Logical Instructions: The instructions provided by processor includes: AND: It performs bitwise “AND” operation. It returns 1, if matching bits from both operands are 1. OR: It performs bitwise “OR” operation. It returns 1, if matching bits from either or both operands are 1. XOR: It performs bitwise “XOR” operation. It sets bit to 1, if bits from operands are different. NOT: It performs bitwise “NOT” operation. It reverses bits in an operand. The “orq” instruction performs bitwise “OR” operation on 8 bytes data size. The “notq” instruction performs bitwise “NOT” operation on 8 bytes data size.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 3.5, Problem 3.11PP

a.

Program Plan Intro

Logical Instructions:

The instructions provided by processor includes:

AND:

It performs bitwise “AND” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from both operands are 1.

OR:

It performs bitwise “OR” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from either or both operands are 1.

XOR:

It performs bitwise “XOR” operation.

It sets bit to 1, if bits from operands are different.

NOT:

It performs bitwise “NOT” operation.

It reverses bits in an operand.

The “orq” instruction performs bitwise “OR” operation on 8 bytes data size.

The “notq” instruction performs bitwise “NOT” operation on 8 bytes data size.

b.

Program Plan Intro

Data movement instructions:

The different instructions are been grouped as “instruction classes”.

The instructions in a class performs same operation but with different sizes of operand.

The “Mov” class denotes data movement instructions that copy data from a source location to a destination.

The class has 4 instructions that includes:

movb:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 1 byte data size.

movw:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 2 bytes data size.

movl:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 4 bytes data size.

movq:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 8 bytes data size.

The “subq” instruction decrements the second operand by value in first operand.

c.

Program Plan Intro

Data movement instructions:

The different instructions are been grouped as “instruction classes”.

The instructions in a class performs same operation but with different sizes of operand.

The “Mov” class denotes data movement instructions that copy data from a source location to a destination.

The class has 4 instructions that includes:

movb:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 1 byte data size.

movw:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 2 bytes data size.

movl:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 4 bytes data size.

movq:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 8 bytes data size.

The “subq” instruction decrements the second operand by value in first operand.

Logical Instructions:

The instructions provided by processor includes:

AND

It performs bitwise “AND” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from both operands are 1.

OR

It performs bitwise “OR” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from either or both operands are 1.

XOR

It performs bitwise “XOR” operation.

It sets bit to 1, if bits from operands are different.

NOT

It performs bitwise “NOT” operation.

It reverses bits in an operand.

The “orq” instruction performs bitwise “OR” operation on 8 bytes data size.

The “notq” instruction performs bitwise “NOT” operation on 8 bytes data size.

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(d) You are working on a redesign of a simple 16-bit computer which supports at most 64 kilobytes of memory. Currently, memory is word-addressed and all memory accesses load or store a 16-bit value. For example, LDA Ox6502 loads a 16-bit value from address Ox6502 into register A. The change is to support additionally 8-bit accesses, thanks to an expanded machine language (already designed by a colleague) which now supports instructions such as: ; load 16 bits from addr 6502 into A ; load 8 bits from addr 6502 into A LDAW Ox6502 LDAB Ox6502 Outline, at a high level, how you would bring about this change in the CPU design, and mentioning any difficulties you expect to encounter.

(b) (i) (ii) Elaborate how we can identify the instruction format (i.e., R-, I- or J- type) of a machine code. Translate the following machine code to MIPS assembly code. Show all your workings. 0x0125882A

(e) Instruction(s) to copy contents at one memory location to another: C[g] =A[i+j-3). Assume i, j,g values are in registers x5, x6, x7. Assume base address in memory of Array data structures 'A, B' (or address in memory of 'A[O]' and 'B[O]') are stored in Registers x28, 29• In RISCV, only load and store instructions access memory locations • These instructions must follow a 'format' to access memory • Assume a 32 bit machine in all problems unless asked to assume otherwise

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 3.5, Problem 3.11PP

a.

Program Plan Intro

Logical Instructions:

The instructions provided by processor includes:

AND:

It performs bitwise “AND” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from both operands are 1.

OR:

It performs bitwise “OR” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from either or both operands are 1.

XOR:

It performs bitwise “XOR” operation.

