Concept explainers
Interpretation: The conjugate bases of the given compounds are to be drawn and an explanation corresponding to the fact that the acidity of the given compounds increases dramatically with substitution by nitro groups is to be stated.
Concept introduction: According to Bronsted-Lowry theory, when an acid donates a proton the species formed is known as conjugate base and when the base accepts a proton the species formed is known as conjugate acid. The conjugate base has negative charge or lone pair of electrons present on it.
The strength of an acid is decided by the stability of its conjugate base. The amount of stability depends on the delocalization of the charge through the resonance.
To determine: The conjugate bases of the given compounds and an explanation corresponding to the fact that the acidity of the given compounds increases dramatically with substitution by nitro groups.
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Organic Chemistry (9th Edition)
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