Concept explainers
Interpretation:
Phosphorouspentoxide is a heck of a drying agent but it is unsuitable for drying many liquids or solutions present in
Concept Introduction:
A drying agent is a chemical used to remove water from an organic compound that is in solution. Phosphorous pentoxide, magnesium sulfate, or potassium chloride etc., are used as drying agent.
Drying agentsare usually certain anhydrous salts that combine with water in the product and hold it as water of crystallization.
Answer to Problem 1E
Due to its exothermic nature and difficult to handle, it is unsuitable for drying many solutions present in organic chemistry laboratory.
Explanation of Solution
The molecular formula of Phosphorous pentoxide is
It is quicker and effective than sodium sulfate and magnesium sulfate in absorbing moisture because if dried an organic liquid with anhydrous sodium sulfate or magnesium sulfate alone, it leaves water in the organic liquid, even if it looks dry (not cloudy).
Though
Sulfuric acid and phosphorous pentoxide are both acidic drying agents that are mainly used in desiccators and not in direct contact with the solution since they are very aggressive reagents. Both have a very high capacity. Sulfuric acid forms hydrates while phosphorous pentoxide is ultimately converted into phosphoric acid.
When
This reaction is exothermic in nature as shown below:
Hence, due to its exothermic nature and difficult to handle, it is unsuitable for drying many solutions present in lab.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 10 Solutions
The Organic Chem Lab Survival Manual: A Student's Guide to Techniques
- Why is water not used as a solvent in extraction of nutsarrow_forward1. Explain the importance of using a thermometer in the simple distillation setup. 2. Enumerate the characteristics of a substance for it to be separated from the heterogeneous mixture by steam distillation. 3. How does steam facilitate the distillation of essential oils? 4. Discuss some applications of simple distillation and steam distillation. Explain why you can use each method for the chosen application.arrow_forwardIn distillation 1. What is the reason for discouraging the formation of bubbles inside the condenser?2. What is a fractionating column?3. How fractional distillation works?4. What are azeotropes?arrow_forward
- Series 9. Mixtures Brass Sand + CuSO4• 5H2O White wine Series 9. Mixtures (continued) Water and BaSO4 Oil and water Vinegararrow_forwardFill in the blanks. For the first one it is an example on how to do it .arrow_forwardyou and your lab partner attempt to isolate/purify your unknown acid from a complex mixture using steam distillation (recall that water boils at 100 °C). Which of the following pieces of laboratory equipment is best used as a heat source for this purpose? 1.) Bunsen burner 2.) Hot water bath 3.) Heating mantle 4.) Hot plate / Stirrerarrow_forward
- 5. Suppose you have a mixture of water and your 2-chloro-2-methylbutane product in a separatory funnel. Use densities to predict which phase will be the top layer in the funnel. a. 2-chloro-2-methylbutane (organic phase) b. water (aqueous phase) c. there would only be one phase since the substances are misciblearrow_forwardUsing the solubility information from your table of constants, make a flow chart, showing the procedure you would use to separate 4- chloroaniline from 1,4-dibromobenzene. Indicate what compound is in each solvent by writing the structures at the appropriate locations in the flow chart. please answer the question, and draw the chart.arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between the reaction of soap-water and synthetic detergent-water mixture to litmus papers?arrow_forward
- You wash a separatory funnel with soap and water to ensure it is clean before extracting an aqueous solution with dicholormethane. You should take the time to make sure there are no drops of water left inside the separatory funnel. Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a True Falsearrow_forward4. Suppose you have a mixture of saturated aqueous sodium chloride (brine) and your 2-bromo-2-methylbutane product in a separatory funnel. Use densities to predict which phase will be the top layer in the funnel. a. 2-bromo-2-methylbutane (organic phase) b. saturated sodium chloride (aqueous phase) c. hard to predict since densities are both very close to 1.18 g/mL d. there would only be one phase since the substances are misciblearrow_forwardWhat is Van dorn water samplerarrow_forward
- Macroscale and Microscale Organic ExperimentsChemistryISBN:9781305577190Author:Kenneth L. Williamson, Katherine M. MastersPublisher:Brooks Cole