College Physics: A Strategic Approach (4th Edition)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134609034
Author: Randall D. Knight (Professor Emeritus), Brian Jones, Stuart Field
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 30, Problem 14CQ
To determine
To explain: Whether a lab using radiocarbon dating would overestimate or underestimate the age of a 10,000 year old artifact if
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Radiocarbon dating assumes that the abundance of 14C in the environment has been constant. Suppose 14C was less abundant 10,000 years ago than it is today. Would this cause a lab using radiocarbon dating to overestimate or underestimate the age of a 10,000-yearold artifact? (In fact, the abundance of 14C in the environment does vary slightly with time. But the issue has been well studied, and the ages of artifacts are adjusted to compensate for this variation.)
Potassium (40K) decays to Argon (40Ar) with a half-life value of 1.3 billion years. 40K is the parent isotope and 40Ar is the daughter isotope. Laboratory analysis of a rock sample showed that there are 0.13ppm of 40K and an equal amount of 40Ar in the rock. (ppm: parts per million)
Based on the laboratory results, ________________ half-live(s) have elapsed and the age of the rock is __________.
Select from the following and explain.
A. 0; 0 years
B. 3; 4.5 billion years
C. 1; 1.3 billion years
D. 13; 6 billion years
E. 13; 1.0 billion years
=
U is for Uranium. Natural uranium consists of 235U (percent abundance P₁ = 0.7300%, A₁ =
3.12 x 10-¹7 [s-¹]) and 233U (percent abundance P₂ = 99.27%, 2₂ = 4.92 × 10-¹8 [s-¹]).
Consider the time when Earth was formed 4.5 billion years ago.
Setup the time dependence of percent abundance of the two uranium isotopes. Use №₁ and N₂
as current particle count of the isotopes (use №₁,0 and N₂,0 for the initial particle count back
when Earth was formed)
Then, Compute for the initial percent abundance of each uranium isotopes when the Earth was
formed.
Chapter 30 Solutions
College Physics: A Strategic Approach (4th Edition)
Ch. 30 - Prob. 1CQCh. 30 - Prob. 2CQCh. 30 - Prob. 3CQCh. 30 - Prob. 4CQCh. 30 - Prob. 5CQCh. 30 - Prob. 6CQCh. 30 - Figure Q30.7 shows how the number of nuclei of one...Ch. 30 - Prob. 8CQCh. 30 - Prob. 9CQCh. 30 - Prob. 10CQ
Ch. 30 - The material that formed the earth was created in...Ch. 30 - Prob. 12CQCh. 30 - Prob. 13CQCh. 30 - Prob. 14CQCh. 30 - Prob. 15CQCh. 30 - Prob. 16CQCh. 30 - Prob. 17CQCh. 30 - Prob. 18CQCh. 30 - Prob. 19CQCh. 30 - Prob. 20CQCh. 30 - Prob. 21CQCh. 30 - Prob. 22CQCh. 30 - Prob. 23CQCh. 30 - Some types of MRI can produce images of resolution...Ch. 30 - Prob. 25CQCh. 30 - Prob. 26CQCh. 30 - Prob. 27CQCh. 30 - Prob. 28CQCh. 30 - Prob. 29MCQCh. 30 - Prob. 30MCQCh. 30 - Prob. 31MCQCh. 30 - Prob. 32MCQCh. 30 - Prob. 33MCQCh. 30 - Prob. 34MCQCh. 30 - Prob. 35MCQCh. 30 - Prob. 36MCQCh. 30 - Prob. 37MCQCh. 30 - Prob. 38MCQCh. 30 - Prob. 1PCh. 30 - Prob. 2PCh. 30 - Prob. 3PCh. 30 - Prob. 4PCh. 30 - Prob. 5PCh. 30 - Prob. 6PCh. 30 - Prob. 7PCh. 30 - Prob. 8PCh. 30 - Prob. 9PCh. 30 - Prob. 10PCh. 30 - Prob. 11PCh. 30 - Prob. 12PCh. 30 - Prob. 13PCh. 30 - a. Compute the binding energy of the reactants and...Ch. 30 - a. Compute the binding energy of the reactants and...Ch. 30 - Prob. 16PCh. 30 - Prob. 17PCh. 30 - Prob. 18PCh. 30 - Prob. 19PCh. 30 - Prob. 20PCh. 30 - Prob. 21PCh. 30 - Prob. 22PCh. 30 - Prob. 23PCh. 30 - Prob. 24PCh. 30 - Prob. 25PCh. 30 - Prob. 26PCh. 30 - Prob. 27PCh. 30 - Prob. 28PCh. 30 - Prob. 29PCh. 30 - Prob. 30PCh. 30 - Prob. 31PCh. 30 - Prob. 32PCh. 30 - Prob. 33PCh. 30 - Prob. 34PCh. 30 - Prob. 35PCh. 30 - Prob. 36PCh. 30 - Prob. 37PCh. 30 - Prob. 38PCh. 30 - Prob. 39PCh. 30 - Prob. 40PCh. 30 - Prob. 41PCh. 30 - Prob. 42PCh. 30 - Prob. 43PCh. 30 - Prob. 44PCh. 30 - Prob. 45PCh. 30 - Prob. 46PCh. 30 - Prob. 47PCh. 30 - Prob. 48PCh. 30 - Prob. 49PCh. 30 - Prob. 50PCh. 30 - Prob. 51PCh. 30 - Prob. 52PCh. 30 - Prob. 53PCh. 30 - Prob. 54PCh. 30 - Prob. 55PCh. 30 - Prob. 56PCh. 30 - Prob. 57PCh. 30 - Prob. 58PCh. 30 - Prob. 59GPCh. 30 - Prob. 60GPCh. 30 - Prob. 61GPCh. 30 - Prob. 62GPCh. 30 - Prob. 63GPCh. 30 - Prob. 64GPCh. 30 - Prob. 65GPCh. 30 - Prob. 66GPCh. 30 - Prob. 67GPCh. 30 - Prob. 68GPCh. 30 - Prob. 69GPCh. 30 - Prob. 70GPCh. 30 - Prob. 71GPCh. 30 - Prob. 72GPCh. 30 - Prob. 73GPCh. 30 - Prob. 74MSPPCh. 30 - Prob. 75MSPPCh. 30 - Prob. 76MSPPCh. 30 - What statement can be made about the masses above...Ch. 30 - Prob. 78MSPPCh. 30 - Prob. 79MSPPCh. 30 - Prob. 80MSPP
