationship with the cloth mother resulted in the infant behaving differently than those who developed a relationship with the wire mother. The cloth mother's infants benefitted in positive emotional attachment by the soft feeling of the cloth which provided security and reassurance to the infants. The cloth mother's infants also clung to her when they were scared and calmed down quickly. While the wire mother's infants did not go to her and took a while to calm themselves down. The outcomes to this experiment were groundbreaking. Harlow proved that a mother's love toward their infant was emotional, rather than physiological, which differed from past research. "Nurturing ones infant was found a far more determining factor in the healthy psychological development" of the infants than the biological nature between a mother and their infant ("Adoption"). He also proved that attachment between a mother and infant in the early stages of life was critical and crucial to the positive development of their relationship and the infant's well-being. These both were considered huge progresses and

While there are “people” around the world working in childcare centers that serve as poor role models whom are only there for the paycheck, there are amazing human service workers that serve as teachers that have a significant impact as a role model to provide appropriate skills needed for social and cognitive development to last a lifetime. In an article from the Early Childhood Education Journal (2013) the author states that “Quality teacher-child interactions in early childhood classrooms have repeatedly been paired with positive, emotional, behavioral and cognitive outcomes for children” (Thomason & La Paro, 2013). Indeed, a caregiver whom has a sincere, warm, and understanding heart will be more effective in teaching and will have more of an impact on how and what

These characteristics are well demonstrated in Mary Ainsworth’s experiment of the “strange situation.” Researcher Chris Fraley describes the study as, “a group of 12 month-old infants and their parents are brought in to the laboratory and, systematically separated from and reunited with one another.” Approximately 58 percent of the children demonstrated characteristics of secure attachment. When the parent left the room the child displayed signs of distress with a need to be close to the attachment figure. When the parent returned to the room, the child eagerly approached

Harry Harlow and Margaret Harlow, Fox (1986), conducted one of the most disturbing psychological experiments of all time; in my opinion. Their experimentation was of separating Rhesus monkey babies from their mothers. The results of this experiment was to show that the need for closeness and affection goes far deeper than the need for warmth and nourishment. (pp.102-106). According to Bowlby (1969/1982), in Attachment Theory, Loss and Trauma “when an infant is exposed to a situation evoking fear, the infant turns to a caregiver as a source of comfort”. What happens when the caregiver is not present or has not got the skills of nurturing or containment? Bion (1962), states that a baby whose distress cannot be contained, receives back his unprocessed, projections in the shape of the

Since the beginning of my professional career (2009) I have devoted most of my research time to Early child care research. I have published two articles on this topic – this year in the Journal of Human Resources (with D.Filmer, K.Macours and S.Naudeau) and in 2015 in the Economic of Education Review (alone) – and I am currently conducting as a Principal Investigator two other randomized controlled trials in Cambodia (with D.Filmer and J.Berkes) and in Egypt (with M.Frölich, R.Magally and B.Stingler).