The Cosmic Perspective (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134059068
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Megan O. Donahue, Nicholas Schneider, Mark Voit
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 25EAP
When we say that a planet has a highly eccentric orbit, we mean that (a) it is spiraling in toward the Sun. (b) its orbit is an ellipse with the Sun at one focus. (c) in some parts of its orbit it is much closer to the Sun than in other parts.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
If the semi-major axis, a, is measured in AU and the orbital period, p, is measured in years, then Kepler's 3rd law allows us to calculate the mass of the object they are orbiting using the following equation: M = a3/p2
Furthermore, the mass that is calculated by this equation is given in solar masses (MSun) where, by definition, the Sun's mass is 1 MSun.
Now, suppose I were to tell you that the mass of Jupiter is equal to 4.5e7 MSun.
Does the stated mass of Jupiter make sense?
Group of answer choices
- Yes
- No, it's too big.
- No, it's too small
If the semi-major axis, a, is measured in AU and the orbital period, p, is measured in years, then Kepler's 3rd law allows us to calculate the mass of the object they are orbiting using the following equation: M = a3/p2
Furthermore, the mass that is calculated by this equation is given in solar masses (MSun) where, by definition, the Sun's mass is 1 MSun.
Now, suppose I were to tell you that the mass of Jupiter is equal to 4.5e7 MSun.
Does the stated mass of Jupiter make sense?
it is to big or to small or makes sense
Let's assume that the planet was originally orbiting around something with the mass of our Sun (and thus the mass of the planet is negligible). Now we will examine the case where the planet orbits a star with 8 times the mass of our Sun, but we will say that the dates listed in the diagram above are still accurate for indicating the planet's position as it orbits the new star. What is ratio of the size of the semimajor axis of the planet in this case compared to the original (aka how many times larger {ratio greater than 1} or smaller {ratio less than 1} is the new semimajor axis than the old one)?
Chapter 3 Solutions
The Cosmic Perspective (8th Edition)
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 3 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 3 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 3 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 3 - Use the following questions to check your...Ch. 3 - Prob. 6VSCCh. 3 - Prob. 7VSCCh. 3 - Prob. 1EAPCh. 3 - Why did ancient peoples study astronomy? Describe...Ch. 3 - Describe the astronomical origins of our day,...
Ch. 3 - What is a lunar calendar? How can it be kept...Ch. 3 - What do we mean by a model in science?Ch. 3 - Summarize the development of the Greek geocentric...Ch. 3 - What was the Copernican revolution, and how did it...Ch. 3 - 8. What is an ellipse? Define its foci, semimajor...Ch. 3 - 9. State and explain the meaning of each of...Ch. 3 - Describe the three hallmarks of science and how we...Ch. 3 - 11. What is the difference between a hypothesis...Ch. 3 - What is the basic idea behind astrology? Explain...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience? Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience? Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience?
Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience?
Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience?
Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience? Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience? Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience?
Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience?
Each of the following...Ch. 3 - Science or Nonscience? Each of the following...Ch. 3 - In the Greek geocentric model, the retrograde...Ch. 3 - Which of the following was not a major advantage...Ch. 3 - When we say that a planet has a highly eccentric...Ch. 3 - Earth is closer to the Sun in January than in...Ch. 3 - According to Kepler’s third law, (a) Mercury...Ch. 3 - Tycho Brahe’s contribution to astronomy included...Ch. 3 - Galileo’s contribution to astronomy included (a)...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is not true about...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is not true about a...Ch. 3 - When Einstein’s theory of gravity (general...Ch. 3 - Prob. 33EAPCh. 3 - Earth’s Shape. It took thousands of years for...Ch. 3 - Prob. 35EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 36EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 37EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 38EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 39EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 40EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 41EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 42EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 43EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 44EAPCh. 3 - Be sure to show alt calculations clearly and state...Ch. 3 - Prob. 46EAPCh. 