Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168130
Author: Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 17, Problem 9RQ
A small molecule binds to a G protein, preventing its activation. What direct effect will this have on signaling that involves cAMP?
- The hormone will not be able to bind to the hormone receptor.
- Adenylyl cyclase will not be activated.
- Excessive quantities of cAMP will be produced.
- The phosphorylation cascade will be initiated.
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Epinephrine binds to a G-protein linked receptor present on the liver cells and activates the G-protein signaling pathway within the
cell. This signally cascade finally activates the enzyme glycogen Phosphorylases. The activated glycogen Phosphorylases then
produces Glucose -1 Phosphate from the breakdown of glycogen. This glucose is then released into blood stream. If this G-protein
receptor for epinephrine is nonfunctional, will there be an increase in the conc. of which of the following molecules -
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a
CAMP
b.
Glucose-1- phosphate
Neither CAMP more Glucose -1- phosphate
What do steroid hormone signaling and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling have in common?
Their pathways involve G-proteins that are activated by GDP-GTP exchange.
They both result in gene transcription.
They both use the second messenger cAMP.
The receptors are both enzymes.
Overexpression of this receptor in the cells of the adrenal gland causes Cushing's syndrome, a disease caused
by the overproduction of cortisol. One strategy that scientists have employed to treat this disease is the use of
small molecules that bind to, but do not activate, MC2R. This type of molecule is generically referred to as an
antagonist. How can an antagonist bind to the same receptor as ACTH but not activate it?
O a. The antagonist can bind covalently while ACTH binds non-covalently
O b. The antagonist is only partially complimentary to the binding pocket of MC2R
O The antagonist binds to ACTH and blocks it from binding to the receptor properly
O d. The antagonist is the exact same structure as ACTH but since it is synthetic it doesn't work
One cause of Cushing's syndrome is the inappropriate production of GPCRS in the adrenal gland that are not
normally present in those cells. When these receptors are activated they result in the production of cortisol.
Which statement about…
Chapter 17 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 17 - Visit this link...Ch. 17 - Visit this link...Ch. 17 - Visit this link...Ch. 17 - Visit this link...Ch. 17 - Visit this link...Ch. 17 - Endocrine glands ________. secrete hormones that...Ch. 17 - Chemical signaling that affects neighboring cells...Ch. 17 - A newly developed pesticide has been observed to...Ch. 17 - A small molecule binds to a G protein, preventing...Ch. 17 - A student is in a car accident, and although not...
Ch. 17 - The hypothalamus is functionally and anatomically...Ch. 17 - Which of the following is an anterior pituitary...Ch. 17 - How many hormones are produced by the posterior...Ch. 17 - Which of the following hormones contributes to the...Ch. 17 - Which of the following statements about the...Ch. 17 - The secretion of thyroid hormones is controlled by...Ch. 17 - The development of a goiter indicates that...Ch. 17 - Iodide ions cross from the bloodstream into...Ch. 17 - When blood calcium levels are low, PTH stimulates...Ch. 17 - Which of the following can result from...Ch. 17 - The adrenal glands are attached superiorly to...Ch. 17 - What secretory cell type is found in the adrenal...Ch. 17 - Cushings disease is a disorder caused by ________....Ch. 17 - Which of the following responses s not part of the...Ch. 17 - What cells secrete melatonin? melanocytes...Ch. 17 - The production of melatonin is inhibited by...Ch. 17 - The gonads produce what class of hormones? amine...Ch. 17 - The production of FSH by the anterior pituitary is...Ch. 17 - The function of the placental hormone human...Ch. 17 - If an autoimmune disorder targets the alpha cells,...Ch. 17 - Which of the following statements about insulin is...Ch. 17 - The walls of the atria produce which hoimone?...Ch. 17 - The end result of the RAAS is to ________. reduce...Ch. 17 - Athletes may take synthetic EPO to boost their...Ch. 17 - Hormones produced by the thymus play a role in the...Ch. 17 - The anterior pituitary gland develops from which...Ch. 17 - In the elderly, decreased thyroid function causes...Ch. 17 - Describe several main differences in the...Ch. 17 - Compare and contrast endocrine and exocrine...Ch. 17 - True or false: Neurotransmitters are a special...Ch. 17 - Compare and contrast the signaling events involved...Ch. 17 - Describe the mechanism of hormone response...Ch. 17 - Compare and contrast the anatomical relationship...Ch. 17 - Name the target tissues for prolactin.Ch. 17 - Explain why maternal iodine deficiency might lead...Ch. 17 - Define hyperthyroidism and explain why one of its...Ch. 17 - Describe the role of negative feedback in the...Ch. 17 - Explain why someone with a parathyroid gland tumor...Ch. 17 - What are the three regions of the adrenal cortex...Ch. 17 - If innervation to the adrenal medulla were...Ch. 17 - Compare and contrast the short-term and long-term...Ch. 17 - Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a mood...Ch. 17 - Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a disease that causes...Ch. 17 - Compare and contrast the role of estrogens and...Ch. 17 - Describe the role of placental secretion of...Ch. 17 - What would be the physiological consequence of a...Ch. 17 - Why is foot care extremely important for people...Ch. 17 - Summarize the role of GI tract hormones following...Ch. 17 - Compare and contrast the thymus gland in infancy...Ch. 17 - Distinguish between the effects of menopause and...
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