Concept explainers
(a)
The limiting resolution of the microscope.
(a)
Answer to Problem 7PQ
The limiting resolution of the microscope is
Explanation of Solution
Write the expression for the limit of resolution of the optical system.
Here,
Conclusion:
Substitute
Therefore, the limiting resolution of the microscope is
(b)
The wavelength that will produce the smallest angle of resolution.
(b)
Answer to Problem 7PQ
The smallest angle of resolution is produced by violet light of
Explanation of Solution
The range of the visible light is from red
From the equation (I), the angle of resolution is proportional to the
Conclusion:
Therefore, the smallest angle of resolution is produced by violet light of
(c)
The angular resolution of the microscope.
(c)
Answer to Problem 7PQ
The angular resolution of the microscope is
Explanation of Solution
Conclusion:
Substitute
Therefore, the angular resolution of the microscope is
(d)
The angular resolution of the microscope if the microscope is inserted in water.
(d)
Answer to Problem 7PQ
The angular resolution of the microscope is
Explanation of Solution
Conclusion:
Substitute
Therefore, the angular resolution of the microscope is
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 36 Solutions
EBK PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEER
- A microscope with an objective lens of diameter 7.70 mm is used to view samples of light of wavelength 650 nm.What is the limiting resolutions of this microscope with this objective lens.?arrow_forwardWhat is the resolving power of a microscope with a 6.00-mm diameter objective which has f =12.0 mm? (Take the average wavelength of visible light to be roughly 550 nm) a. 550 nm b. 870 nm c. 1145 nm d. 1342 nmarrow_forwardQUESTION 2. Identify whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE. No explanation is needed. 1. Larger numerical aperture (NA) improves depth of focus (DOF). True OR False 2. Double Processing (DP) improves resolution for projection lithography. True OR False 3. Gate oxide isolates different MOS transistors on the same substrate. True OR False 4. Drain and Source of a MOS transistor is made from polysilicon. True OR False 5. In proximity printing/lithography resolution is not good because the gap True OR False between the mask and the resist causes strong light diffraction. 6. Higher contrast leads to higher resolution in a photoresist. True OR False 7. Phase shifting masks (PSM) enhances resolution in lithography. True OR False 8. Resists which require lower dose for full exposure have higher sensitivity. True OR False 9. Damascus blades contained carbon nanotubes. True OR False 10. Standing wave formation in photoresist leads to better photoresist profiles. True OR Falsearrow_forward
- Problem 3. A 1mm filament produces a 1mm × 1mm electron beam incident on an anode disk with anode angle = 13°.The center of the focal spot is 1 m away from a detector which is centered at the center of the focal spot on the anode disk and is 50 cm wide. Determine the effective focal spot dimensions on the disk and the dimensions of the focal spot in the center of the detector, at the far anode edge of the detector, and at the far cathode edge of the detector (see figure below which is definitely not to scale). 1 m աալ 0 40 cmarrow_forwardA laser beam with wavelength λ = 675 nm hits a grating with n = 4750 grooves per centimeter. A. Calculate the grating spacing, d, in centimeters. B. Find the sin of the angle, θ2, at which the 2nd order maximum will be observed, in terms of d and λ. C. Calculate the numerical value of θ2 in degrees.arrow_forwardLight from the He-Ne laser of wavelength 633 nm passes through a circular aperture. It is observed on a screen 2.00 m behind the aperture. The width of the central maximum is 3.40 cm what is the diameter of the hole? A. 45.4 micro meters B. 90.9 micro meters C. 3.40 centi meters D. 74.5 micro meters E. 633 nano metersarrow_forward
- The hydrogen spectrum has a red line at 656 nm, and a blue line at 434 nm. What is the first order angular separation between the two spectral lines obtained with a diffraction grating with 5000 rulings/cn? a. 7.7° b. 16.6° c. 6.6° d. 3.2° e. 19.2°arrow_forward9. A diffraction grating is placed 1.00 m from a viewing screen. Light from a hydrogen lamp is passed through the grating, and the 656-nm-wavelength emission line in the hydrogen spectrum is seen 60.0 cm to one side of the center. Then the hydrogen lamp is replaced with a mercury lamp. a. Where does the 546-nm-wavelength emission line in the mercury spectrum fall on the screen? b. A spectral line is seen on the screen 36.4 cm away from the center. What is the wavelength?arrow_forwardIn the figure, first-order reflection from the reflection planes shown occurs when an x-ray beam of wavelength 0.820 nm makes an angle θ = 62.3˚ with the top face of the crystal. What is the unit cell size a0?arrow_forward
- 1. a. If a piece of glass (n = 1.5) is coated with a transparent plastic (n = 2.0), will there be a phase shift in either of the beams reflecting off the interfaces (air/plastic and plastic/glass)? How can you tell, without doing the experiment, whether or not there will be a phase shift in either beam? Be specific about what rays are reflecting off what materials. b. So what thickness or thicknesses give the maximum reflection? What thickness or thicknesses (hint: it's thicknesses) give the minimum reflection? Assume that a light of wavelength 500. nm is used, and you may leave the answer in nm. Yes, this is a choice between equations 35.17 and 35.18, but your answer to part a should be helpful in deciding which set.arrow_forwardA telescope can be used to enlarge the diameter of a laser beam and limit diffraction spreading. The laser beam is sent through the eyepiece and out the objective, and can then be projected onto a satellite or the Moon. a. If this is done with the Mount Wilson telescope, producing a 2.1 m diameter beam of 690 nm light, what is the minimum angular spread, in radians, of the beam? b. Neglecting atmospheric effects, what is the diameter of the spot this beam would make on the Moon, assuming a lunar distance of 3.84×108 m?arrow_forwardLight from a He-Ne laser of wavelength is 633 nm passes through a circular aperture of diameter 114 mm. The width of the central maximum on the screen is 54.2 mm. How far is a screen from the circular aperture? A. 1.54 m B. 4.88 m C. 8.00 m D. 9.76 m E. 4.00 marrow_forward
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage LearningPrinciples of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning