BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305967359
Author: STARR
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 20, Problem 4CT
Melvin Calvin and Andrew Benson determined the steps in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis by exposing the green alga Chlorella to CO2 labeled with the radioisotope carbon 14. By looking at which compounds the C14 ended up in, they were able to identify all intermediates in this cyclic pathway. Why did they predict (correctly) that the same set of intermediates would be formed in the light reaction in land plants?
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In 2010, a bew form of chlorophyll (chlorophyll f) was discovered in cyanobacteria assemblages of stromatolites growing in Shark Bay, Australia. Chlorophyll f has been isolated. and scientists are investigating the structure and function of this pigment. Based on your understanding of photosynthesis, how would you determine the wavelengths of light the pigment absorbs? How would you determine if this pigment plays a role in photosynthesis? (Hint: Think about the overall equation for photosynthesis.)
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In the photosynthesis lab, a group of students found that in the blue light condition, there was a change in absorbance (ΔA620) of 0.324 in extracted spinach chloroplasts. The students later went on a hike and located a plant they had never seen before and were interested in how the photosynthesis rates would compare to their experiment with spinach chloroplasts. They extracted chloroplasts of the unknown green-leaved plant and exposed them to the same experimental conditions as before. The students calculated the ΔA620 to be 0.100.
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Chapter 20 Solutions
BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)
Ch. 20 - All protists _______. a. lack mitochondria c. live...Ch. 20 - Deposits of shells from ancient ________ have been...Ch. 20 - The presence of a contractile vacuole indicates...Ch. 20 - Prob. 4SACh. 20 - Prob. 5SACh. 20 - Prob. 6SACh. 20 - Prob. 7SACh. 20 - Some _______ are bioluminescent and other live...Ch. 20 - Prob. 9SACh. 20 - A high concentration of oil helps _______ stay...
Ch. 20 - Prob. 11SACh. 20 - Prob. 12SACh. 20 - Prob. 13SACh. 20 - Prob. 14SACh. 20 - Prob. 15SACh. 20 - Imagine you are in a developing country where...Ch. 20 - Which groups of protists are scientists most...Ch. 20 - Water in abandoned swimming pools often turns...Ch. 20 - Melvin Calvin and Andrew Benson determined the...Ch. 20 - The protist that causes malaria evolved from a...
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- For most plants, two distinct photosystems (Photosystem I and Photosystem II) work together in series during photosynthesis. These photosystems are complexes of proteins and pigment molecules. Statement 1: Photosystem I has an absorption maximum of 680 nm, whereas Photosystem II has an absorption maximum of 700 nm. Statement 2: The special pair of chlorophyll a molecules in the reaction center of photosystem I is designated as P700, whereas the special pair of chlorophyll a molecules in the reaction center of photosystem II is designated as P680. Statement 1 is true. Statement 2 is false. Statement 1 is false. Statement 2 is true. Both statements are true. Both statements are false.arrow_forwardThe substance dichlorophenyldimethylurea (DCMU) is an herbi- cide that inhibits photosynthesis by blocking electron transfer between plastoquinones in photosystem II. (a) Would you expect DCMU to interfere with cyclic photophos- phorylation? (b) Normally, DCMU blocks Oz evolution, but addition of ferri- cyanide to chloroplasts allows Oz evolution in the presence of DCMU. Explain.arrow_forwardWhat is the chemical species that is transferred through the light reactions? (Box A) What energy-rich compound is produced by the actions of the cytochrome complex? (Box B) What is the compound (Box C) used to donate electrons to the photosystems, and which gives rise to 2H+ and O2. What energy is used to energise the light reactions? (Box D) What is the product of the reaction that is occurring at NADP+ reductase? (Box E) Provide names for structures i and iiarrow_forward
- Solar-induced fluorescence can be used to infer net photosynthesis. This is because this solar-induced fluorescence is able to measure the light that is used by the chlorophyll-a pigment (650-850nm). There is a linear relationship between this solar-induced fluorescence and the gross primary production of a plant. How does measuring chlorophyll-a pigment with solar-induced fluorescence help us infer net photosynthesis?arrow_forward1. A) For the schematic of a chloroplast shown in the image attached, match the major input and output molecules of photosynthesis to the letters shown. Molecules: CO2, H2O, O2, sugar A: B: C: D: B) In the image attached, the light reactions are shown to take place in the thylakoid. Where specifically do these reactions take place? C) Where does the Calvin cycle take place?arrow_forwardTo assess photosynthesis, we relied heavily on a spectrophotometer to measure the color intensity of DCPIP in our solution. We set the spectrophotometer at wavelengths in the visible spectrum. What is the approximate wavelength range (in nm) for the visible spectrum? For example, the ultraviolet spectrum wavelength range is approximately 10-400 nmarrow_forward
- Excited electrons (and hydrogen ions) in Photosystem 2 go through an electron transport system, but these electrons (and hydrogen ions) must be replaced in the pigments. How are these electrons (and hydrogen ions) replaced? In other words, what is the ultimate origin of these electrons (and hydrogen ions) and what is the important byproduct of the reaction that provides these electrons (and hydrogen ions)?arrow_forwardThere are two photosystems ( I and II) involved in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. What is the functional difference between these two photosystems?arrow_forward1) Dichlorophenyldimethylurea inhibits photosynthesis by blocking electron transfer between the plastoquinone in photosystem II. a) Would you expect this to interfere with cyclic photophosphorylation? b) This herbicide normally stops O2 evolution, but if we add ferricyanide to the chloroplasts, O2 evolution continues. Why might this be the case?arrow_forward
- In photosynthesis, contrast the light reactions with the light independent reactions, in terms of goals, inputs, and outputs of each. Spatially where do they take place (which parts of the chloroplast)? (Optional, for further discussion: Could there be light reactions without light-independent reactions, or visa-versa?)arrow_forwardYou will create a slide show/ Canva/ Website on the flow chart of photosynthesis phases .Your poster should include, but is not limited to:○ The overall equation is at the top.○ A diagram of a chloroplast which indicates where each reactant is used and whereeach product is synthesized. ○ All intermediary steps were studied in the light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions, in the form of a flow chart(try to add details around them), using appropriate terminology. ● You will also submit a detailed explanation of your flow chart, using appropriateterminology.arrow_forwardWhat are the two places where light energy is required in the light reaction of photosynthesis? Why must energy be supplied at precisely these points?arrow_forward
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