Development and sustainability
Borgese (1995) defined the basic meaning of the term sustainable development as that of
“Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”
The UN development goals were set out on 25th of September 2015 to be achieved by 2030, originally 17 goals were set out to cover a wide range of issues such as environmental, political, social that were aimed to make changing sustainability internationally achievable.
Out of the 17 goals, I believe that goal 14 is one goal that will become ever more important and the issues raised will need to be resolved in the coming years. Goal 14 ‘Life below water’ set out to conserve & sustainably use the oceans, sea and marine resources for sustainable development. The goal set out to achieve reduced pollution of human land based activities such as oil spills. Also, to protect marine and coastal ecosystems this will strengthen the resilience and making healthy productive oceans. Also, to minimise the impacts of ocean acidification. Effectively regulate harvesting of the oceans, to end overfishing and illegal and unregulated fishing. To restore the fish stocks in the shortest time possible. Also, to increase scientific knowledge, and implement international laws to increase the economic benefits to small developing island communities.
Another problem that countries will have to deal with in the near future will be the pollution that is caused by human
A group of adolescents sitting inside an internet café are discussing their local newscast website’s trending topics. All though sustainable development has been a topic of discussion for years, some teenagers are not aware of it. Ordinarily relatively knowledgeable about diverse subjects, Ron interrogated the group for responses about sustainable development. To which, Ami acknowledges ignorance of the subject. Though not completely knowledgeable about sustainable development, Dena communicated observation of people conversing about sustainable development, noting that some were louder and more passionate than others about it. After locating the definition of sustainable development electronically Jenny chimed in, this 1987 United Nations report states, sustainable development refers to a type of development, stating that it will ensure that it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (as cited in Aikins, 2014). Of course, this definition did not satisfy their inquisitive minds, so they decided to further their investigation of sustainable development. Hayden and Theo heard the group talking about sustainable development and expressed their desire and willingness to assist them with researching the subject. After a brief thought, the group unanimously welcomed Hayden and Theo to join them. Shortly after joining the group, Theo presented the others with an article about sustainable development which also
The most commonly used definition of sustainable development is still that given in the report of the World Commission on Environment and Development (1987), i.e. sustainable development is ‘a process to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.’ Sustainable development is therefore about creating a better life for all people in ways that will be as viable in the future as they are at present. In other words, sustainable development is based on principles of sound husbandry of the world’s resources, and on equity in the way those resources are used and in the way in which the benefits obtained from them are distributed (Making Tourism More Sustainable, 2005).
Although thought to be “not a big problem” and “under control” by most people, pollution is making its way in being a serious and an unforgiving threat to society. Pollution a topic everyone hears and knows exists. What they don’t know is how serious of a problem it is already becoming. Many health issues are being reported now that are linked to air pollution and even the most severe weather places have encountered are linked to air pollution also. By society, not fully being aware of the true threat that pollution is making, it will only become a growing threat that they will be encountering.
In 2000, the UN General Assembly, in order to promote environmental sustainability, established global goals with specific targets that would address sustainable development, healthcare developments and reduce poverty. Those
When I was five years old I began school. In Kindergarden we learned basic things like letters, numbers, and how not to be fully engulfed in flames. For some reason, 2004 was the height of anti-fire education in Missouri and before I knew how to tie my shoes I knew that if I ever was ablaze, to cover my face, fall to my knees, and roll back and fourth. This is what my institution placed serious value upon and because I was a student of that institution I also placed serious value upon it. The same idea must be applied to a university's teaching of environmental sustainability. This is discussed in David Orr's "What is Education For?" Through choosing a curriculum a university chooses what it places value onto, by making the environment a priority it showcases to the future generations that environmental wellness is an important responsibility for them to take ownership.
