General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780132931281
Author: Ralph H. Petrucci, F. Geoffrey Herring, Jeffry D. Madura, Carey Bissonnette
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 10, Problem 3E
Write plausible Lewis structures for the following molecules that contain only single covalent bonds. (a) FCI; (b) 12; (c) SF2; (d) NF2; (e) H2Te.
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Students have asked these similar questions
1. Write Lewis symbols for the following atoms. (1pt each)
(a) Kr
(b) Ge
(c) N
(d) Ga
(e) As
(f) Rb
2. Write plausible Lewis structures for the following molecules that contain only single
covalent bonds. (2 pts each)
(а) FCI
(b) I2
(c) SF2
(d) NF3
(е) Н-Те
3. By means of Lewis structures, represent bonding between the following pairs of
elements (Your structures should show whether the bonding is essentially ionic or
covalent): (2 pts each)
(a) Cs and Br
(b) H and Sb
(c) B and Cl
(d) Cs and Cl
(e) Li and O
(f) Cl and I
4. Assign formal charges to each of the atoms in the following structures. (3 pts each)
(a)
[H–C=C:]¯
(c)
[CH3–CH-CH3]*
(b)
|2–
:0:
:0:
5. What is the formal charge of the indicated atom in each of the following structures?
(2 pts each)
(a) the central O atom in 03
(b) Al in AIH4-
(c) Cl in Cl03
(d) Si in SiF62-
(e) Cl in CIF3
6. Arrange the following elements in the order of decreasing electronegativity: fluorine,
bromine, lithium, francium, silicon. (1 pt each per…
Write Lewis structures for the following: (c) C2F6 (contains a C¬C bond), (d) AsO3 3 -, (e) H2SO3 (H is bonded to O), (f) NH2Cl..
Arrange the bonds in each of the following sets in order of increasing polarity: (a) C¬F, O¬F, Be¬F; (b) O¬Cl, S¬Br, C¬P; (c) C¬S, B¬F, N¬O.
What is the Lewis symbol for each of the following atoms or ions? (a) K, (b) As, (c) Sn2 + , (d) N3
Write electron configurations for the following ions and determine which have noble-gas configurations: (a) Cd2+, (b) P3-, (c) Zr4+
H
зн. +
H:Y:
H
The Lewis representation above depicts a reaction between hydrogen (blue) and a main-group element from group |
(red).
In this representation, each Y atom needs
bond(s) with atoms of H.
]electron(s) to complete its octet, and gains these electrons by forming
There are|
Junshared electron pair(s) and
| bonding electron pair(s) in the product molecule.
The bonds in the product are |
Chapter 10 Solutions
General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
Ch. 10 - Write Lewis symbols for the following atoms. (a)...Ch. 10 - Write Lewis symbols for the following ions. (a)...Ch. 10 - Write plausible Lewis structures for the following...Ch. 10 - Each of the following molecules contains at least...Ch. 10 - By means of Lewis structures, represent bonding...Ch. 10 - Which of the following have Lewis structures that...Ch. 10 - Prob. 7ECh. 10 - Suggest reasons why the following do not exist as...Ch. 10 - Describe what is wrong with each of the following...Ch. 10 - Describe what is wrong with each of the following...
Ch. 10 - Prob. 11ECh. 10 - Indicate what is wrong with each of the following...Ch. 10 - Write Lewis structures for the following ionic...Ch. 10 - Under appropriate conditions, both hydrogen and...Ch. 10 - Derive the correct formulas for the following...Ch. 10 - Each of the following ionic compounds consists of...Ch. 10 - Assign formal charges to each of the atoms in the...Ch. 10 - Assign formal charges to each of the atoms in the...Ch. 10 - Both oxidation state and formal charge involve...Ch. 10 - Prob. 20ECh. 10 - Prob. 21ECh. 10 - Assign formal charges to the atoms in the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 23ECh. 10 - Show that the idea of minimizing the formal...Ch. 10 - Write acceptable Lewis structures for the...Ch. 10 - Two molecules that have the same formulas but...Ch. 10 - The following polyatomic anions involve covalent...Ch. 10 - Represent the following ionic compounds by Lewis...Ch. 10 - Write a plausible Lewis structure for...Ch. 10 - Prob. 30ECh. 10 - Write Lewis structures for the molecules...Ch. 10 - Write Lewis structures for the molecules...Ch. 10 - Write Lewis structures for the molecules...Ch. 10 - Write Lewis structures for the molecules...Ch. 10 - Identify the main group that the element X belongs...Ch. 10 - Prob. 36ECh. 10 - Use your knowledge of electronegativities, but do...Ch. 10 - Which of the blowing molecules would you expect to...Ch. 10 - What is the percent ionic character of each of the...Ch. 10 - Prob. 40ECh. 10 - Prob. 41ECh. 10 - Use a cross-base arrow () to represent the...Ch. 10 - Which electrostatic potential map corresponds to...Ch. 10 - Prob. 