It sets bit to 1, if bits from operands are different.

NOT:

It performs bitwise “NOT” operation.

It reverses bits in an operand.

The “orq” instruction performs bitwise “OR” operation on 8 bytes data size.

The “notq” instruction performs bitwise “NOT” operation on 8 bytes data size.

b.

Program Plan Intro

Data movement instructions:

The different instructions are been grouped as “instruction classes”.

The instructions in a class performs same operation but with different sizes of operand.

The “Mov” class denotes data movement instructions that copy data from a source location to a destination.

The class has 4 instructions that includes:

movb:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 1 byte data size.

movw:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 2 bytes data size.

movl:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 4 bytes data size.

movq:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 8 bytes data size.

The “subq” instruction decrements the second operand by value in first operand.

c.

Program Plan Intro

Data movement instructions:

The different instructions are been grouped as “instruction classes”.

The instructions in a class performs same operation but with different sizes of operand.

The “Mov” class denotes data movement instructions that copy data from a source location to a destination.

The class has 4 instructions that includes:

movb:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 1 byte data size.

movw:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 2 bytes data size.

movl:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 4 bytes data size.

movq:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 8 bytes data size.

The “subq” instruction decrements the second operand by value in first operand.

Logical Instructions:

The instructions provided by processor includes:

AND

It performs bitwise “AND” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from both operands are 1.

OR

It performs bitwise “OR” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from either or both operands are 1.

XOR

It performs bitwise “XOR” operation.

It sets bit to 1, if bits from operands are different.

NOT

It performs bitwise “NOT” operation.

It reverses bits in an operand.

The “orq” instruction performs bitwise “OR” operation on 8 bytes data size.

The “notq” instruction performs bitwise “NOT” operation on 8 bytes data size.

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See solution

Answer 3

Question

Chapter 3.5, Problem 3.11PP

a.

Program Plan Intro

Logical Instructions:

The instructions provided by processor includes:

AND:

It performs bitwise “AND” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from both operands are 1.

OR:

It performs bitwise “OR” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from either or both operands are 1.

XOR:

It performs bitwise “XOR” operation.

It sets bit to 1, if bits from operands are different.

NOT:

It performs bitwise “NOT” operation.

It reverses bits in an operand.

The “orq” instruction performs bitwise “OR” operation on 8 bytes data size.

The “notq” instruction performs bitwise “NOT” operation on 8 bytes data size.

b.

Program Plan Intro

Data movement instructions:

The different instructions are been grouped as “instruction classes”.

The instructions in a class performs same operation but with different sizes of operand.

The “Mov” class denotes data movement instructions that copy data from a source location to a destination.

The class has 4 instructions that includes:

movb:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 1 byte data size.

movw:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 2 bytes data size.

movl:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 4 bytes data size.

movq:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 8 bytes data size.

The “subq” instruction decrements the second operand by value in first operand.

c.

Program Plan Intro

Data movement instructions:

The different instructions are been grouped as “instruction classes”.

The instructions in a class performs same operation but with different sizes of operand.

The “Mov” class denotes data movement instructions that copy data from a source location to a destination.

The class has 4 instructions that includes:

movb:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 1 byte data size.

movw:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 2 bytes data size.

movl:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 4 bytes data size.

movq:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 8 bytes data size.

The “subq” instruction decrements the second operand by value in first operand.

Logical Instructions:

The instructions provided by processor includes:

AND

It performs bitwise “AND” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from both operands are 1.

OR

It performs bitwise “OR” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from either or both operands are 1.

XOR

It performs bitwise “XOR” operation.

It sets bit to 1, if bits from operands are different.

NOT

It performs bitwise “NOT” operation.

It reverses bits in an operand.

The “orq” instruction performs bitwise “OR” operation on 8 bytes data size.

The “notq” instruction performs bitwise “NOT” operation on 8 bytes data size.

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See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 3.5, Problem 3.11PP

a.

Program Plan Intro

Logical Instructions:

The instructions provided by processor includes:

AND:

It performs bitwise “AND” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from both operands are 1.

OR:

It performs bitwise “OR” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from either or both operands are 1.

XOR:

It performs bitwise “XOR” operation.

It sets bit to 1, if bits from operands are different.

