Introduction
Doubtlessly, it is very simple to understand why sustainability is important: our worldwide future depends on it. This concept is established on the following interdependent issues: fossil fuel consumption, climate change due to CO2 emissions, and the rising costs of energy and water (Sustainable Housing Foundation, n.d, para. 1).
According to International Institute for Sustainable Development (n.d), “sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” (para. 1). This notion was created in 1992 by Bruntland Report for the World Commission on Environment and Development.
There is no universal definition on what sustainable
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It is one of the Four Asian Tigers, as it is a highly developed country with a free-market, and it is well known as one of the “world’s most business-friendly regulatory environment” (The World Bank, 2016, para. 1), while having strict local regulations and laws (BBC, 2016, para. 1).
Historical Context
Singapore is the world’s fastest growing economy, it recently reached a per capita GDP of US $60,000, but only 50 years ago the figures were drastically different and its GDP per capita was only US $320. Its ascension is remarkable, especially when considering its lack of territory and natural resources. Its economic development is a result of Singapore’s open-mind to globalization, free market capitalism, high level of education, and strict policies (Zhou, 2016, para. 1)
Singapore’s advances towards globalization started happening in the 1960s with the creation of the Jurong Industrial Estate, an industrial town built in a vast land not far from the Singapore Harbour (Jurong GRC, 2016, para. 3), and the establishment of the Singapore Economic Development Board (EDB) with the purpose to attract international investors to Singapore (Singapore Economic Development Board, 2015, para. 1). These were the mark of a new industrialized Singapore (Singapore Economic Development Board, 2016, para. 3).
Many actions took place to connect Singapore to the developed world, in order to attract multinational companies to manufacture there. For the same reason,
Concerning their merchandise trade, the country is doing well in manufacturing, but in that same respect exports and imports are very low and this may be contributing to their negotiating skills at the WTO. The country’s share of the world’s exports and imports are far below that of the industry’s trade leaders, therefore at Singapore’s contribution to the WTO’s budget is 2% as of 2015. With their commercial services trade it’s the same scenario as with merchandise trade, there is very little activity in exports and imports affairs, but this may be due to Singapore’s geographical location which may limit property available for industrial use. Overall, there is an opportunity for growth in Singapore if they do a better job of negating their current trade policies and increase their tariff binding coverage. Efficiency is the key for Singapore with its limited resources.
The term sustainability is one that been conceptualized since the early civilizations of humans inhabited the earth. During those primative times, everything that allowed civilizations to thrive came from the earth. Humans during those times were more more in touch with their reliance on the environment. In today's society, the reliance on our natural environment seems much further away due to our insulation from modern conveniences. Nevertheless, this conception could not be further from the truth; we are more reliant now on the world's renewable resources than ever before.
Economic wealth :Singapore is one of the richest countries in the world because they reserved of natural gas
For instances, Singapore is East Asia’s economic powerhouse. Singapore accumulates 55,182.48 in gross domestic product for the year 2013, that is slightly more than the United States brought in 2013. Their economy is mainly supported by shipping out machinery, goods, chemicals and mineral fuels, etc. Singapore gets many visitors due to its impressive machinery and transport systems that have been improving
The word sustainability has been defined ‘as the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their needs’ (Mansdorf, 2010).
Sustainability is of vital importance because anything we decide to do as a society will definitely have positively or negatively impact on the natural environment. When unsustainable action continues, they can harm the human existence by creating greenhouse gases that causes climate change, depleting natural resources that are needed for future energy and infrastructure, and polluting the air, soil, and water on which humans depends on for existence. We must change the way we procure materials, construct infrastructure and conduct our daily activates in other for these impacts to reduce (FHWA 2013). The benefits of sustainability in road maintenance as recognized by Kirkup and Allen (2015) are listed
It is also easy for many other companies to set up headquarter in Singapore as their starting point in Asia to make it possible to reach to its market point. In addition, Singapore is unique in different lifestyles and culture. It is also known for its capability of attracting sizable foreign investment, pro-business environment and entrepreneurs. Singapore focuses more on a knowledge based economy which can be seen in its education sysem. Furthermore, Singapore is located in the heart of Asia and it plays an important role in international
My research will be based on Political, Economic, and Social Organization of Singapore—an industrialist city-state. Even though Singapore 's history dates from the 11th century, the island was little known to the West until the 19th century. Singapore is one of the World 's largest ports, because the city of Singapore has become a major port, with trade exceeding that of Malaya 's, Malacca and Penang combined. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 and the advent of steamships launched an era of prosperity for Singapore as transit trade expanded throughout Southeast Asia (Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs, 2010). Singapore is a very
Singapore has a highly developed market which has historically revolved around extensive exports trade, in other words an export driven economy hugely dependant on export of goods to other countries.
With foreign manufacturing industry entering Singapore market the manufacturing sector and its share in GDP grew from 16.6% in 1965 to nearly 30 % in 1980 and in 1993 manufacturing contributed to about 28 % of the total GDP and accounted for nearly 28% of employment. Singapore’s GDP raise to 13 times between 1960 and 1999. The nation has shown greatly decrease of figure of poverty. (United Nations 2000)
However, the development of Singapore’s society cannot be predicated on pure economics alone. Even though globalization has enabled Singapore to fare well in economic development, however, termed the perils of success, globalization has brought about undesirable
Singapore has a capitalised mixed economy. Having strong international trade links, Singapore possesses one of the most open economies for international trade and investment. Singapore offers foreign investors a pro-business environment, excellent infrastructure, highly-skilled and cosmopolitan labour force, and a robust legal/judicial system. These competitive factors have set Singapore apart from other locations, winning several accolades including: §
The Republic of Singapore celebrated its 42 years of independence in year 2007. Situated at the southern tip of Malaysia, Singapore currently holds a population of 4.68 million as of June 2007. At 704.0km2, it is ranked 4th in the world for its population density. During the past four decades, the economy as measured by real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), multiplied by over 20 times (Ghesquiere, 2007, p.11). As a small and extremely open economy, Singapore long term survival is very much dependent on the ability to maintain its viable position and remain afloat in the sea of global competition (Mun Heng et al, 1998, p.14).
According to Hofstede’s cultural dimension, we can know that Singapore has some characters: Low IDV Low UAI Besides, there are more and more overseas migrants in Singapore. In 2010, the proportion of Singaporeans to overseas immigrants is 3:1. And income per capital in Singapore is around USD$37,000, which means that the average consumption expenditure of Singaporean was powerful. High proportion of immigrant High consumption power 1.2 Red Bull
The concept of sustainable development has become a major topic among intellectuals from various fields. Sustainable development has gone through various changes in its definitions and at present does not have a commonly accepted definition. The origination of the concept of sustainable development is debatable. In 1974 at a conference on Science and Technology for Human Development by the World Council of Churches the concept of a “sustainable society” is believed to have been first noted. This early concept focused on equitable distribution of scarce resources and the need for democratic decision making. In 1980 the currently used term of sustainable development emerged in the