Physics for Scientists and Engineers
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337553278
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 19, Problem 31AP
You have a particular interest in automobile engines, so you have secured a co-op position at an automobile company while you attend school. Your supervisor is helping you to learn about the operation of an internal combustion engine. She gives you the following assignment, related to a simulation of a new engine she is designing. A gas, beginning at PA = 1.00 atm, VA = 0.500 L, and TA = 27.0°C, is compressed from point A on the PV diagram in Figure P19.31 (page 530) to point B. This represents the compression stroke in a fourcycle gasoline engine. At that point, 132 J of energy is delivered to the gas at constant volume, taking the gas to point C. This represents the transformation of potential energy in the gasoline to internal energy when the spark plug fires. Your supervisor tells you that the internal energy of a gas is proportional to temperature (as we shall find in Chapter 20), the internal energy of the gas at point A is 200 J, and she wants to know what the temperature of the gas is at point C.
Figure P19.31
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
Question:
261 mols of an ideal monatomic gas undergo the process shown in the PV plot (Figure 1). The process A → B is adiabatic. In the plot below, VA
1.23 m³, VB = 3.76 m³ and PA = 3.22 atm.
A
A
PB
C
VA
V8
V
Figure 1: A PV plot depicting the described gas going down and right from state A to state B via an adiabatic pathway. The gas then goes left from state B to state C via a horizontal pathway before going up from state C to state A via a vertical
pathway. The x-axis represents volume and the y-axis represents pressure.
Part 1)
What is PB?
PB :
atm
Part 2)
How much heat is added as the gas goes from B → OC?
QB>C
J
Part 3)
What is AEint as the gas goes from C → A?
AEint
J
B
You have a particular interest in automobile engines, so you have secured a co-op position at an automobile company while you attend school. Your supervisor is helping you to learn about the operation of an internal combustion engine. She gives you the following assignment, related to a simulation of a new engine she is designing. A gas, beginning at PA = 1.00 atm, VA = 0.500 L, and TA = 27.0°C, is compressed from point A on the PV diagram as shown to point B. This represents the compression stroke in a fourcycle gasoline engine. At that point, 132 J of energy is delivered to the gas at constant volume, taking the gas to point C. This represents the transformation of potential energy in the gasoline to internal energy when the spark plug fires. Your supervisor tells you that the internal energy of a gas is proportional to temperature (as we shall find in Chapter 20), the internal energy of the gas at point A is 200 J, and she wants to know what the temperature of the gas is at point C.
A monatomic ideal gas undergoes the thermodynamic process shown in the PV diagram of Figure P12.20. Determine whether each of the values ΔU, Q, and W for the gas is positive, negative, or zero. Hint: The internal energy of a monatomic ideal gas at pressure P and occupying volume V is given by U = 3/2PV.
Chapter 19 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 19.1QQCh. 19.3 - Suppose the same process of adding energy to the...Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 19.3QQCh. 19.5 - Characterize the paths in Figure 19.12 as...Ch. 19.6 - Prob. 19.5QQCh. 19 - Prob. 1PCh. 19 - The highest waterfall in the world is the Salto...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3PCh. 19 - The temperature of a silver bar rises by 10.0C...Ch. 19 - You are working in your kitchen preparing lunch...
Ch. 19 - If water with a mass mk at temperature Tk is...Ch. 19 - An aluminum calorimeter with a mass of 100 g...Ch. 19 - An electric drill with a steel drill bit of mass m...Ch. 19 - A 3.00-g copper coin at 25.0C drops 50.0 m to the...Ch. 19 - How much energy is required to change a 40.0-g ice...Ch. 19 - Prob. 11PCh. 19 - A 3.00-g lead bullet at 30.0C is fired at a speed...Ch. 19 - In an insulated vessel, 250 g of ice at 0C is...Ch. 19 - Prob. 14PCh. 19 - One mole of an ideal gas is warmed slowly so that...Ch. 19 - (a) Determine the work done on a gas that expands...Ch. 19 - A thermodynamic system undergoes a process in...Ch. 19 - Why is the following situation impossible? An...Ch. 19 - A 2.00-mol sample of helium gas initially at 300...Ch. 19 - (a) How much work is done on the steam when 1.00...Ch. 19 - A 1.00-kg block of aluminum is warmed at...Ch. 19 - In Figure P19.22, the change in internal energy of...Ch. 19 - A student is trying to decide what to wear. His...Ch. 19 - A concrete slab is 12.0 cm thick and has an area...Ch. 19 - Two lightbulbs have cylindrical filaments much...Ch. 19 - Prob. 26PCh. 19 - (a) Calculate the R-value of a thermal window made...Ch. 19 - Prob. 28PCh. 19 - Gas in a container is at a pressure of 1.50 atm...Ch. 19 - Prob. 30APCh. 19 - You have a particular interest in automobile...Ch. 19 - You are working in a condensed-matter laboratory...Ch. 19 - Prob. 33APCh. 19 - Prob. 34APCh. 19 - Prob. 35APCh. 19 - Prob. 36APCh. 19 - An ice-cube tray is filled with 75.0 g of water....Ch. 19 - Prob. 38APCh. 19 - An iron plate is held against an iron wheel so...Ch. 19 - One mole of an ideal gas is contained in a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 41APCh. 19 - Prob. 42APCh. 19 - Prob. 43APCh. 19 - A student measures the following data in a...Ch. 19 - (a) The inside of a hollow cylinder is maintained...Ch. 19 - A spherical shell has inner radius 3.00 cm and...Ch. 