Concept explainers
Indicate whether each of the following statements concerning
- a. All cells in higher organisms contain both DNA and RNA.
- b. Structurally, DNA, but not RNA, is an unbranched
polymer . - c. Involvement with protein synthesis is the primary function for RNA.
- d. DNA is found primarily in a cells nucleus.
(a)
Interpretation: The validation of the given statement concerning nucleic acids has to be predicted.
Concept introduction: Nucleic acids are the polymers of nucleotides. Nucleic acids are of two types- deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid. Deoxyribonucleic acid transfers the genetic information and ribonucleic acids synthesize proteins.
Answer to Problem 22.1EP
The given statement that “All cells in higher organisms contain both DNA and RNA” is true.
Explanation of Solution
Proteins are the building blocks in higher organisms. RNA is necessary for the synthesis of proteins and DNA stores the genetic information. Therefore, all cells in higher organisms contain both DNA and RNA.
(b)
Interpretation: The validation of the given statement concerning nucleic acids has to be predicted.
Concept introduction: Nucleic acids are the polymers of nucleotides. Nucleic acids are of two types- deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid. Deoxyribonucleic acid transfers the genetic information and ribonucleic acids synthesize proteins.
Answer to Problem 22.1EP
The statement that, “Structurally, DNA but not RNA, is an unbranched polymer” is false.
Explanation of Solution
DNA and RNA, both are similar in structure. DNA and RNA are the polymers of nucleotides. A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a sugar and a base. This structure gives the DNA and RNA molecule a branched shape. Therefore, DNA and RNA both are unbranched polymers.
(c)
Interpretation: The validation of the given statement concerning nucleic acids has to be predicted.
Concept introduction: Nucleic acids are the polymers of nucleotides. Nucleic acids are of two types- deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid. Deoxyribonucleic acid transfers the genetic information and ribonucleic acids synthesize proteins.
Answer to Problem 22.1EP
The statement that, “Involvement with protein synthesis is the primary function for RNA” is true.
Explanation of Solution
RNA is a polymer of nucleotide. The major function of RNA is the synthesis of protein.
(d)
Interpretation: The validation of the given statement concerning nucleic acids has to be predicted.
Concept introduction: Nucleic acids are the polymers of nucleotides. Nucleic acids are of two types- deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid. Deoxyribonucleic acid transfers the genetic information and ribonucleic acids synthesize proteins.
Answer to Problem 22.1EP
The statement that, “DNA is found primarily in a cell’s nucleus.” is true.
Explanation of Solution
DNA is a polymer of nucleic acid. DNA transfers the genetic information. DNA is located in the nucleus of a cell.
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Chapter 22 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
- Proteins are the dominant structural and functional molecules in a cell. Which one of the following statements about proteins is NOT correct? A. The native conformation of a protein is usually arrived at very quickly after synthesis. B. Hydrogen bonding is the only type of bonding that gives rise to secondary structure. C. Urea denatures proteins by disrupting the interactions among non-polar (hydrophobic) amino acids D. Most proteins consist of a single polypeptide and thus do not have quaternary structure.arrow_forwardCorrectly match each item below to the corresponding nucleic acid(s). 1. Contains Deoxyribose Sugar 2. Contains phosphate groups 3. May contain Uracil 4. Found in the cell nucleus 5. Contains phosphodiester bonds 6. Only contains purines A. DNA B. RNA C. BOTH DNA & RNA D. NEITHER DNA or RNAarrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT a function of proteins? A. movement of muscles B. provide structural components stores the genetic information of a living organism C. catalyze reactions in the cells D. transport substances through the bloodstreamarrow_forward
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- Which of the following play an important role in synthesis of DNA/RNA: a.B-12 b.Folic acid c.Sodium d.a, barrow_forwardIdentify the biomolecules being described. (Proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids). C. This is formed when two sugars are joined. D. it is a biomolecule that has three rings with six carbon atoms and one ring with 5 carbon atoms. E. This is made up of nucleotides.arrow_forwardDNA ultimately contains the instructions for the assembly of:a. proteinsb. polysaccharidesc. triglyceridesd. nucleotidesarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is true about Chitin ? a. short, branching chains of nitrogen-containing sugar monomers are linked by hydrogen bonds b. found in the nucleus of fungi and inner skeletons of insects, spiders, and shrimp c. weak, translucent, and stiff structural material d. polysaccharide similar to cellulosearrow_forwardName the structure below: A. Adenosine B. Cytidine C. Thymidylate D. Adenylatearrow_forwardDefine the following terms: a. β-hairpin b. supersecondary structure c. fibrous protein d. globular protein e. mosaic proteinarrow_forward
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