Which atmospheric measurement is a measure of moisture or water vapor in the air relative to the total the air can hold in grams of water vapor per kilogram of air (g/m3) and uses a hygrometer or psychrometer to take measurements? Group of answer choices Air Pressure Humidity Temperature Wind Direction   Which type of cloud tends to be fluffy with a vertical appearance? Group of answer choices Cumulus Stratus None of these Cirrus   Which term describes the circular movement of heat in fluids, including water and air, with warm molecules rising and cooler molecules falling? Group of answer choices Radiation Conduction None of these Convection

Why is the accurate observation of atmospheric water vapor important? What are the primary means of measuring water vapor in the atmosphere? What advantages and disadvantages are associated with each method?

At ground level, the air pressure measured with a barometer is 1000 mb. The barometer is lifted upward by a weather balloon. When the balloon reaches 2 km above the ground, the measured air pressure is 800 mb. Explain why the air pressure decreased.  After the balloon goes up another 2 km (now 4 km above the ground), will the measured air pressure be exactly 600 mb, lower than 600 mb, or higher than 600 mb? Explain the reason for your answer.  Hint: This can be a little tricky. You need to consider how air density changes as you move upward. See the figure below. If air density does not change as you move upward, then the "block" or air from 2- 4 km weighs the same as the "block" of air from 0  - 2 km and the air pressure will decrease uniformly to be exactly 600 mb at 4 km.  If air density changes as you move upward, then the "block" of air from 2 - 4 km will not weigh the same as the block of air from 0 - 2 km and so the air pressure will not be exactly 600 mb at 4 km.

If a 1.0 mm thick piece of plastic sheeting is being placed around a ball to represent 75 percent of the mass of Earth's atmosphere, what is the diameter of the ball needed to model Earth? Use 1.2756 x 10 km for the Earth's diameter and 12 km for the thickness of 75 percent of the mass of Earth's atmosphere. Express the answer in standard scientific notation. Dpall x 10 cm

As it passes the Babuyan Island, the eye of typhoon Rosing is moving in the direction 60 degrees north of west at a speed of 50 kph. Three hours later, it shifts due north where its speed slow to 25 kph. How far from the Babuyan Island is the eye of the typhoon 4.5 hours after it passes over the island? (Use the Graphical Method)

What are the main factors that determine seasonal temperature variations? Draw your answer.

It was reported that on a particular day in Saint Cloud MN, the atmospheric pressure was 94,500 Pa at the ground level. If a student measures with a barometer 2 meters above the ground level, how much pressure in Pa is she expected to find? Assume atmospheric pressure decreases 11.5 Pa per meter of altitude increase during that day.

Express the approximate thicknesses of the (a) stratosphere, (b) mesosphere, and (c) thermosphere in terms of the thickness of the troposphere (at the equator).

What are the four fundamental atmospheric measurements discussed in this chapter, and with what instrument is each measured?