44ECh. 10 - Two electrostatic potential maps are shown, one...Ch. 10 - Prob. 46ECh. 10 - Prob. 47ECh. 10 - Which of the following species requires a...Ch. 10 - Dinitrogen oxide (nitrous oxide, or "laughing...Ch. 10 - The Lewis structure of nitric acid, HONO2, is a...Ch. 10 - Draw Lewis structures for the following species,...Ch. 10 - Draw Lewis structures for the following species,...Ch. 10 - Write plausible Lewis structures for the following...Ch. 10 - Write plausible Lewis structures for the following...Ch. 10 - Which of the following species would you expect to...Ch. 10 - Write a plausible Lewis structure for NO2 , and...Ch. 10 - In which of the following species is it necessary...Ch. 10 - Prob. 58ECh. 10 - Use VSEPR theory to predict the geometric shapes...Ch. 10 - Use VSEPR theory to predict the geometric shapes...Ch. 10 - Each of the following is either linear, angular...Ch. 10 - Predict the geometric shapes of (a) CO ; (b)...Ch. 10 - One of the following ions has a trigonal-planer...Ch. 10 - Two of the following have the same shape. Which...Ch. 10 - Prob. 65ECh. 10 - Sketch the probable geometric shape of molecule of...Ch. 10 - Use the VSEPR theory to predict the shapes of the...Ch. 10 - Use the VSEPR theory to predict the shape of (a)...Ch. 10 - The molecular shape of BF2 is planar (see Table...Ch. 10 - Explain why it is not necessary to find the Lewis...Ch. 10 - Comment on the similarities and differences in the...Ch. 10 - Comment on the similarities and differences in the...Ch. 10 - Draw a plausible Lewis structure for the following...Ch. 10 - Draw a plausible Lewis structure for the following...Ch. 10 - Sketch the propyne molecule, CH2CCH. Indicate the...Ch. 10 - Sketch the propene molecule, CH2CHCH2. Indicate...Ch. 10 - Lactic acid has the formula CH2CH(OH)COOH. Sketch...Ch. 10 - Levulinic acid has the formula CH2(CO)CH2CH2COOH....Ch. 10 - Prob. 79ECh. 10 - Prob. 80ECh. 10 - Predict the shapes of the following molecules, and...Ch. 10 - Which of the blowing molecules would you expect to...Ch. 10 - The molecule H2O2 has a resultant dipole moment of...Ch. 10 - Prob. 84ECh. 10 - Without referring to tables in the text, indicate...Ch. 10 - Estimate the lengths of the blowing bonds and...Ch. 10 - A relationship between bond lengths and...Ch. 10 - In which of the following molecules would you...Ch. 10 - Prob. 89ECh. 10 - Prob. 90ECh. 10 - A reaction involved in the formation of ozone the...Ch. 10 - Use data from Table 10.3, but without performing...Ch. 10 - Use data from Table 10.3 to estimate the enthalpy...Ch. 10 - One of the chemical reactions that occurs in the...Ch. 10 - Estimate the standard enthalpies of formation at...Ch. 10 - Prob. 96ECh. 10 - Use bond energies from Table 10.3 to estimate rH...Ch. 10 - Equations (1) end (2) can be combined to yield the...Ch. 10 - One reaction involved in the sequence of reactions...Ch. 10 - Prob. 100ECh. 10 - Given the bond-dissociation energies:...Ch. 10 - Prob. 102IAECh. 10 - Prob. 103IAECh. 10 - Prob. 104IAECh. 10 - Prob. 105IAECh. 10 - Draw Lewis structures for two different molecules...Ch. 10 - Sodium azide, NaN2 is the nitrogen gas-forming...Ch. 10 - Prob. 108IAECh. 10 - Prob. 109IAECh. 10 - A few years ago the synthesis of a salt containing...Ch. 10 - Prob. 111IAECh. 10 - In certain polar solvents, PCI, undergoes an...Ch. 10 - Prob. 113IAECh. 10 - Prob. 114IAECh. 10 - Use the VSEPR theory to predict a probable shape...Ch. 10 - The standard enthalpy of formation of...Ch. 10 - Prob. 117IAECh. 10 - Prob. 118IAECh. 10 - Prob. 119IAECh. 10 - R. S. Mulliken proposed that the electronegativity...Ch. 10 - When molten sulfur reacts with chlorine gas, a...Ch. 10 - Hydrogen azide, HN2 , can exist in two forms. One...Ch. 10 - Prob. 123IAECh. 10 - Prob. 124IAECh. 10 - Prob. 125IAECh. 10 - One of the allotropes of sulfur is a ring of eight...Ch. 10 - One of the allotropes of phosphorus consists of...Ch. 10 - In this problem, we examine the basis of three...Ch. 10 - Prob. 129FPCh. 10 - Prob. 130FPCh. 10 - Prob. 131SAECh. 10 - Briefly describe each of the following ideas: (a)...Ch. 10 - Explain the important distinctions between (a)...Ch. 10 - Prob. 134SAECh. 10 - The formal charges on the O atoms in the ion...Ch. 10 - Which molecule is nonlinear?...Ch. 10 - Which molecule is nonpolar?...Ch. 10 - The highest bond-dissociation energy is found in...Ch. 10 - The greatest bond length is found in...Ch. 10 - Draw plausible Lewis structures for the blowing...Ch. 10 - Predict the shapes of the following...Ch. 10 - Which of the following ionic compounds is composed...Ch. 10 - Which of the following molecules does not obey the...Ch. 10 - Which of the following molecules has no polar...Ch. 10 - The electron-group geometry of H2O is (a)...Ch. 10 - For each of the following compounds, give the...Ch. 10 - Use bond enthalpies from Table 10.3 to determine...Ch. 10 - Prob. 148SAECh. 10 - Prob. 149SAECh. 10 - What is the VSEPR theory? On what physical basis...Ch. 10 - Prob. 151SAECh. 10 - Prob. 152SAECh. 10 - Prob. 153SAECh. 10 - Prob. 154SAE