19 - Prob. 47CP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- If a gas is compressed isothermally, which of the following statements is true? (a) Energy is transferred into the gas by heat. (b) No work is done on the gas. (c) The temperature of the gas increases. (d) The internal energy of the gas remains constant. (e) None of those statements is true.arrow_forwardFigure P21.37 shows a PV diagram for a gas that is compressed from Vi to Vf. Find the work done by the a. gas and b. environment during this process. Does energy enter the system or leave the system as a result of work? FIGURE P21.37arrow_forwardTwo cylinders A and B of equal capacity are connected to each other via a stopcock. A contains a gas at standard temperature and pressure. B is completely evacuated. The entire system is thermally insulated. The stopcock is suddenly opened. Answer the following :(a) What is the final pressure of the gas in A and B?(b) What is the change in internal energy of the gas?arrow_forward
- An ideal gas in a container with a sliding piston is held at atmospheric pressure. Heat is added and the volume increases from 1 m^3 to 3 m^3. The initial temp of the gas is 0 degrees celcius. Question A: How many moles of gas are in this container? Question B: How much work does the gas perform on the piston? Please answer in J Question C: What is the final temperature of the gas? Please answer in degrees celcius Question D: what is the change in internal energy of the gas? Please answer in J Question E: How much heat was added to the gas? Please answer in Jarrow_forwardQuestion 1. An ideal diatomic gas contracts from 1.25 m3to 0.500 m3 at a constant pressure of 1.50 × 105P a. Draw a PV diagram and name this process thatoccurs at constant pressure. If the initial temperature is 425 K, calculate(a) the work done on the gas,(b) the change in internal energy of the gas,(c) the energy transfer, Q, and,(d) the final temperature.arrow_forwardA sample of an ideal gas in a cylinder of volume 2.90 L at 928K and 2.89 atm expands to 8.46 L by two different pathways. Path A is an isothermal, reversible expansion. Path B has two steps. In the first step, the gas is cooled at constant volume to 1.05 atm. In the second step, the gas is heated and allowed to expand against a constant external pressure of 1.05 atm until the final volume is 8.46 L. Calculate the work for Path A and the work for path Barrow_forward
- A cylinder containing 1.41 mol of an ideal gas is surrounded by a large reservoir at a temperature of 3.69 °C. The gas is initially at a volume of 1.24 x 10-3 m³. The gas is compressed isothermally to a volume of 4.16 x 10-4 m². How much work W is done by the gas during the compression? Use R = 8.314 J/(mol-K) for the gas constant. W = How much heat Q flows into the gas during the compression? Q = Jarrow_forwardA gas increases in pressure from 2.00 atm to 6.00 atm at a constant volume of 1.00 m3 and then expands at constant pressure to a volume of 3.00 m3 before returning to its initial state as shown in Figure P12.31. How much work is done in one cycle?arrow_forwardConsider 2.5 moles of an ideal gas, which undergoes the process shown in the PV diagram below. Make sure you are mindful of units when you are performing these problems. PV Diagram Pressure (atm) 3.000 2.500 52.000 1.500 1.000 0.500 500 1000 A 1500 2000 Volume (cm^3) B 2500 3000arrow_forward
- When we drive at higher speeds for an extended period, the tire warms, and the air within expands and increases pressure. The increase in tire pressure is mostly evident in drag racing. Let us imagine that you are in a drag racing competition. Your pit stop team wanted to know the change in internal energy of the tire in your car in BTU. Before the race, the tire was initially pumped to 107 psig of air. At the first pit stop, the recorded tire pressure was 117 psig. The volume of the tire remained constant at 0.017 ft³ and the Cp = 7.7 BTU lbmol-°Farrow_forwardA diatomic ideal gas expands from a volume of VA = 1.00 m3 to VB = 3.00 m3 along the path shown in Figure P12.76. If the initial pressure is PA = 2.00 x 105 Pa and there are 87.5 mol of gas, calculate (a) the work done on the gas during this process, (b) the change in temperature of the gas, and (c) the change in internal energy of the gas. (d) How much thermal energy is transferred to the system?arrow_forwardAir (a diatomic ideal gas) at 27.0°C and atmospheric pressure is drawn into a bicycle pump that has a cylinder with an inner diameter of 2.50 cm and length 50.0 cm. The down stroke adiabatically compresses the air, which reaches a gauge pressure of 800 kPa before entering the tire (Fig. P21.26). Determine (a) the volume of the compressed air and (b) the temperature of the compressed air. (c) What If? The pump is made of steel and has an inner wall that is 2.00 mm thick. Assume that 4.00 cm of the cylinder's length is allowed to come to thermal equilibrium with the air. What will be the increase in wall temperature?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Physics for Scientists and EngineersPhysicsISBN:9781337553278Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...PhysicsISBN:9781337553292Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Physics
ISBN:9781337553278
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...
Physics
ISBN:9781337553292
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...
Physics
ISBN:9781133939146
Author:Katz, Debora M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Thermodynamics: Crash Course Physics #23; Author: Crash Course;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4i1MUWJoI0U;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY