Recent study suggests a genetic link between gender dysphoria in transgender women and sex-hormone signaling genes [1]. How confident would you be in their research if they only studied 60 individuals? Would you change your view if you knew they studied 724 individuals? How about if they increased their subjects to 10,000 individuals? Explain
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Recent study suggests a genetic link between gender dysphoria in transgender women and sex-hormone signaling genes [1]. How confident would you be in their research if they only studied 60 individuals? Would you change your view if you knew they studied 724 individuals? How about if they increased their subjects to 10,000 individuals? Explain
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- A researcher reads a news report about a high prevalence of diabetes among children residing in under resourced neighborhoods. The researcher wants to conduct a study to understand risk factors for diabetes in this population. They design a randomized controlled trial where children will be assigned to one group in which they are given 8 glasses of sugar sweetened beverages (SSB) per day (treatment group) and one group in which they are given 8 glasses of water per day (control group). The researcher goes to elementary schools in under resourced neighborhoods and approaches children as they are leaving the campus to tell they they have to participate in the study. The students are not told anything about the potential risks or benefits of study participation and are not compensated for being in the study. Drinking 8 glasses of water per day is known to be better for health compared to drinking 8 glasses of SSB per day. Because one treatment is already known to be more…Monozygotic twins: Question 2 options: a) Share 50% of their genetic material and if one twin has schizophrenia the risk of the other having the illness if 40-50% b) Share 100% of their genetic material and if one twin has schizophrenia, the risk of the other having schizophrenia is 10-15% c) Share 100% of their genetic material and if one twin has schizophrenia, the risk of the other having schizophrenia is 40-50% d) Share 50% of their genetic material and if one twin has schizophrenia the risk of the other having the illness is 10-15%A migraine is a particularly painful type of headache, which patients sometimes wish to treat with acupuncture. To determine whether acupuncture relieves migraine pain, researchers conducted a randomized controlled study where 89 females diagnosed with migraine headaches were randomly assigned to one of two groups: treatment or control. 43 patients in the treatment group received acupuncture that is specifically designed to treat migraines. 46 patients in the control group received placebo acupuncture (needle insertion at non-acupoint locations). 24 hours after patients received acupuncture, they were asked if they were pain free. Results are summarized in the contingency table below (Allais, 2011). (round answers to 2 decimal places) Pain Free: Pain Free: Total Yes No Treatment 10 33 43 Control 2 44 46 Total 12 77 89
- The relationship between use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) during peri-and post menopause periods and breast cancer was explored in a study involving 400 breast cancer cases and 800 non-cases. In this study it was found that 198 cases and 250 of controls had confirm that they used HRT. Calculated the population attributable risk of use of HRT on breast cancer and explain in words the meaning of such finding, make sure all calculation are revealed. What do you think about the classification of HRT use in this way could this invites error?From the diagram: 1. Is A responding variable? 2. Is B manipulated variable? 3. Is C controlled variable OR constant? * This diagram all I'm given for this question; there is no clarifications on what A,B,C are pointing to...Researchers are very interested in studying identical twins separated at birth and raised apart. So far, data suggests that such twins are more alike than researchers predicted; they frequently have similar personalities, mannerisms, habits, and interests. What general questions do you think researchers hope to answer by studying such twins? Why do identical twins make good subjects for this research? What abuses might occur if the studies are not evaluated critically and if the results are carelessly cited to support a social agenda?
- The following are reasons why randomized control trials (RCTs) are not used to investigate all research questions, except: a. RCTs can be expensive, which can make it difficult if funding is limited b. RCTs can be time-consuming, and it may take months and sometimes years to obtain final results c. For certain research questions and/or certain types of exposure variables, it may not be ethical to conduct an RCT d. RCTs are less valid than observational analytical study designsPeople on a medicine for arthritis report they are getting fewer headaches. You decide to see if this arthritis medicine really also helps cure headaches. Your experiment will include 30 people who report they get headaches every single day. 10 people were placed into each group and the medication was given to each group as indicated below. At the end of the day, people in each of the groups were asked if they had a headache that day. Identify the: a. Independent variable b. Dependent variable c. Standardized variableResearchers are starting to feel pretty confident that daily alcohol consumption is CAUSALLY linked with liver cancer. What do you think is the most important other Hill’s criterion that researchers would like to have that would make them feel even more strongly about causality in this relationship?
- The confidence interval is reported as follows: Lower 95% CI < p < Upper 95% CI For this question you will be calculating the confidence interval but only reporting the Upper 95% CI using the Agresti-Coull Method. ( (you'll need to know the whole 95% CI for a future question) Do NOT use calculations from previous questions, this is a new scenario. In the Invisible Gorilla Experiment, 24 students were watching the video, only 7 noticed the gorilla. Calculate the 95% CI using the Agresti-Coull method, but only report the Upper 95% CI. Report your answer to 3 decimals.The pesticide DDT was widely used in the 1940s as a method of insect control. In the late 1950s the first DDT-resistant mosquitoes were discovered, and eventually DDT-resistant mosquitoes were found globally. When DDT is used now, the development of DDT resistance in mosquito populations occurs in months rather than years.Which of the following best explains the observations concerning DDT resistance in mosquitoes? * nd 2 school The proportion of DDT-resistant mosquitoes in a population remains constant due to the metabolic costs of DDT utilization DDT is a chemical signal that delays normal reproductive cycles in many mosquito populations. Natural selection favors DDT-resistant mosquitoes that are already present in a population when DDT exposure occurs. Competition for limited resources causes mosquitoes to migrate to geographical areas that have richer supplies of DDT. A population of 1.492 finches is introduced to a rainforest. Over the next year, the finches showa death rate of…The pesticide DDT was widely used in the 1940s as a method of insect control. In the late 1950s the first DDT-resistant mosquitoes were discovered, and eventually DDT-resistant mosquitoes were found globally. When DDT is used now, the development of DDT resistance in mosquito populations occurs in months rather than years.Which of the following best explains the observations concerning DDT resistance in mosquitoes?* nd 2 chool The proportion of DDT-resistant mosquitoes in a population remains constant due to O the metabolic costs of DDT utilization DDT is a chemical signal that delays normal reproductive cycles in many mosquito populations. Natural selection favors DDT-resistant mosquitoes that are already present in a population when DDT exposure occurs. Competition for limited resources causes mosquitoes to migrate to geographical areas that have richer supplies of DDT. A population of 1.492 finches is intróduced to a rainforest. Over the next year, the finches show a death rate of…