The use of transistors in the construction of RAM and ROM leads me to believe that there is no need for cache memory. The term "temporary storage" may also be thought of as "random access memory" (RAM) that is momentarily vacant. Imagine a machine that only had one kind of memory—is it even possible?
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The use of transistors in the construction of RAM and ROM leads me to believe that there is no need for cache memory.
The term "temporary storage" may also be thought of as "random access memory" (RAM) that is momentarily vacant. Imagine a machine that only had one kind of memory—is it even possible?
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- If a microprocessor has a cycle time of 0.5 nanoseconds, what’s the processor clock rate? If the fetch cycle is 40% of the processor cycle time, what memory access speed is required to implement load operations with zero wait states and load operations with two wait states?Suppose the RAM for a certain computer has 256M words, where each word is 16 bits long. a. What is the capacity of this memory expressed in bytes? b. If this RAM is byte addressable, how many bits must an address contain? c. If this RAM is word addressable, how many bits must an address contain?Please answer all the following questions. 1. In a hypothetical computer, the processor has four registers: an 8-bit Program Counter (PC), a 16-bit Accumulator (AC), a 16-bit Counter (CTR), and a 12-bit Pointer (PTR). The memory is divided into words each of which is 16-bit long. Each word can hold either an instruction or a piece of data. For each instruction X, the four most significant bits (denoted by X15-12) represent an opcode. The rest of the instruction (denoted by X11-0) can be either an address or a value of an operand. The table below explains some of the instructions supported by the processor. Opcode (binary) 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 Operation Load AC from a memory location whose address is X11-0. Store AC into a memory location whose address is X11-0. Add to AC the contents of a memory location whose address is the value of PTR. The result is saved to AC. 1100 Subtract from AC the contents of a memory location whose address is the value…
- A digital computer has a memory unit with 24 bits per word. The instruction set consists of 150 different operations. All instructions have an operation code part (opcode) and an address part (allowing for only one address). Each instruction is stored in one word ofmemory.a. How many bits are needed for the opcode?b. How many bits are left for the address part of the instruction?c. What is the maximum allowable size for memory?d. What is the largest unsigned binary number that can be accommodated in one word of memory?You have been contrated to design a memory system for a computer. Assuming the processor has 32 address lines, determine the number of 32 MB memories that can be placed (without overlapping) in the memory space of a processor.If random access memory (RAM) and cache memory (both of which are comprised of transistors), then what is the function of cache memory? Do we need several different forms of memory, or can we get by with only one?
- The eight great ideas in computer architecture are similar to ideas from other fields. Match the eight ideas from computer architecture, “Design for Moore’s Law”, “Use Abstraction to Simplify Design”, “Make the Common Case Fast”, “Performance via Parallelism”, “Performance via Pipelining”, “Performance via Prediction”, “Hierarchy of Memories”, and “Dependability via Redundancy” to the following ideas from other fields: a. Assembly lines in automobile manufacturing b. Suspension bridge cables c. Aircraft and marine navigation systems that incorporate Wind information d. Express elevators in buildings e. Library reserve desk f. Increasing the gate area on a CMOS transistor to decrease its switching time g. Adding electromagnetic aircraft catapults (which are electrically-powered as opposed to current steam-powered models), allowed by the increased power generation off ered by the new reactor technology h. Building self-driving cars whose control systems partially rely on existing sensor…Design a memory for 16 bit microprocessor the memory should be 512*8 using 128*8 RAM and ROM.( your computer should have of RAM and ROM)?In general terms, CPUs are able to manipulate one or two pieces of data at a time. For instance, most CPUs have an instruction that essentially says "add A to B and put the result in C". The data for A, B and C could be—in theory at least—encoded directly into the instruction. Vector processors take this concept one step further. Instead of pipelining just the instructions, they also pipeline the data itself. a) How will you describe a vector processor? b) Instruction pipelining is an efficient way of decoding instructions. How does instruction pipelining reduce the amount of computing time as compared with traditional CPUs?
- By assuming that X is the last digit of your student number and 3X is a two digit number, consider memory storage of a 64-bit word stored at memory word 3X in a byte-addressable memory (a) What is the byte address of memory word 3X? (b) What are the byte addresses that memory word 3X spans? (c) Draw the number 0XF1234567890ABCDE stored at word 3X in both big-endian and little-endian machines. Clearly label the byte address corresponding to each data byte value.A digital computer has a memory unit with 24 bits per word. The instruction set consists of 150 different operations. All instructions have an operation code part (opcode) and an address part (allowing for only one address). Each instruction is stored in one word of memory.Q.) What is the maximum allowable size for memory?In other words, you should just presume that there is no such thing as code that can be moved. How can we make memory paging more difficult?