Humans are the main cause of Pollution. But we can’t exactly blame ourselves for it, I think that where ever there is progress there will be pollution. Pollution is unacceptable and has to be stopped, if we don't do it for ourselves then we
1. The United Nations targets for ocean sustainability are measurable when looking at 14.1, 14.2, 14.3, 14.4, 14.5 and 14.6. This is due to that fact that the United Nations is able to create a base level in order to look at the major contributors to these issues this can be then simplified as these contributors are the human population. For example, when look at target 14.3 which deals with the eminent of fossil fuels, fossil fuels are cause by production run by humans. Allowing humans to have control over how many fossil fuels they want to eminent on a daily basis. Another example of a target that can be measurable is 14.4 as it deals with the issue of over fishing and the use of fish stocks. This target is measurable as The United Nations is able to measure fish stocks and will be able to measure them ten years from now to see if the laws put in place are positively affecting our worlds oceans. They will be able to check the harvest growth pattern that the fish stocks provide in order to catch illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing. There are however targets under The Unites Nations goal that are not measurable this can be seen when looking at targets 14.7,14. a,14. b and 14.c. I believe that these goals are unable to be measured due to that fact for example in 14.7 there is no quantification in dollars or percentages as it is looking at economic benefits of developing states. When looking at the other targets they are to general and have no specific goal (i.e. date)
The objective of each target is to indicate action oriented procedures and measurability. I consider target 12.1 and 12.7 to be measurable because you can determine the number of countries actively engaged in SCP. The engagement can be seen through national policy, action plans or corresponding activities linked to sustainable development (Bioregional, 2015). Target 12.2 is difficult to measure because it requires a multitude of calculations, some of which include: carbon footprint, domestic material input and domestic material consumption (Bioregional, 2015). Target 12.3 is unquestionably quantifiable due to its specificity regarding the amount of per capita global food waste being reduced. Target 12.4 can be measured using data concerning the amount of chemicals found within water, soil and food agriculture produced every year as well as the number of reports on management for those in agreed relations (Bioregional, 2015). Target 12.5 remains unclear and immeasurable based on lack of definition. The use of the term “substantially” does not give any feedback about quantity, but rather pose the question, by how much? Target 12.6 is similar to 12.1; it can be measured by the number of companies publishing reports (Bioregional, 2015). Target 12.8 presents as unrealistic, however it can be measured through surveys or key words searched online. The results will be inaccurate because not all parts of the world have access to Internet. Target 12.a can be measured through the
Sustainability is a topic that has become very important in recent years. Sustainability is defined as, “the ability to continue a defined behavior indefinitely.” ("Finding and Resolving the Root Causes of the Sustainability Problem", 2014)
The majority of the targets for the Sustainable Development Goal of conserving ocean and marine resources were measurable and can be attained through sensible efforts and dedication. However, targets 14.1 and 14.2 were not as fully measurable as others due to vague execution methods for addressing the issue in concern. To further explain, target 14.1 has a measurable target of reducing pollution, but does not further elaborate on how to do so. Furthermore, target 14.2 addresses the measurable requirement to protect oceanic and marine ecosystems, yet the approaches to solving the problem included “strengthening their resilience, and taking action…”, which appear to sound vague and immeasurable (UNSDKP). Therefore, a good approach to dealing with these issues is to educate and raise awareness to the public about the harmful consequences of polluting the ocean. Moreover, targets 14.3 and 14.4 were substantially more measurable and addressed a direct, realistic solution to the issues. These targets discuss ocean acidification and overfishing respectively, both being measurable since acidity levels and fish population can be measured overtime. The direct solution to both issues is scientific cooperation, where a scientific approach is most likely able to resolve these matters. Likewise targets 14.5 and 14.6 are measurable because land area and subsidies can be quantified. Target 14.7 is not only a measurable target, but also rewarding. Firstly, economic benefits are measurable
The goals above, which are recognized as measureable, are already being recorded. Goal 12.3, dealing with cutting food waste is already being measured all over the globe, including which phase of the food supply chain most food is being wasted. In higher income countries, consumers waste more where as in lower income countries food tends to be wasted in production CITATION Gus11 l 1033 (Gustavsson, Cederberg, & Sonesson, 2011). Goal 12.4, relating to sound management of chemicals, is also being recorded. This goal is usually recorded on a more local basis, dealing with pollution within a certain area or body of water. This is documented within developed and developing countries, for example, there was a case study done on “Behavior
To develop and renew the urban infrastructure is a great challenge in 21th century. In Chengdu, the air quality is always terrible, which can cause some problems of citizens’ health and many cities in China have a inefficient transport system that cause large-scale traffic jam at the peak time. Chinese cities are covered with grey polluted haze and annoying voice from cars. All these problems are from the insufficient urban infrastructures. It is obvious that the necessity of improving, regenerating and advancing urban infrastructure is shown. Restoring and improving urban infrastructure is a vital way to improve the quality of citizens’ lives in cities. Environmental, financial and transport problems are the main challenges of regenerating and advancing urban infrastructure, which can be solved by government intervention and environmentally friendly strategies.
Views on Sustainable Development with Specific Reference to Sub-Saharan Africa Allen (1980) puts forward his definition of sustainable development as "development that is likely to achieve lasting satisfaction of human needs and improvement of the quality of human life. " The important phrase to consider in this definition is "likely to achieve". This concept in theory can be effective and implemented successfully, however we can critically discuss the concept in terms of what and who is to be involved, with relevance to the world that we live in today. Certain requirements have to be reached by all, such as commitment from both developed and developing countries. Is it possible to effectively
As of the 2015, while the attainment of the goals remain dubious and doubtful much progress has been made by very few countries, while others are still straggling as empty promises of a better tomorrow (Bartlett, 2017, p.1).
The concept of sustainable development has become a major topic among intellectuals from various fields. Sustainable development has gone through various changes in its definitions and at present does not have a commonly accepted definition. The origination of the concept of sustainable development is debatable. In 1974 at a conference on Science and Technology for Human Development by the World Council of Churches the concept of a “sustainable society” is believed to have been first noted. This early concept focused on equitable distribution of scarce resources and the need for democratic decision making. In 1980 the currently used term of sustainable development emerged in the