Chapeter1 Introduction
1.1 Background
As a company, customer mentality is important for them to affect the volume of business. Brand loyalty is one of related issues of customer purchasing choices. FOONG YEE and YAHYAH (2008) stated that many companies, especially those in the sportswear industry try to enhance brand loyalty among their customers.
Nowadays, public can notice that there are several companies have a big marketing share in the world obviously, such as Nike, Adidas, Puma etc. These brands seem dominated the sportswear market and earned the favor of consumers. In contrary, the competitiveness of small companies is low. Their scale is not big enough to compare with renowned brand, those companies are insufficient and being exploited indirectly.
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Those factors were influenced consumers' brand loyalty towards certain sportswear brands.
2.3.1 Brand Name There are many unfamiliar brand names and alternatives available in the market, but consumers may prefer to trust major famous brand names. Famous brand names can disseminate product benefits and lead to higher recall of advertised benefits than non-famous brand names (Keller, 2003). This is important for brands, which have only minor physical differences and consumed in a social setting where the brand can create a visible image about the consumer itself.
2.3.2 Price According to Cadogan and Foster (2000), price is probably the most important consideration for the average consumers. Price serves as the stronger loyalty driver. In addition, consumers' satisfaction can be built by comparing price with perceived costs and values. Consumers with high brand loyalty are willing to pay a premium price for their favored brand, if the perceived value of the product are greater than cost.
2.3.3 Product
Thus, companies seek to strengthen customer loyalty. Brand loyalty is considered to tilt the consumer to purchase the package / product specific brand (Jacoby and Chestnut, 1978). Later, Oliver (1997) defined loyalty as "a deeply held commitment to REBUY or repatronize preferred product / service consistently in the future, thereby causing repetitive same-brand or same brand set purchasing, despite situational influences and marketing activities, which would result in causing switching behavior "(p. 34). This conceptual definition covers two different aspects of loyalty: the behavioral. This is consistent with an integrated conceptual framework proposed by Dick and Basu (1994), that customer loyalty is regarded as a "power relationship between the relative position of the individual and repeat
Consumers always base their decisions on price. The price of an item is important as it can influence consumers to purchase the product or not. If a product is out of their price range most people aren’t likely to purchase the product unless
Simplified brand loyalty describes a status in which consumers determine their selves in; out of it they become committed to a brand. Thereby they continue purchasing products or services of a specific brand. At this point consumers rather spent more money on a product of a specific brand than buying from multiple suppliers within the same category. Mainly brand loyalty is a result of consumer’s behavior, which is enforced through a company’s measurements regarding branding. Branding is a process that a company runs through in order to establish a new brand. The ambition here is to strengthen a unique name and image for a product in
Brand equity is an important key to produce customer loyalty. It is a powerful factor in winning market share. It helps an organization or a brand to grow and defend market share. A brand with strong and positive image and productivity has the ability in driving stable customer loyalty. Customer loyalty is the combination of consistently positive consumption experience, perceived value of experience and also physical satisfaction towards products and services. Consumers always have a positive view on the brand they are supporting the most. Customer is a major key for a brand to success, therefore
Primarily the loyalty is based on perception, not tangible evidence. Here we can see how important brand equity and positioning can be to a product that is otherwise probably on par with many of its competitors, but the message conveyed by the brand is quite different.
(Kay, 2013) Even though this might be the case, "there is point at which customers will begin to question the value of the product if the price is too high." (Market Pricing: Psychological Method, 2014) This shows how effective pricing can be in determining quality of a product to a certain degree. One study found that buyers are less likely to compare price and quality when the buyer does not purchase the item frequently. (Dodds, Monroe, & Grewal, 1991) This research shows that sometimes price does not affect how the buyer thinks if the buyer knows information about the product. On the other hand, it was found that a buyer who is less familiar with a product may compare brands instead of relying on price. (Dodds, Monroe, & Grewal, 1991) Hence the frequency of a certain purchase affected the way the person purchased an item versus just the price. Furthermore, pricing can affect the way that consumers think about what to buy when making purchases but not in all cases.
In addition, several empirical findings have confirmed that a favorable image (i.e. brand, store/retail) will lead to loyalty (e.g. Koo, 2003; Kandampully&Suhartanto, 2000; Nguyen & LeBlanc, 1998), brand equity (Faircloth, Capella, & Alford, 2001; Biel, 1992; Aaker, 1991; Keller, 1993), purchase behavior (Hsieh et al., 2004) and brand performance (Roth, 1995).
characteristics of the setting in which the consumer consumes the service as well as everything that the
Text Exchange is a small online/smart phone textbook company. Their primary objective is to provide college students with the opportunity to buy and sell textbooks with the least amount of hassle as possible. They would like to gain market share as well as become a major player in the textbook sales/exchange industry. Currently there are two primary outlets to purchase textbooks: college book retailers and online book stores. There are many competitors in the textbook market and brand loyalty is difficult to overcome so we believe by having a product that differentiates itself from the others, we can really shine through. We have a highly motivated work force and an innovative idea. The price of the books sold
The importance of price has been ignored until recent years, since then, many researches have been done in order to show the relationship between the price and customer satisfaction.
Investigate how the three variables (i.e. similarity, overload, Uncertainty) affect consumer’s decision postponement and brand loyalty, concerning low involvement products. A conceptual framework based on consumer behavior – and consumer confusion literature, was utilized to form six hypotheses predicting the causality between the different variables. After validating and adapting the space to data gathered through a survey, regarding Indian Population purchasing habits of Biscuits, 2 standard multiple regressions revealed that one hypothesis was supported; overload confusion proneness decreases brand loyalty in a low involvement product category. All implications were then discussed from Practitioners and researchers points of view, concluding with possible limitations and further research.
sales income, all the others are costs to the organization to achieve this goal. The price of an item is clearly an important aspect of the value of regarding sales. In theory, price is really determined by the discovery of what customers perceive is the value of the item or service for sale (Pride & Ferrell, 2016). Researching consumers' opinions about pricing is important, as it indicates how they value what they are looking for as well as the average amount rendered for the product. For example, researchers’ Lamaism, Khalifa, and Frink, stated “comparison shopping along with paying cheaper prices and the possibility of “saving time” were an
Brand loyalty is the target of all marketers. It is the product of a psychological contract between the brand and the consumer (Helicon, 2016). Loyalty consists of positive attitudes and preferences for brands leading to their consistent repurchase. Brand loyalty is an avenue for companies to develop long-term relationships with customers. As the cost of advertising has dramatically increased in recent years, marketers are increasingly turning to pricing and price related promotions as a means of influencing purchasing decisions by consumers (Krishnamurthi, 1991). While pricing has a significant impact, consumer preference is often a very difficult barrier to overcome even
The term “Brand Loyalty” also called as “Customer Loyalty” has been in the business industry since a very long time as a model to be used in conducting business. But it wasn’t until the mid to late 1900’s that the term was actually given its due importance by making it a vital part of advertising and marketing. The concept of marketing evolved substantially from being focused on sales of a product to having Customer satisfaction to be its focal point. Studies further revealed that there was a positive correlation between customer satisfaction and Brand Loyalty.
Price – Price is also important because company should set the price according to the quality of their product and to achieve the target of sales they must set the price which can beat all of their competitors who are selling the similar products. Customer must get the value for his money.