NOT:

It performs bitwise “NOT” operation.

It reverses bits in an operand.

The “orq” instruction performs bitwise “OR” operation on 8 bytes data size.

The “notq” instruction performs bitwise “NOT” operation on 8 bytes data size.

b.

Program Plan Intro

Data movement instructions:

The different instructions are been grouped as “instruction classes”.

The instructions in a class performs same operation but with different sizes of operand.

The “Mov” class denotes data movement instructions that copy data from a source location to a destination.

The class has 4 instructions that includes:

movb:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 1 byte data size.

movw:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 2 bytes data size.

movl:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 4 bytes data size.

movq:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 8 bytes data size.

The “subq” instruction decrements the second operand by value in first operand.

c.

Program Plan Intro

Data movement instructions:

The different instructions are been grouped as “instruction classes”.

The instructions in a class performs same operation but with different sizes of operand.

The “Mov” class denotes data movement instructions that copy data from a source location to a destination.

The class has 4 instructions that includes:

movb:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 1 byte data size.

movw:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 2 bytes data size.

movl:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 4 bytes data size.

movq:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 8 bytes data size.

The “subq” instruction decrements the second operand by value in first operand.

Logical Instructions:

The instructions provided by processor includes:

AND

It performs bitwise “AND” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from both operands are 1.

OR

It performs bitwise “OR” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from either or both operands are 1.

XOR

It performs bitwise “XOR” operation.

It sets bit to 1, if bits from operands are different.

NOT

It performs bitwise “NOT” operation.

It reverses bits in an operand.

The “orq” instruction performs bitwise “OR” operation on 8 bytes data size.

The “notq” instruction performs bitwise “NOT” operation on 8 bytes data size.

Expert Solution & Answer

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See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 3.5, Problem 3.11PP

a.

Program Plan Intro

Logical Instructions:

The instructions provided by processor includes:

AND:

It performs bitwise “AND” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from both operands are 1.

OR:

It performs bitwise “OR” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from either or both operands are 1.

XOR:

It performs bitwise “XOR” operation.

It sets bit to 1, if bits from operands are different.

NOT:

It performs bitwise “NOT” operation.

It reverses bits in an operand.

The “orq” instruction performs bitwise “OR” operation on 8 bytes data size.

The “notq” instruction performs bitwise “NOT” operation on 8 bytes data size.

b.

Program Plan Intro

Data movement instructions:

The different instructions are been grouped as “instruction classes”.

The instructions in a class performs same operation but with different sizes of operand.

The “Mov” class denotes data movement instructions that copy data from a source location to a destination.

The class has 4 instructions that includes:

movb:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 1 byte data size.

movw:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 2 bytes data size.

movl:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 4 bytes data size.

movq:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 8 bytes data size.

The “subq” instruction decrements the second operand by value in first operand.

c.

Program Plan Intro

Data movement instructions:

The different instructions are been grouped as “instruction classes”.

The instructions in a class performs same operation but with different sizes of operand.

The “Mov” class denotes data movement instructions that copy data from a source location to a destination.

The class has 4 instructions that includes:

movb:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 1 byte data size.

movw:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 2 bytes data size.

movl:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 4 bytes data size.

movq:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 8 bytes data size.

The “subq” instruction decrements the second operand by value in first operand.

Logical Instructions:

The instructions provided by processor includes:

AND

It performs bitwise “AND” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from both operands are 1.

OR

It performs bitwise “OR” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from either or both operands are 1.

XOR

It performs bitwise “XOR” operation.

It sets bit to 1, if bits from operands are different.

NOT

It performs bitwise “NOT” operation.

It reverses bits in an operand.

The “orq” instruction performs bitwise “OR” operation on 8 bytes data size.

The “notq” instruction performs bitwise “NOT” operation on 8 bytes data size.

Answer 6

Chapter 3.5, Problem 3.11PP

a.

Program Plan Intro

Logical Instructions:

The instructions provided by processor includes:

AND:

It performs bitwise “AND” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from both operands are 1.

OR:

It performs bitwise “OR” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from either or both operands are 1.

XOR:

It performs bitwise “XOR” operation.

It sets bit to 1, if bits from operands are different.

NOT:

It performs bitwise “NOT” operation.