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Natural uranium consists of 235U(percent abundance = 0.7200%, =3.121017/s ) and 238U (percent abundance = 99.27% , =4.921018/s ). What were the values for percent abundance of 235Uand 238Uwhen Earth formed 4.5109years ago?arrow_forwardUranium-lead (U-Pb) dating of geological samples is one of the oldest and most refined radiometric dating methods, able to determine ages of about 1 million years to over 4.5 billion years with precision in the 0.1–1% range. The U-Pb dating method relies on two separate decay chains, one of which is the actinium series from 235U to 207Pb, with a half-life of 704 million years. Geologists unearth a sample of zircon that appears to be a closed system. They find 0.714 grams of 207Pb for 1.000 grams of 235U present. Approximately how old is the sample? _______ yrsarrow_forwardCharcoal from an ancient campfire has a ratio of 14C to 12C that is one- fourth that of new wood. About how old is the charcoal? The half- life of 14C is 5730 years.arrow_forward
- Determine the age of a certain rock sample: carbon -14 half life = 5730 years. An archeology dig unearths a skeleton. Analysis shows is a C-14 activity of 1Cpm per gram of total carbon. Approximately how old is the skeleton?(Original C-14 Activity= 16Cpm)arrow_forwardA rock sample contains two radioactive elements A and B, with half lives of 8000 and 16000 years respectively. If the relative proportion of AB is initially 1: 1, what is their relative proportion after 16000 years? 2:1 3:1 12 1.3arrow_forwardThe smallest 14C/12C ratio that can be reliably measured is about 3.0 * 10-15, setting a limit on the oldest carbon specimens that can be dated. How old would a sample with this carbon ratio be?arrow_forward
- In a certain rock, the ratio of lead atoms to uranium atoms is 0.300.Assume that uranium has a half-life of 4.47 × 10^9 y and that the rock had no lead atoms when it formed. How old is the rock?arrow_forwardThis exercise uses the radioactive decay model. The half-life of radium-226 is 1600 years. Suppose we have a 29-mg sample. (a) Find a function m(t) = mo2-t/h that models the mass remaining after t years. m(t) 1600 29 2 (b) Find a function m(t) = moe-rt that models the mass remaining after t years. (Round your r value to six decimal places m(t) = %3D (c) How much of the sample will remain after 5000 years? (Round your answer to one decimal place.) 1 mg (d) After how many years will only 17 mg of the sample remain? (Round your answer to one decimal place.) X yrarrow_forwardA sample from human remains found near Stonehenge in England shows that 71.2% of the carbon-14 still remains. Use the model Q(1) = Qe-0.000121 to determine the age of the sample. In this model, Q(t) represents the amount of carbon-14 remaining t years after death, and Qo represents the initial amount of carbon-14 at the time of death. Round to the nearest 100 yr.arrow_forward
- The hot liquid magma of molten earth was on full display in Mauna Loa as it has been actively erupting over the past couple of weeks.Geologist and scientist have determined that about 50% of the earth's interior is due to the release of heat by the decay of radioactive elements like potassium-40, uranium-238 and thorium-232, which have half-lives of 1.25 billion, 4 billion and 14 billion years, respectively. a) Write the equation of the BETA-minus decay of potassium-40. b). Write the equation of the ALPHA decay of uranium-238. c). Write the equation of the ALPHA decay of thorium-232.arrow_forwardThe half-life of a radioactive isotope is the amount of time it takes for a quantity ofradioactive material to decay to one-half of its original amount. (a) The half-life of Carbon 14 (C-14) is 5230 years. Determine the decay-rate parameter λ for C-14.(b) The half-life of Iodine 131 (I-131) is 8 days. Determine the decay-rate parameter for I-131.arrow_forwardA sample of spruce wood taken from Two Creeks forest bed near Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is believed to date from the time of one of the last advances of the continental ice sheet into the United States. The ratio of 14C to 12C in the sample was found to be 0.2446 of the atmospheric value of this ratio. What is the daughter-to-parent ratio for the decay process in the sample? What is the estimated age of the spruce wood sample? Show calculations that support your answer.arrow_forward
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