a)
The densest state of matter for water.
a)
Answer to Problem 1GST
The densest state of water is liquid state.
Explanation of Solution
Water is the most common fluid and only substance on the earth that exists naturally in liquid, solid (ice) and gaseous (water vapour) state. All three states are composed of water molecules with a chemical formula H2O meaning one oxygen atom is bonded to two hydrogen atoms. The main difference between the three states is the arrangement of water molecules.
Based on the picture, the arrangement of the water molecules in ice are bonded together which has a lot of empty spaces, denoting the fact that ice is less dense than water.
b)
The most energetic state of matter for water.
b)
Answer to Problem 1GST
The most energetic state of water is gaseous (water vapor) state
Explanation of Solution
Water is the most common fluid and only substance on the earth that exists naturally in liquid, solid (ice) and gaseous (water vapour) state. All three states are composed of water molecules with a chemical formula H2O meaning one oxygen atom is bonded to two hydrogen atoms. The main difference between the three states is the arrangement of water molecules.
Based on the picture, when liquid water evaporates, all of the hydrogen bonds break and the water vapour molecules move independently. The heat which is absorbed by the water molecules helps them to escape the liquid surface and become a gas. The arrangement of the water vapour molecules are widely spaced as compared to a liquid and show highly energetic and random motion.
c)
The state of matter in which water is highly compressible.
c)
Answer to Problem 1GST
Water is highly compressible in gaseous state.
Explanation of Solution
Water is the most common fluid and only substance on the earth that exists naturally in liquid, solid (ice) and gaseous (water vapour) state. All three states are composed of water molecules with a chemical formula H2O meaning one oxygen atom is bonded to two hydrogen atoms. The main difference between the three states is the arrangement of water molecules.
Liquid water will take the shape of its container. Unlike a liquid, a gas has the tendency to expand and occupy any size of the container and also has the ability to be compressed. For instance, more air can be added into a tire to increase its volume slightly but cannot add 10 gallons of petrol in a 5 gallon can.
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Chapter 17 Solutions
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