It reverses bits in an operand.

The “orq” instruction performs bitwise “OR” operation on 8 bytes data size.

The “notq” instruction performs bitwise “NOT” operation on 8 bytes data size.

Answer 7

Chapter 3.5, Problem 3.11PP

a.

Program Plan Intro

Logical Instructions:

The instructions provided by processor includes:

AND:

It performs bitwise “AND” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from both operands are 1.

OR:

It performs bitwise “OR” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from either or both operands are 1.

XOR:

It performs bitwise “XOR” operation.

It sets bit to 1, if bits from operands are different.

NOT:

It performs bitwise “NOT” operation.

It reverses bits in an operand.

The “orq” instruction performs bitwise “OR” operation on 8 bytes data size.

The “notq” instruction performs bitwise “NOT” operation on 8 bytes data size.

Answer 8

b.

Program Plan Intro

Data movement instructions:

The different instructions are been grouped as “instruction classes”.

The instructions in a class performs same operation but with different sizes of operand.

The “Mov” class denotes data movement instructions that copy data from a source location to a destination.

The class has 4 instructions that includes:

movb:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 1 byte data size.

movw:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 2 bytes data size.

movl:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 4 bytes data size.

movq:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 8 bytes data size.

The “subq” instruction decrements the second operand by value in first operand.

Answer 9

b.

Program Plan Intro

Data movement instructions:

The different instructions are been grouped as “instruction classes”.

The instructions in a class performs same operation but with different sizes of operand.

The “Mov” class denotes data movement instructions that copy data from a source location to a destination.

The class has 4 instructions that includes:

movb:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 1 byte data size.

movw:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 2 bytes data size.

movl:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 4 bytes data size.

movq:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 8 bytes data size.

The “subq” instruction decrements the second operand by value in first operand.

Answer 10

c.

Program Plan Intro

Data movement instructions:

The different instructions are been grouped as “instruction classes”.

The instructions in a class performs same operation but with different sizes of operand.

The “Mov” class denotes data movement instructions that copy data from a source location to a destination.

The class has 4 instructions that includes:

movb:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 1 byte data size.

movw:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 2 bytes data size.

movl:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 4 bytes data size.

movq:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 8 bytes data size.

The “subq” instruction decrements the second operand by value in first operand.

Logical Instructions:

The instructions provided by processor includes:

AND

It performs bitwise “AND” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from both operands are 1.

OR

It performs bitwise “OR” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from either or both operands are 1.

XOR

It performs bitwise “XOR” operation.

It sets bit to 1, if bits from operands are different.

NOT

It performs bitwise “NOT” operation.

It reverses bits in an operand.

The “orq” instruction performs bitwise “OR” operation on 8 bytes data size.

The “notq” instruction performs bitwise “NOT” operation on 8 bytes data size.

Answer 11

c.

Program Plan Intro

Data movement instructions:

The different instructions are been grouped as “instruction classes”.

The instructions in a class performs same operation but with different sizes of operand.

The “Mov” class denotes data movement instructions that copy data from a source location to a destination.

The class has 4 instructions that includes:

movb:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 1 byte data size.

movw:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 2 bytes data size.

movl:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 4 bytes data size.

movq:

It copies data from a source location to a destination.

It denotes an instruction that operates on 8 bytes data size.

The “subq” instruction decrements the second operand by value in first operand.

Logical Instructions:

The instructions provided by processor includes:

AND

It performs bitwise “AND” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from both operands are 1.

OR

It performs bitwise “OR” operation.

It returns 1, if matching bits from either or both operands are 1.

XOR

It performs bitwise “XOR” operation.

It sets bit to 1, if bits from operands are different.

NOT

It performs bitwise “NOT” operation.

It reverses bits in an operand.

The “orq” instruction performs bitwise “OR” operation on 8 bytes data size.

The “notq” instruction performs bitwise “NOT” operation on 8 bytes data size.

Answer 12

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 13

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3.1PP Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3.2PP Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3.3PP Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3.4PP Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3.5PP Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 3.6PP Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 3.7PP Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 3.8PP Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 3.9PP Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 3.10PP

Solution Summary: The author explains the different instructions in a class that perform the same operation but with different sizes of operands.

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Chapter 3 Solutions