3 - Be sure to show alt calculations clearly and state...Ch. 3 - Prob. 48EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 49EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 50EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 51EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 52EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 53EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 54EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 55EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 56EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 57EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 58EAPCh. 3 - Prob. 59EAP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which major planet has the largest . . . A. semimajor axis? B. average orbital speed around the Sun? C. orbital period around the Sun? D. eccentricity?arrow_forwardA planet revolves around a certain star. At one point in the planet's orbit, called periapsis, it passes much closer to the star. Which of the following statements about periapsis is true? The planet's orbital period becomes shorter after every periapsis. The planet's orbital period becomes longer after every periapsis. The planet orbits with a slower speed during periapsis. The planet orbits with a greater speed during periapsis.arrow_forwardThe planet Saturn has a mass of 5.68×10^26 kg and a radius of 58,200 km. Janus, a moon of Saturn, has a mass of 1.9×10^18 kg and it orbits Saturn a distance of 151,400 km from the center of Saturn. - How many hours does it take for Janus to orbit Saturn?arrow_forward
- Pluto’s orbit around the Sun is highly elliptical compared to the planets in our Solar System. It has a perihelion distance of 29.7 AU and an aphelion distance of 49.5 AU. a) What is the semi-major axis of Pluto’s orbit, in AU? b) What is Pluto’s orbital period, in Earth years?arrow_forwardKepler's 1st law says that our Solar System's planets orbit in ellipses around the Sun where the closest distance to the Sun is called perihelion. Suppose I tell you that there is a planet with a perihelion distance of 2 AU and a semi-major axis of 1.5 AU. Does this make physical sense? Explain why or why not.arrow_forwardSaturn's mass is M= 5.69 x 1026 kg and its radius R=60,300 km. If a moon orbits Saturn at a distance equal to 5 times its planetary radius, what is its period of orbit? (Hint, use Newton's version of Kepler's 3rd law, and you can neglect the mass of the moon) Express your answer in days to three significant figures.arrow_forward
- (to two decimal places): (what is ‘h’?) Eccentricity of earth orbit is 0.0167 µ(sun) = 1.32712E+11 km^3/s^ semimajor axis of Earth orbit = 1.49598E+08 need to figure out what ‘h’ is. a) Calculate the speed of the earth around the sun at aphelion? (29.29 KM/S) b) At perihelion? (30.29 KM/S)arrow_forwardA new mystery planet is detected around our Sun. We measure its position relative to the Sun to be 2 AU at perihelion and 6 AU at aphelion. What is the semimajor axis of this planet's orbit (in AU)? With that information, what is the orbital period of that planet (in years)? If this planet has the same mass as Earth, how does the average force of gravity on the planet by the Sun compare with the average force of gravity on the Earth by the Sun? Please give a numerical ratio of the forces. (Hint: You can take the semimajor axis to represent the average position of the planets) 6:this is all one question with multiples steps. Thank youarrow_forwardTwo planets orbit the same star in circular orbits. One orbits at a distance of 167AU and takes 1.5days to complete an orbit. The second planet orbits at a distance of 4.7 AU. How long does it take the the second planet to complete one orbit? answer in days.arrow_forward
- Two exoplanets, UCF1.01 and UCF1.02 are found revolving around the same star. The period of planet UCF1.01 is 4.8 days, and that of planet UCF1.02 is 5.2 days. If the average distance of planet A to the sun is 2,885.4 km, what is the average distance of planet B to the sun km? Please keep four digits after decimal points.arrow_forwardA planet orbits the Sun every 539.4 years. What is its distance (semi-major axis of the orbit) from the Sun? (Give your answer in SI units and include the unit.)arrow_forwardA newly discovered planet orbits a distant star with the same mass as the Sun at an average distance of 122 million kilometers. Its orbital eccentricity is 0.6. What is the planet's orbital period? And how do you find the planet's nearest and farthest orbital distances from its star?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Stars and Galaxies (MindTap Course List)PhysicsISBN:9781337399944Author:Michael A. SeedsPublisher:Cengage Learning
AstronomyPhysicsISBN:9781938168284Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. WolffPublisher:OpenStax
An Introduction to Physical SciencePhysicsISBN:9781305079137Author:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
Stars and Galaxies (MindTap Course List)
Physics
ISBN:9781337399944
Author:Michael A. Seeds
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Astronomy
Physics
ISBN:9781938168284
Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher:OpenStax
An Introduction to Physical Science
Physics
ISBN:9781305079137
Author:James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar Torres
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...
Physics
ISBN:9781133939146
Author:Katz, Debora M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Kepler's Three Laws Explained; Author: PhysicsHigh;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kyR6EO_RMKE;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY