Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 21.6, Problem 1MQ
How does the formation of CaCO3 skeletons by calcareous phytoplankton retard CO2 uptake and help maintain ocean water pH?
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 21.1 - How is new organic matter made in nature?Ch. 21.1 - In what ways are oxygenic photosynthesis and...Ch. 21.1 - What is a methane hydrate?Ch. 21.1 - The oxygen and carbon cycles are interconnected...Ch. 21.2 - Why does Syntrophomonas need a partner organism in...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 2MQCh. 21.2 - What is the final product of acetogenesis?Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 1CRCh. 21.3 - What is nitrogen fixation and why is it important...Ch. 21.3 - Prob. 2MQ
Ch. 21.3 - How does the compound nitrapyrin benefit both...Ch. 21.3 - The principal form of nitrogen on Earth is N2,...Ch. 21.4 - Is H2S a substrate or a product of the...Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 2MQCh. 21.4 - Prob. 3MQCh. 21.4 - Bacteria play major roles in both the oxidative...Ch. 21.5 - In what oxidation state is Fe in Fe(OH)3? In FeS?...Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 2MQCh. 21.5 - Why is excreted organic matter important to many...Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 1CRCh. 21.6 - How does the formation of CaCO3 skeletons by...Ch. 21.6 - Prob. 2MQCh. 21.6 - Prob. 1CRCh. 21.7 - What forms of mercury are most toxic to organisms?Ch. 21.7 - Prob. 2MQCh. 21.7 - Prob. 3MQCh. 21.7 - Prob. 1CRCh. 21.8 - What is the greenhouse effect and what causes it?Ch. 21.8 - What is the fate of most nitrogen used in...Ch. 21.8 - Why are the OMZs expanding and what are the likely...Ch. 21.8 - Prob. 1CRCh. 21 - Compare and contrast the carbon, sulfur, and...Ch. 21 - 14C-labeled cellulose is added to a vial...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3AQ
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- How would you expect the relative abundance of C3 versus C4 and CAM species to change in a geographic region whose climate becomes much hotter and drier, with no change in CO2 concentration?arrow_forwardExplain the mechanism by which brine solution rises in comparison to the rate of respiration in various plant parts.arrow_forwardExplain the concept of Water Uptake and Transport ?arrow_forward
- The chemical representation of algae is C106H263O110N16P. The Gulf of Mexico contains 0.2 mg/L of nitrogen and 0.08 mg/L of phosphorus. a.Which is the limiting nutrient for algal growth in the water? Assume all other nutrients are abundant. b.What will be the mass of algae produced per liter of water (mg/L) in an algal bloom? c.If the nitrogen source is reduced by 50%, would the algae production also decrease by half? d.If the phosphorus source is reduced by 50%, would the algae production also decrease by half?arrow_forwardWhich of these statements describes an accurate model for how carbon dioxide and oxygen levels change within the ocean over time? Choose two answers that apply. A) eutrophication of the ocean leads to an increase in dissolved oxygen. B) photosynthesis by the phytoplankton increase the oxygen concentration of the ocean. C) decomposition of dead organic matter decreases the oxygen concentration in the ocean. D) cellular respiration by primary consumers increases the oxygen concentration in the ocean E) anaerobic respiration at the ocean floor decreases the carbon dioxide levels in the oceanarrow_forwardWhich among A-D is not a step in the eutrophication process? A) O rapid growth of algae and cyanobacteria B) O influx of excess nutrients to an aquatic environment, particularly nitrogen and phosphorous C) O heterotrophic, aerobic respiration D) O eventual increase in the numbers of fish and other aquatic life due to the rise m oxygen concentration of the water E) OA-D are all a part of eutrophicationarrow_forward
- Why can’t marine organisms use the nitrogen gas dissolved in seawater?arrow_forwardAccording to the Berner Classification for aqueous environments, which of the following definitions describes the Postoxic stage? O a. Dissolved Oxygen 1mM of Sulfide Species O c. Dissolved Oxygen 0.5% of Saturation (~1 mM) Plants can assist in geochemical metal exploration, because: O a. they carry mineral grains to the surface O b. none of the other options O c. they produce gases that can be analysed between their roots O d. they transport dissolved metals to the surface through their rootsarrow_forwardIn your travels around the Chesapeake Bay region, you have noticed that pink comb jellies (Beroe ovata) do not seem to be distributed evenly throughout the Bay. You suspect that this is because of environmental factors such as salinity, temperature, or the amount of oxygen dissolved in the water. You decide to pick one of these to test. Research question: Does salinity affect the distribution of pink comb jellies (Beroe ovata) in the Chesapeake Bay? After doing a little research in the literature, you discover that a common jellyfish (Aurelia aurita) prefers to live in higher salinity waters. (Comb jellies and jellyfish are not closely related, but since they are similar in structure, you hypothesize that they will react similarly to changes in salinity. a) Use this data, and sketch a graph by hand that would best fit the data. (think which type of graph would allow standard deviation to be included) b) Write an appropriate caption for your graph.arrow_forward
- Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a measure of? How much oxygen needed is needed for growth of aerobic bacteria The extent to which rivers or lakes are polluted with inorganic industrial waste compounds How much oxygen is needed for survival of aerobic bacteria The extent to which rivers or lakes are polluted with organic waste compoundsarrow_forwardDescribe the major members of the planktonic community. Describe the eff ects on the upper trophic levels of declining numbers of phytoplankton.arrow_forwardIn Eutrophication, excess nutrients can cause algal blooms. However, what happens when the algae eventually die? Bacterial – Increase or decrease Oxygen – Increase or decreasearrow_forward
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Microorganisms | Genetics | Biology | FuseSchool; Author: FuseSchool - Global Education;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YSitT0oOoyc;License: Standard youtube license