Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 19.2, Problem 1CR
What criteria serve to demonstrate that a culture of a previously undescribed microorganism is pure?
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Chapter 19 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 19.1 - Describe the enrichment strategy behind...Ch. 19.1 - Why is sulfate (So42) added to a Winogradsky...Ch. 19.1 - What is enrichment bias? How does dilution reduce...Ch. 19.1 - Why do the results of a direct enrichment of an...Ch. 19.2 - What is a pure culture and why is obtaining one...Ch. 19.2 - How does the agar dilution method differ from...Ch. 19.2 - What criteria serve to demonstrate that a culture...Ch. 19.3 - How might you isolate a morphologically unique...Ch. 19.3 - What is meant by high-throughput in culturing...Ch. 19.3 - What feature of high-throughput culturing relieves...
Ch. 19.4 - How does viability staining differ from stains...Ch. 19.4 - What types of environments limit the application...Ch. 19.4 - Why is it incorrect to say that the GFP is a...Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 1CRCh. 19.5 - What structure in the cell is the target for...Ch. 19.5 - FISH and CARD-FISH can be used to reveal different...Ch. 19.5 - Why is CARD-FISH more suitable than FISH for...Ch. 19.6 - What could you conclude from PCR/DGGE analysis of...Ch. 19.6 - What surprising finding has come out of many...Ch. 19.6 - How has next-generation sequencing technology...Ch. 19.6 - QWhich method, ARISA or T-RFLP, would provide more...Ch. 19.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 19.7 - What are the advantages and disadvantages of...Ch. 19.7 - Why might a microarray be superior to using...Ch. 19.8 - Prob. 1MQCh. 19.8 - How do environmental genomic approaches differ...Ch. 19.8 - Prob. 3MQCh. 19.8 - Prob. 1CRCh. 19.9 - Prob. 1MQCh. 19.9 - If a large pulse of organic matter entered the...Ch. 19.9 - Q What are the major advantages of radioisotopic...Ch. 19.10 - What is the simplest explanation for why lunar...Ch. 19.10 - What is the expected isotopic composition of...Ch. 19.10 - How might exchange of metabolites among members of...Ch. 19.10 - Will autotrophic organisms contain more or less...Ch. 19.11 - How could NanoSIMS be used to identify a...Ch. 19.11 - Prob. 2MQCh. 19.11 - How does MAR-FISH link microbial diversity and...Ch. 19.11 - Q What can MAR-FISH tell you that FISH alone...Ch. 19.12 - How can stable isotope probing reveal the identity...Ch. 19.12 - What key method is required to do genomics on a...Ch. 19.12 - Prob. 3MQCh. 19.12 - How would you use cytometric cell sorting to...Ch. 19 - Design an experiment for measuring the activity of...Ch. 19 - You wish to know whether Archaea exist in a lake...Ch. 19 - Design an experiment to solve the following...Ch. 19 - Design a SIP experiment that would allow you to...
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- What is the major difference between an enrichment culture and a selective culture? Why are microbial doubling times in nature typically longer than those obtained in the lab? Briefly describe the following mechanisms of measuring bacterial growth: Direct microscopic cell count Plate count Most probable numberarrow_forwardBased on the knowledge acquired about the conservation and propagation of microorganisms, propose methodologies for:a) conservation of stock culture (used infrequently) of baker's yeast (S. cerevisiae);b) conservation of the working culture (used daily) of the baker's yeast;c) activation (1st stage of propagation) of the work culture;d) propagation of cultures until inoculating a 100 L reactor toi) production of baker's yeast;ii) ethanol production.arrow_forwardA microbiologist inoculates a growth medium with 100 bacterial cells/ml. If the generation time of the species is 1 hour, and the microbes are in the exponential (log) phase of growth, how many hours require for the culture to surpass 10,000 cells/ml, if the culture is checked once each hour? O 1) 2 hours O 2) 7 hours O 3) 3 hours O 4) 10 hours O 5) 24 hoursarrow_forward
- Is the Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA) a complex or defined medium? Explain based on its composition. Is MHA a A) differential, B) selective, C) both differential and selective media, or D) neither? Explain based on what kind of microorganisms it allows to grow.arrow_forwardThe thermal death point is best described as:(a) The highest temperature that will support growth of amicrobial culture(b) The length of time required for killing 100% of mi-crobes in a 24-hour culture that is heated to 100°C(c) The temperature at which a previously growing 24-hourculture will begin to die(d) The temperature at which 100% of the microbes in a24-hour culture will be killed in 10 minutesarrow_forwardWhy is it important to use sterile practices when working with microorganisms?arrow_forward
- Using your fingers, you are asked to aseptically touch the surface of a sterile agar plate. Illustrate the possible result from this step if your fingers are (a) unwashed – touched various things prior to placing on agar surface, and (b) washed with soap or disinfected with 70% alcohol. Describe the relative abundance of microbial growth observed on the plates. List and draw the possible characteristics of an isolated bacterial colony that can be observed based on type of (a) margin, (b) elevation, (c) texture, and (d) optical property.arrow_forwardA microbiologist used the concept of enrichment culture to isolate aerobic and anaerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria, and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. What kind of selective media could he haveused for isolating each of these four classes of microbes?arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between a mixed culture and a contaminated culture if they both contain more than one type of organism ?arrow_forward
- How do you observe growth in liquid microbiological media? a) the medium is cloudy or turbid b) colonies appear on the surface of the medium c) the medium becomes solid d) colonies appear distributes throughout the mediumarrow_forwardName five functional traits of microorganisms. What dose the functional diversity describe? Do we analyze these traits with culture-dependent methods or culture-independent method?arrow_forwardA pure culture was inoculated onto a Mueller-Hinton agar plate. The Kirby-Bauer procedure was performed. One of the drugs tested showed a large zone of inhibition but also had small colonies growing within this zone. Further testing showed that these colonies were not the results of contamination. Why would these colonies be present within this zone of inhibition?arrow_forward
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