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- These are NOTlegitimate Lewisstructures (and aremissing formalcharges). Show (as inthe example) how apair of electrons canbe moved to make theLewis structurelegitimate.arrow_forwardDefine formal charge and explain how to calculate it. What is the purpose of the formal charge? Organic compounds are composed mostly of carbon and hydrogen but also may have oxygen, nitrogen, and/or halogens in the formula. Formal charge arguments work very well for organic compounds when drawing the best Lewis structure. How do C, H, N, O, and Cl satisfy the octet rule in organic compounds so as to have a formula charge of zero?arrow_forwardtR-XZxj_1SoekWMaP1As1fEhnC179H4SICzl1mdWKpKlvbF3amiKazP. OF ORGANIC MOLECULES Drawing a Lewis structure for a simple organic molecule from a. GE OOD D Draw a Lewis structure of the molecule that matches the description below. All non-H atoms should have full octets, and all formal charges should be zero. Unless you're told otherwise, assume there are no rings in the molecule. Description: The molecule is composed of 10, 4H's, and 2C's and it contains a C-C single bond. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. 2021 McGraw-Hill Education All Rights Reseved Terms of Uhe Pcy Check Explanationarrow_forward
- Draw the Lewis structures for each of the following moleculesor ions. Identify instances where the octet rule is notobeyed; state which atom in each compound does not followthe octet rule; and state how many electrons surround theseatoms: (a) NO, (b) BF3, (c) ICl2-, (d) OPBr3 (the P is the centralatom), (e) XeF4.arrow_forward1. Write the Lewis symbols for the following atoms:(a) Kr; (b) Ge; (c) N; (d) Ga; (e) Ace; (f) Rbarrow_forwardWrite Lewis structures for the following: (a) H2CO (bothH atoms are bonded to C), (b) H2O2, (c) C2F6 (contains a C¬C bond), (d) AsO33- , (e) H2SO3 (H is bonded to O), (f) NH2Cl.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements concerning the structures below is/are true? You can select more than one, or none, of these statements. N = A N: Z: = N B = Z: :N=N- The total charge on this species is -1. Structure B is the least important structure. For each N in structure B, the formal charge is zero. Structures A and B are equivalent resonance structures. Structures A, B, and C are equivalent resonance structures. Structures A and C are equivalent resonance structures. In structure A, the N atom on the left has a formal charge of zero. C N:arrow_forwardHello, I want the answer in clear handwriting, please. In which of the following molecules is it necessary to invoke charge-separated resonance structures in order that the central atom obeys the octet rule: (a) H2S; (b) HCN; (c) SO2; (d) AsF5; (e) [BF4]¯; (f) CO2; (g) BRF3.arrow_forwardDraw Lewis structures for each of the following molecules: (a) CH5N (contains a bond between C and N); (b) CH3NO2 (contains a bond between C and N but no bonds between C and O); (c) CH2O; (d) CH2Cl2; (e) BrCNarrow_forward
- Write Lewis structures for the following: (a) H2CO (bothH atoms are bonded to C), (b) H2O2, (c) C2F6 (containsa C¬C bond), (d) AsO33 - , (e) H2SO3 (H is bonded to O),(f) NH2Clarrow_forwardSO < SO2< SO32-( a) Match each species with the number of covalent bonds predicted by Lewis structures to exist between an S atom and an O atom bonded to this S atom. (Hint: Average the number of bonds between S and an attached oxygen atom in a particular position using all of your resonance structures for the species that you are working on.)SO32- : is it 1.00, 1.33, 1.50, 2.00, 3.00 (b) Match each species with the correct formal charge on the central S atom. SO32- : is it -1.00 , -0.67 , -0.50, 0.00, +1.00, or +2.00 ? (c) Match each species with the average formal charge on an outside oxygen atom predicted by Lewis structures. SO32- : is it -1.00 , -0.67 , -0.50, 0.00, +1.00, or +2.00 ?arrow_forward(c) PH3 (i) SF, Discussion: Which molecules are expected to violate the octet rule? Write the Lewis structures of the following molecules. (a) BeH2 (g) SeF4 (b) H2S (h) KrF;* (d) CF4 (i) PF 5 (e) IF3 (k) KrF2 (f) XEF4 (1) BCI3arrow_forward
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